Bowdoin College

CONTINUATION OF BOWDOIN COLLEGE'S REGULAR UPWARD BOUND PROJECT

HIGHER EDUCATION RELIEF FOR BOWDOIN COLLEGE IN BRUNSWICK, MAINE

UPWARD BOUND

UPWARD BOUND PROGRAM

UPWARD BOUND PROGRAM

VASOPRESSIN EFFECTS ON EMOTIONAL SOCIAL COMMUNICATION

NEW REGULAR UPWARD BOUND PROJECT AWARD FOR BOWDOIN COLLEGE

PHYTOPLANKTON ARE CHARACTERIZED BY TREMENDOUS DIVERSITY THAT CRITICALLY AFFECTS OCEAN ECOSYSTEM FUNCTIONING. THE EXPORTS PHYTOPLANKTON BES PROGRAM ELEMENT SEEKS TO ADDRESS THE ROLE THAT PHYTOPLANKTON DIVERSITY PLAYS IN DETERMINING (1) NET PRIMARY PRODUCTION (NPP) (2) STANDING STOCK OF PHYTOPLANKTON CARBON IN THE EUPHOTIC ZONE (3) EXPORT EFFICIENCY OF PHYTOPLANKTON CARBON OUT OF THE EUPHOTIC ZONE AND (4) FLUX TRANSMISSION OF THIS MATERIAL BELOW THE EUPHOTIC ZONE INTO THE TWILIGHT ZONE. THE EXPORTS OPTICS PROGRAM ELEMENT SEEKS TO QUANTIFY THE OPTICAL MEASUREMENTS THAT LINK ECOSYSTEM FUNCTION TO REMOTELY SENSED PRODUCTS VIA CARBON-BASED OPTICAL PROXIES. IN THIS PROPOSAL WE CONTRIBUTE TO THESE PROGRAM ELEMENTS BY FOCUSING ON PHYTOPLANKTON DIVERSITY AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES/PROXIES OF KEY PHYTOPLANKTON COMMUNITY STRUCTURE ELEMENTS (I.E. CONCENTRATION COMPOSITION AND SIZE) AND HOW THOSE FACTORS INFLUENCE EXPORT FROM AND TRANSFORMATION BELOW THE EUPHOTIC ZONE. THE ABILITY TO DIFFERENTIATE PHYTOPLANKTON BASED UPON THEIR FUNCTIONAL DIFFERENCES IS CRUCIAL TO QUANTIFY HOW DIFFERENT GROUPS IMPACT CARBON STOCKS AND FLUXES. WE INTEND TO MEASURE PHYTOPLANKTON DIVERSITY AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES BY CONSTRUCTING A CONTINUOUS UNDERWAY FLOW-THROUGH SYSTEM FOR THE SURVEY SHIP DESCRIBED IN THE EXPORTS SCIENCE PLAN. OUR SYSTEM WILL CONSIST OF IMAGING-IN-FLOW CYTOMETRY HYPERSPECTRAL ABSORPTION AND ATTENUATION (SCATTERING BY DIFFERENCE) MULTISPECTRAL BACKSCATTERING AND MULTI-EXCITATION CHLOROPHYLL FLUORESCENCE. WATER SAMPLES FROM CTD CASTS TO TWILIGHT DEPTHS WILL ALSO BE MEASURED IN DISCRETE MODE TO QUANTIFY THE TRANSFORMATION AND CHANGE IN DIVERSITY OF ALGAL CELLS (AND THEIR ASSOCIATED OPTICAL PROPERTIES) AS THEY SINK THROUGH THE WATER COLUMN.

TRIO - UPWARD BOUND - UPWARD BOUND PROGRAM

BOWDOIN COLLEGE UPWARD BOUND GRANT 2 - WASHINGTON COUNTY

ROLE OF GENOME PLASTICITY IN CANDIDA ALBICANS DURING HOST-PATHOGEN INTERACTIONS

THE TRANSPORT OF DISSOLVED AND PARTICULATE ORGANIC MATTER (DOM/POM) FROM TERRESTRIAL SYSTEMS TO THE COASTAL OCEAN REPRESENTS A GLOBALLY SIGNIFICANT F

DECIPHERING HELICOBACTER PYLORI'S GLYCOCODE: UNCOVERING & HARNESSING DRUG TARGETS

COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: BRIDGING PRESCHOOL AND KINDERGARTEN SCIENCE: EXPLORING PLAY-BASED ENGAGEMENT WITH SCIENTIFIC AND ENGINEERING PRACTICES IN EARLY LEARNING ENVIRONMENTS -THIS PROJECT WILL INVESTIGATE HOW AND TO WHAT EXTENT PRESCHOOLERS AND KINDERGARTENERS CAN ENGAGE IN SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING PRACTICES IN PLAY-BASED LEARNING ENVIRONMENTS. YOUNG CHILDREN ARE NATURAL SCIENTISTS, CURIOUS ABOUT THE WORLD AROUND THEM, EAGER TO POSE QUESTIONS, AND READY TO INVESTIGATE THEIR SURROUNDINGS. THEY MAKE SENSE OF THE WORLD PRIMARILY THROUGH PLAY, AS HAS BEEN RECOGNIZED INTERNATIONALLY AS A FUNDAMENTAL COMPONENT OF CHILD DEVELOPMENT. SCIENCE LEARNING EXPERIENCES FOR YOUNG CHILDREN CAN REFLECT THESE FACTS ABOUT CHILDREN. RATHER THAN RELYING ON ADULTS TO DIRECT STRUCTURED ACTIVITY AROUND A PARTICULAR TABLE OR ?STATION? IN A CLASSROOM, CHILDREN CAN INTERACT FREELY WITH THEIR ENVIRONMENT BOTH INDOORS AND OUTDOORS TO HAVE RICH EXPERIENCES THAT BUILD ON CHILDREN?S CREATIVE AND INTUITIVE WAYS OF ENGAGING WITH SCIENCE THROUGH PLAY. THE PROJECT WILL ALSO EXPLORE HOW SPACES, MATERIALS, AND PEDAGOGIES CAN SUPPORT AND EXTEND CHILDREN?S ENGAGEMENT WITH SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING PRACTICES. EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATORS WILL ENGAGE IN PROFESSIONAL LEARNING USING A REFINED VERSION OF THE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING PRACTICES OBSERVATION PROTOCOL (SCIEPOP), AN OBSERVATION TOOL THAT ALLOWS RESEARCHERS TO IDENTIFY AND DESCRIBE HIGH-QUALITY PLAY-BASED ENGAGEMENT WITH SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING PRACTICES. THROUGH VIDEO-RICH PROFESSIONAL LEARNING ALONG WITH PEER-BASED COACHING, EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATORS WILL GROW IN THEIR ABILITY TO PREPARE PLAY ENVIRONMENTS, IDENTIFY NASCENT SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING PRACTICES, ENHANCE AND EXTEND INVESTIGATIONS THROUGH PLAY, AND RECORD AND REFLECT UPON THIS LEARNING. THIS PROJECT AIMS TO DEEPEN UNDERSTANDING OF HOW TO SUPPORT AND DEVELOP EARLY CHILDHOOD SCIENCE LEARNING BY ARTICULATING SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING PRACTICES OBSERVED IN CHILDREN?S PLAY. IT ALSO AIMS TO DEVELOP EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATORS? ABILITIES TO IDENTIFY AND SUPPORT NASCENT SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING PRACTICES WITH YOUNG CHILDREN. RESEARCHERS WILL USE A MULTI-METHOD, DESIGN-BASED RESEARCH APPROACH TO INVESTIGATE THE FOLLOWING RESEARCH QUESTIONS: (1) WHAT ARE THE KEY DESIGN ELEMENTS OF THE SCIEPOP TOOL AND THE SURROUNDING PROFESSIONAL LEARNING EXPERIENCES NEEDED TO SUPPORT STUDENT ENGAGEMENT WITH SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING PRACTICES? (2) HOW DOES THE USE OF THE SCIEPOP TOOL DURING PROFESSIONAL LEARNING PROGRESSIVELY ENHANCE TEACHERS? ABILITIES TO SUPPORT CHILDREN?S ENGAGEMENT WITH SEP IN PLAY? (3) HOW DOES THE PROPOSED TEACHER PROFESSIONAL LEARNING INTERVENTION IMPACT CLASSROOM-LEVEL PATTERNS OF CHILDREN?S ENGAGEMENT WITH SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING PRACTICES DURING PLAY? (4) HOW DOES THE PROPOSED TEACHER PROFESSIONAL LEARNING INTERVENTION IMPACT SITE AND CLASSROOM-LEVEL KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDES ABOUT SEP DURING PLAY? THESE INVESTIGATIONS WILL TAKE PLACE ACROSS MORE THAN 12 COLLABORATING PRESCHOOL AND KINDERGARTEN CLASSROOMS FROM THREE DEMOGRAPHICALLY DISTINCT AREAS. KEY DELIVERABLES INCLUDE A SERIES OF PROFESSIONAL LEARNING MODULES DESIGNED TO SUPPORT TEACHERS IN NOTICING, ENHANCING, AND EXTENDING ENGAGEMENT WITH THE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING PRACTICES THROUGH PLAY, A REFINED VERSION OF THE SCIEPOP TOOL FOR USE BY EDUCATORS IN GROWING THEIR OWN PRACTICE, AND A SERIES OF PAPERS AND PUBLICATIONS WRITTEN FOR BOTH PRACTITIONER AND RESEARCHER COMMUNITIES. THE DISCOVERY RESEARCH PREK-12 PROGRAM (DRK-12) SEEKS TO SIGNIFICANTLY ENHANCE THE LEARNING AND TEACHING OF SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING AND MATHEMATICS (STEM) BY PREK-12 STUDENTS AND TEACHERS, THROUGH RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT OF INNOVATIVE RESOURCES, MODELS AND TOOLS. PROJECTS IN THE DRK-12 PROGRAM BUILD ON FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH IN STEM EDUCATION AND PRIOR RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT EFFORTS THAT PROVIDE THEORETICAL AND EMPIRICAL JUSTIFICATION FOR PROPOSED PROJECTS. THIS PROJECT IS ALSO CO-FUNDED BY THE INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY EXPERIENCES FOR STUDENTS AND TEACHERS (ITEST) PROGRAM, WHICH SUPPORTS PROJECTS THAT BUILD UNDERSTANDINGS OF PRACTICES, PROGRAM ELEMENTS, CONTEXTS AND PROCESSES CONTRIBUTING TO INCREASING STUDENTS' KNOWLEDGE AND INTEREST IN SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING, AND MATHEMATICS (STEM) AND INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT) CAREERS. THIS AWARD REFLECTS NSF'S STATUTORY MISSION AND HAS BEEN DEEMED WORTHY OF SUPPORT THROUGH EVALUATION USING THE FOUNDATION'S INTELLECTUAL MERIT AND BROADER IMPACTS REVIEW CRITERIA.

ALLOCATION OF INSTITUTIONAL CARES ACT FUNDS TO SUPPORT BOWDOIN COLLEGE

RUI: ADULT COMPENSATORY PLASTICITY IN AN INVERTEBRATE SENSORY SYSTEM

CAREER: MECHANISMS OF CIS-/TRANS-PROMOTER COMPETITION IN DROSOPHILA

RUI: EVALUATION OF NEUROTROPHIC-LIKE PROPERTIES OF SPAETZLE-TOLL SIGNALING IN THE DEVELOPING AND ADULT CRICKET CNS -ONE OF THE MOST FUNDAMENTAL QUESTIONS IN NEUROSCIENCE IS HOW NEURONAL FLEXIBILITY OCCURS AND WHY THE CAPACITY FOR NEURONAL CHANGE GENERALLY DIMINISHES OVER THE COURSE OF AN ORGANISM?S LIFE. IN YOUNG ORGANISMS, NERVOUS SYSTEMS ARE HIGHLY PLASTIC; NEURAL CELLS CAN CHANGE THEIR SHAPE AND THEIR FUNCTION. IN OLDER NERVOUS SYSTEMS, LARGE-SCALE REORGANIZATIONS ARE UNUSUAL. CERTAIN GROWTH FACTORS, KNOWN AS NEUROTROPHINS, ARE THOUGHT TO CONTRIBUTE TO THIS EARLY NEURONAL FLEXIBILITY IN MANY ORGANISMS, FROM FLIES TO HUMANS. THE GOAL OF THIS STUDY IS TO UNDERSTAND WHETHER A FAMILY OF NEUROTROPHIC-LIKE GROWTH FACTORS INFLUENCES THE DEVELOPMENT, MAINTENANCE, AND PLASTICITY OF NEURONS IN DEVELOPING AND ADULT CRICKETS. THE CRICKET IS PARTICULARLY COMPELLING TO STUDY SINCE IT DEMONSTRATES AN UNUSUAL LEVEL OF NEURONAL FLEXIBILITY IN CIRCUITS RESPONSIBLE FOR HEARING. BECAUSE THESE GROWTH FACTORS ARE WELL-CONSERVED IN A VARIETY OF ORGANISMS, WHAT IS LEARNED FROM THESE CRICKET EXPERIMENTS WILL BE GENERALLY APPLICABLE TO CIRCUITS IN OTHER ORGANISMS. THE BROADER SCIENTIFIC IMPACT OF THE WORK WILL BE ITS CONTRIBUTION TO A DEEPER UNDERSTANDING OF THE MECHANISMS OF NERVOUS SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT AND PLASTICITY. THIS WORK WILL ALSO HAVE IMPORTANT EDUCATIONAL IMPACTS BOTH AT BOWDOIN COLLEGE AND WITHIN MAINE. UNDERGRADUATES WILL BE ACTIVE PARTICIPANTS IN THE PROPOSED SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH, AND A SPECIAL EFFORT WILL BE MADE TO IDENTIFY, SUPPORT, AND RETAIN STUDENTS FROM UNDERREPRESENTED GROUPS. IN ADDITION, THE PI AND HER STUDENTS WILL PARTICIPATE IN ANNUAL STEM OUTREACH ACTIVITIES AT LOCAL ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS AND WITH WABANAKI MIDDLE SCHOOL STUDENTS, WIDENING THE SOCIETAL IMPACT OF THE FUNDING. NEUROTROPHINS ARE KNOWN TO MEDIATE THE SURVIVAL, DIFFERENTIATION, AND PLASTICITY OF DEVELOPING AND MATURE NEURONS IN MAMMALS. THERE IS ALSO EVIDENCE FOR CROSS-TALK BETWEEN NEUROTROPHIN-TRK AND SEMAPHORIN-PLEXIN SIGNALING, WHICH SHAPES MAMMALIAN DENDRITIC MORPHOLOGY. THE ASSUMPTION THAT NEUROTROPHINS ARE ABSENT FROM INSECT NERVOUS SYSTEMS IS BEING CHALLENGED BY THE DISCOVERY OF TROPHIC-LIKE FUNCTIONALITY OF THE SPAETZLE (SPZ) AND TOLL SIGNALING PATHWAY IN DROSOPHILA. HOWEVER, ADDITIONAL EVIDENCE IS NECESSARY TO SUPPORT THE HYPOTHESIS THAT SPZ-TOLL FUNCTION IN INSECTS IS AKIN TO CANONICAL NEUROTROPHIC SIGNALING. THE CRICKET, GRYLLUS BIMACULATUS, IS SEPARATED FROM DROSOPHILA BY AN ESTIMATED 130 MILLION YEARS OF EVOLUTION. IT IS A COMPELLING MODEL IN WHICH TO EXPLORE NEUROTROPHIC SIGNALING DUE TO THE PRESENCE OF THE UNUSUAL STRUCTURAL PLASTICITY SEEN IN THE ADULT AFTER SENSORY ORGAN LOSS. THE PI AND HER STUDENTS WILL TEST THE HYPOTHESIS THAT SPZ-TOLL SIGNALING INFLUENCES THE DEVELOPMENT AND MAINTENANCE OF THE CRICKET CNS. FURTHER, THEY WILL EXPLORE WHETHER THIS SIGNALING PLAYS A CAUSATIVE ROLE IN THE DEAFFERENTATION-INDUCED PLASTICITY PRESENT IN THE CRICKET AND WILL INITIATE AN INVESTIGATION INTO WHETHER SPZ-TOLL SIGNALING INTERSECTS WITH SEMAPHORIN SIGNALING. DSRNA WILL BE USED TO MANIPULATE LEVELS OF SPZ, TOLL, SEMA OR PLEXIN CANDIDATES INDIVIDUALLY OR IN COMBINATION, AND RESULTING CHANGES IN DEVELOPMENTAL OR ADULT NEURONAL MORPHOLOGY WILL BE ASSESSED AND QUANTIFIED. GIVEN PRESUMED EVOLUTIONARY CONSERVATION OF STRATEGIES FOR NEURONAL PLASTICITY, WHAT IS LEARNED FROM THESE EXPERIMENTS USING G. BIMACULATUS WILL BE APPLICABLE TO DEVELOPING AND ADULT CIRCUITS IN A WIDE VARIETY OF OTHER ORGANISMS. THIS PROJECT IS JOINTLY FUNDED BY THE NEURAL SYSTEMS CLUSTER'S ORGANIZATION PROGRAM AND THE ESTABLISHED PROGRAM TO STIMULATE COMPETITIVE RESEARCH (EPSCOR). THIS AWARD REFLECTS NSF'S STATUTORY MISSION AND HAS BEEN DEEMED WORTHY OF SUPPORT THROUGH EVALUATION USING THE FOUNDATION'S INTELLECTUAL MERIT AND BROADER IMPACTS REVIEW CRITERIA.

CAREER: ADAPTING TO LIFE WITH A DASH OF SALT: ECO-EVOLUTIONARY CONSEQUENCES OF FRESHWATER SALINIZATION -LAKES PROVIDE IMPORTANT SERVICES TO COMMUNITIES ACROSS THE UNITED STATES, INCLUDING RECREATION, DRINKING WATER, AND HABITAT FOR FISH AND WILDLIFE. YET MANY LAKES ARE BECOMING SALTIER, MAINLY DUE TO ROAD RUNOFF AND SEA LEVEL RISE. WHILE TOO MUCH SALT CAN BE TOXIC, VERY LOW LEVELS OF SALT CAN ALSO STRESS AQUATIC LIFE. IN PLACES LIKE COASTAL MAINE, LAKES SPAN A WIDE RANGE OF SALINITY DUE TO NATURAL FACTORS AND HUMAN INFLUENCE. THIS PROJECT STUDIES HOW CHANGING SALT LEVELS AFFECT LAKE FOOD WEBS, FOCUSING ON DAPHNIA?A TINY FRESHWATER GRAZER THAT HELPS KEEP ALGAL BLOOMS IN CHECK AND SERVES AS FOOD FOR FISH. DAPHNIA CAN EVOLVE QUICKLY?WITHIN JUST A FEW GENERATIONS?MAKING THEM A POWERFUL MODEL FOR STUDYING HOW RAPID ADAPTATION TO ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE CAN RIPPLE THROUGH ECOSYSTEMS. UNDERSTANDING HOW DAPHNIA COPE WITH SALT STRESS COULD HELP EXPLAIN AND PREDICT CHANGES IN WATER CLARITY AND FISH POPULATIONS. IN ADDITION TO ADVANCING SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE, THIS RESEARCH WILL CREATE HANDS-ON RESEARCH OPPORTUNITIES FOR UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS, INTEGRATE LOCAL FIELDWORK AND LAB EXPERIMENTS INTO COLLEGE COURSES, AND PARTNER WITH STATE AGENCIES AND CITIZEN SCIENTISTS TO SUPPORT LAKE STEWARDSHIP. THE PROJECT INVESTIGATES HOW ECOLOGICAL AND EVOLUTIONARY RESPONSES TO SALINITY SHAPE FRESHWATER LAKE ECOSYSTEMS. THE RESEARCH INTEGRATES FIELD SURVEYS OF ZOOPLANKTON AND PHYTOPLANKTON COMMUNITIES ACROSS A NATURAL SALINITY GRADIENT IN COASTAL MAINE LAKES, LABORATORY COMMON GARDEN EXPERIMENTS QUANTIFYING LOCAL ADAPTATION IN DAPHNIA AMBIGUA POPULATIONS, AND POPULATION GENOMIC ANALYSES TO CHARACTERIZE SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL PATTERNS OF SALT TOLERANCE. COMPLEMENTARY MESOCOSM EXPERIMENTS MANIPULATE SALINITY AND RESOURCE AVAILABILITY TO TEST HOW SALT-DRIVEN EVOLUTIONARY CHANGES IN DAPHNIA INFLUENCE CONSUMER-RESOURCE DYNAMICS, POTENTIALLY INTENSIFYING HERBIVORY WITH CONSEQUENT EVOLUTIONARY FEEDBACKS. BY LINKING PHENOTYPIC AND GENETIC VARIATION IN A KEYSTONE HERBIVORE TO COMMUNITY- AND ECOSYSTEM-LEVEL OUTCOMES, THIS PROJECT WILL CONTRIBUTE TO A MECHANISTIC UNDERSTANDING OF ECO-EVOLUTIONARY DYNAMICS IN NATURE. FINDINGS WILL INFORM BOTH THEORY IN EVOLUTIONARY ECOLOGY AND THE MANAGEMENT OF FRESHWATER SYSTEMS EXPERIENCING SALINIZATION DUE TO LAND-USE CHANGE AND RISING SEA LEVELS. THIS AWARD REFLECTS NSF'S STATUTORY MISSION AND HAS BEEN DEEMED WORTHY OF SUPPORT THROUGH EVALUATION USING THE FOUNDATION'S INTELLECTUAL MERIT AND BROADER IMPACTS REVIEW CRITERIA.- SUBAWARDS ARE NOT PLANNED FOR THIS AWARD.

RUI: CELL WALL ASSOCIATED KINASES AS PECTIN RECEPTORS

COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: RUI: DIVERSITY OF MODULATION AND FUNCTIONAL FLEXIBILITY IN SMALL NEURONAL NETWORKS: AN EVOLUTIONARY AND MECHANISTIC APPROACH

RUI: CELL WALL ASSOCIATED PROTEIN KINASES

RUI: COORDINATED MODULATION OF A MULTI-LAYERED NEUROMUSCULAR SYSTEM

COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: DEVELOPING A MODELING ORIENTATION TO SCIENCE: TEACHING AND LEARNING VARIABILITY AND CHANGE IN ECOSYSTEMS

SATELLITE REMOTE SENSING OF OCEAN COLOR HAS PROVIDED AN UNPRECEDENTED TEMPORA/SPATIAL DATA SET OF GLOBAL PHYTOPLANKTON BIOMASS SUFFICIENT FOR INVESTI

CAREER: FOSTERING INNOVATIVE SCIENTISTS THROUGH DEVELOPMENT OF BIOMIMETIC CATALYSTS FOR DISCOVERY OF NEW MEDICINES.

DECIPHERING HELICOBACTER PYLORI'S GLYCOCODE: UNCOVERING AND HARNESSING DRUG TARGETS - ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANT BACTERIAL PATHOGENS CAUSE MORE THAN 2.8 MILLION NEW INFECTIONS AND 32,000 DEATHS EACH YEAR IN THE US,1 INDICATING THE INEFFECTIVENESS OF OUR EXISTING ARSENAL OF ANTIBIOTICS. EVEN WHEN ANTIBIOTICS ARE EFFECTIVE AT ERADICATING INFECTION, MOST ARE INHERENTLY NONSPECIFIC FOR PATHOGENS AND HAVE UNINTENDED CONSE- QUENCES ON BENEFICIAL MICROBIOTA.2 BACTERIAL CELL SURFACE GLYCANS ARE QUINTESSENTIAL DRUG TARGETS DUE TO THEIR CRITICAL ROLE IN COLONIZATION OF THE HOST, PATHOGEN SURVIVAL, AND IMMUNE EVASION.3-5 DESPITE THE IMPORTANCE OF GLYCAN BIOSYNTHESIS AS A VIRULENCE FACTOR, THE SYSTEMATIC STUDY AND INHIBITION OF BACTERIAL GLYCANS REMAINS CHAL- LENGING DUE TO THEIR UTILIZATION OF RARE DEOXY AMINO SUGARS AND THEIR PRODUCTION OF PRODUCTS THAT ARE REFRACTORY TO TRADITIONAL GLYCAN ANALYSIS. THE DEPLOYMENT OF CHEMICAL TOOLS TO STUDY BACTERIAL GLYCANS IS A CRUCIAL STEP TOWARD DEVELOPING NEW GLYCOSYLATION-BASED STRATEGIES TO ERADICATE PATHOGENIC INFECTIONS. MY LABORATORY SEEKS TO APPLY METABOLIC OLIGOSACCHARIDE ENGINEERING (MOE) TOOLS AND DEVELOP NEW TOOLS TO STUDY AND PERTURB GLYCAN BIOSYN- THESIS IN THE GASTRIC PATHOGEN HELICOBACTER PYLORI (HP). THE CENTRAL HYPOTHESIS OF THE APPLICATION IS THAT MOE WITH UNNATURAL MONOSACCHARIDES, INCLUDING RARE BACTERIAL MONOSACCHARIDE REPORTERS,11 METABOLIC GLYCAN INHIBI- TORS, AND NOVEL PHOTOCROSSLINKING SUGARS, WILL REVEAL THE ROLE OF HP GLYCANS IN MEDIATING ADHESION TO HOST CELLS, THE IDENTITY OF PROTEINS ON HOST CELLS THAT ENGAGE IN BINDING INTERACTIONS WITH HP GLYCANS, AND THE ROLE OF HP GLY- CANS IN ONCOGENESIS. OUR HYPOTHESIS HAS BEEN FORMULATED ON THE BASIS OF STRONG PRELIMINARY DATA PRODUCED IN MY LABORATORY, INCLUDING THE USE OF MOE TO INSTALL DETECTABLE REPORTERS INTO BACTERIAL GLYCANS,9-11 THUS PERMITTING THE DISCOVERY OF A PROTEIN GLYCOSYLATION SYSTEM,12, 13 THE IDENTIFICATION OF GLYCOSYLATION GENES,14 THE DEVELOPMENT OF METABOLIC GLYCAN INHIBITORS,15 AND THE MODULATION OF THE HOST IMMUNE RESPONSE. THE PROPOSED WORK WILL RE- VEAL MOLECULAR-LEVEL DETAILS ABOUT GLYCAN-MEDIATED HOST-PATHOGEN INTERACTIONS, RESULTING IN INNOVATIVE AP- PROACHES TO TREAT BACTERIAL INFECTION. THE CENTRAL HYPOTHESIS WILL BE TESTED BY PURSUING THREE SPECIFIC AIMS. IN AIM 1, AN ORDERED COLLECTION OF GLYCOSYLATION MUTANTS AND METABOLIC INHIBITORS THAT DISRUPT GLYCAN BIOSYNTHESIS WILL BE USED TO PROBE THE ROLE OF HP GLYCANS IN ADHESION TO HOST CELLS, REVEALING THE PRECISE ROLES OF DIFFERENT CLASSES OF HP GLYCANS IN HOST-PATHOGEN INTERACTIONS. IN AIM 2, NOVEL PHOTOCROSSLINKING BACTERIAL SUGARS WILL BE USED TO LABEL HP GLYCANS, ALLOWING COVALENT TRAPPING, ENRICHMENT, AND IDENTIFICATION OF PROTEINS ON HOST CELLS THAT INTERACT WITH HP GLYCANS. IN AIM 3, METABOLIC GLYCAN LABELING AND GLYCOPROTEOMICS WILL BE USED TO PINPOINT GLYCAN CHANGES THAT OCCUR IN ONCOGENIC HP, AND GENETIC AND SMALL MOLECULE APPROACHES WILL BE USED TO RE- STORE HP GLYCANS TO A SYMBIOTIC STATE. THE PROPOSED WORK WILL YIELD INSIGHT INTO WHICH HP GLYCANS MEDIATE HOST CELL BINDING AND RECOGNITION, THE IDENTITIES OF HOST CELL RECEPTORS THAT BIND TO HP GLYCANS, AND THE STRUCTURAL CHANGES THAT HP GLYCANS UNDERGO UPON BACTERIAL TRANSFORMATION TO AN ONCOGENIC STATE. BROADLY, THIS WORK WILL INTRODUCE APPROACHES TO STUDY AND HARNESS GLYCANS OF PRIORITY PATHOGENS TO CREATE URGENTLY NEEDED ANTIBIOTICS.

CAS: CAREER: BRIDGING PHOTOACIDS AND PHOTOBASES WITH SCHIFF BASE PLATFORMS -IN THIS CAREER PROJECT, JOINTLY FUNDED BY THE CHEMICAL STRUCTURE, DYNAMICS & MECHANISMS-B (CSDM-B) PROGRAM OF THE CHEMISTRY DIVISION AND THE ESTABLISHED PROGRAM TO STIMULATE COMPETITIVE RESEARCH (EPSCOR), KANA TAKEMATSU OF THE DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY AND BIOCHEMISTRY AT BOWDOIN COLLEGE IS DEVELOPING NEW CLASSES OF MOLECULES THAT ARE DESIGNED TO UNDERGO THE EXCHANGE OF PROTONS IN RESPONSE TO LIGHT. THE LIGHT-INITIATED MOVEMENT OF PROTONS HAS MYRIAD CHEMICAL IMPLICATIONS, INCLUDING IN THE HARNESSING OF SOLAR ENERGY. THE GOAL OF THIS RESEARCH IS TO STUDY HOW THE CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THESE MOLECULES AND THEIR ENVIRONMENT AFFECT THEIR ABILITY TO EXCHANGE PROTONS EFFECTIVELY, INFORMATION THAT WILL BE USED TO DESIGN PHOTO-ACIDS AND PHOTO-BASES FOR TARGETED APPLICATIONS. THE PROJECT WILL BE CONDUCTED BY A TEAM OF UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS FROM DIVERSE BACKGROUNDS, SUPPORTING AN INCLUSIVE RESEARCH CULTURE THAT FOSTERS SCIENCE IDENTITY AND BELONGING IN STUDENTS. LABORATORY MODULES WILL BE CREATED AND EMBEDDED INTO COURSES TO INTRODUCE STUDENTS TO THE FIELD OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY, AND STUDENTS WILL HAVE THE OPPORTUNITY TO BECOME PART OF THE BROADER SCIENTIFIC COMMUNITY THROUGH COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH PROJECTS AND MEETINGS. PHOTO-ACIDS AND PHOTO-BASES ALLOW TEMPORAL AND SPATIAL CONTROL OF PROTON DONATION AND ABSTRACTION VIA LIGHT. DESIGNING PHOTO-ACIDS AND PHOTO-BASES FOR DESIRED APPLICATIONS REQUIRES A FUNDAMENTAL UNDERSTANDING OF THE DRIVING FORCES AND SOLVENT PARAMETERS THAT PROMOTE EXCITED STATE PROTON TRANSFER (ESPT). THE PROPOSED PROJECT UTILIZES THE CHEMICAL MODULARITY OF SCHIFF BASE CHEMISTRY TO BUILD PHOTO-ACIDS AND PHOTO-BASES FOR DETAILED MECHANISTIC STUDIES OF ESPT AND EXCITED STATE INTRAMOLECULAR PROTON TRANSFER. INHERENT IN THIS DESIGN IS A CARBON-NITROGEN DOUBLE BOND CAPABLE OF PHOTO-ISOMERIZATION THAT CAN POTENTIALLY TRIGGER A STRUCTURAL REARRANGEMENT COUPLED TO ESPT. IN THIS PROJECT, AIM 1 WILL TEST WHETHER THE SCHIFF BASE TEMPLATE PROVIDES A SUITABLE SCAFFOLD FOR NAPHTHOL PHOTO-ACID DERIVATIVES. AIM 2 WILL TEST WHETHER THE SCHIFF BASE TEMPLATE PROVIDES A SUITABLE SCAFFOLD FOR QUINOLINE PHOTO-BASE DERIVATIVES. AND AIM 3 BUILDS ON THESE PLATFORMS TO TEST WHETHER CARBON-NITROGEN DOUBLE BOND PHOTO-ISOMERIZATION CAN BE COUPLED TO ESPT THROUGH ADDITION OF PYRIDINE-BASED PROTON ACCEPTORS AND PHENOL-BASED PROTON DONORS TO THE SCAFFOLD. THIS AWARD REFLECTS NSF'S STATUTORY MISSION AND HAS BEEN DEEMED WORTHY OF SUPPORT THROUGH EVALUATION USING THE FOUNDATION'S INTELLECTUAL MERIT AND BROADER IMPACTS REVIEW CRITERIA.

COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: COMPCOG: MODELING SEARCH WITHIN THE MENTAL LEXICON -SEARCHING FOR THE RIGHT WORD IN OUR MENTAL DICTIONARY - SOMETIMES CALLED OUR MENTAL LEXICON - IS SOMETHING THAT HUMANS DO FREQUENTLY AND MOSTLY WITH GREAT EASE. THE CURRENT RESEARCH IS DESIGNED TO BETTER UNDERSTAND THE MECHANISMS THAT UNDERLIE MEMORY SEARCH FOR WORDS, WHICH HELPS US BETTER UNDERSTAND HOW WORDS ARE ORGANIZED AND RETRIEVED IN THE MIND. FURTHERMORE, FAILURES OF THIS SEARCH PROCESS, WHICH SHOW UP AS WORD-FINDING DIFFICULTIES OR HAVING WORDS ON THE TIP OF YOUR TONGUE, CAN BE SYMPTOMATIC OF CERTAIN CLINICAL DISORDERS, AND A STRONGER THEORY OF HOW THIS KIND OF MEMORY SEARCH WORKS CAN INFORM OUR UNDERSTANDING OF WHY IT SOMETIMES FAILS. THE PROPOSED RESEARCH LEVERAGES RECENT ADVANCES IN MACHINE LEARNING, NETWORK SCIENCE, AND GAMIFICATION. WORD SEARCH IS CONCEPTUALIZED WITHIN A MEMORY SYSTEM THAT INCLUDES BOTH INFORMATION ABOUT A WORD'S MEANING (E.G. THAT A DOG IS A TYPE OF ANIMAL) AND INFORMATION ABOUT A WORD'S SOUNDS (E.G., THAT DOG AND DOT START WITH THE SAME SOUNDS). THIS RESEARCH INFORMS THE USE AND INTERPRETATION OF CLINICAL MEASURES OF MEMORY SEARCH AS WELL AS PROMOTE PARTICIPATION FROM UNDERREPRESENTED IDENTITIES IN STEM GENERALLY AND COGNITIVE SCIENCE SPECIFICALLY. THIS COLLABORATIVE PROPOSAL BRINGS TOGETHER RESEARCHERS IN PSYCHOLINGUISTICS, NETWORK SCIENCE, AND LANGUAGE MODELING TO DEVELOP A UNIFIED COMPUTATIONAL FRAMEWORK TO STUDY LEXICAL SEARCH AND RETRIEVAL USING A TASK THAT IS WIDELY USED IN BOTH BASIC SCIENCE AND CLINICAL SETTINGS: THE FLUENCY TASK. IN THIS TASK, PARTICIPANTS ARE ASKED TO NAME AS MANY WORDS AS THEY CAN IN A CERTAIN AMOUNT OF TIME THAT ALL FIT WITH A CATEGORY (E.G. TYPES OF ANIMALS). THE PROPOSED WORK TESTS THE CENTRAL HYPOTHESIS THAT MEMORY SEARCH UNFOLDS VIA COMPLEX INTERACTIONS BETWEEN DIFFERENT SOURCES OF INFORMATION AS WELL AS INDIVIDUAL VARIATION BASED ON OUR UNIQUE EXPERIENCES IN THE WORLD. OUR APPROACH INVOLVES DESIGNING A GAMIFIED, WEB-BASED FLUENCY EXPERIMENT TO GENERATE A LARGE BEHAVIORAL DATASET OF VERBAL FLUENCY AND USING NOVEL COMPUTATIONAL APPROACHES BASED ON TWO FUNDAMENTAL SEARCH MECHANISMS (OPTIMAL FORAGING AND RANDOM WALKS) TO ACCOUNT FOR WHICH WORDS ARE PRODUCED IN WHAT ORDER. WITH THIS APPROACH, WE WILL EVALUATE THE INTERACTION OF MEANING AND SOUND INFORMATION, AND ACCOUNT FOR THE VARIANCE OBSERVED IN HOW DIFFERENT INDIVIDUALS PERFORM ON THESE TASKS. THE PROPOSED GAMIFIED WEB-BASED FLUENCY TASK, COMBINED WITH THEORY-DRIVEN, BOTTOM-UP COMPUTATIONAL MODELS OF KNOWLEDGE REPRESENTATION AND MEMORY SEARCH HAVE THE POTENTIAL TO GENERATE AN UNPRECEDENTED AMOUNT OF FLUENCY DATA, UNCOVER NOVEL INSIGHTS ABOUT MEMORY SEARCH, AND OPEN UP NEW LINES OF INQUIRY THAT CUT ACROSS FIELDS OF PSYCHOLOGY AND LINGUISTICS, THEREBY LEADING TO A MORE ROBUST AND UNIFIED COGNITIVE THEORY OF MEMORY SEARCH. THIS PROJECT IS JOINTLY FUNDED BY THE PERCEPTION, ACTION AND COGNITION PROGRAM AND THE ESTABLISHED PROGRAM TO STIMULATE COMPETITIVE RESEARCH (EPSCOR). THIS AWARD REFLECTS NSF'S STATUTORY MISSION AND HAS BEEN DEEMED WORTHY OF SUPPORT THROUGH EVALUATION USING THE FOUNDATION'S INTELLECTUAL MERIT AND BROADER IMPACTS REVIEW CRITERIA.

MRI: ACQUISITION OF A SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPE (SEM) WITH EDS, EBSD AND CL DETECTORS TO ADVANCE RESEARCH AND UNDERGRADUATE RESEARCH TRAINING

COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: RUI: MOLECULAR MECHANISMS AND PHYSIOLOGICAL TRIGGERS UNDERLYING NEUROMODULATOR PLASTICITY IN A LOBSTER PATTERN GENERATOR

QUANTIFYING UNCERTAINTIES IN PHYTOPLANKTON ABSORPTION COEFFICIENTS FOR ACCURATE VALIDATION OF THE PACE OCEAN COLOR SENSOR: MOVING TOWARDS SATELLITE R

RUI: CELL WALL ASSOCIATED PROTEIN KINASES AS PECTIN RECEPTORS

KNOW YOUR NEIGHBORS: INVESTIGATING THE INFLUENCE OF GENE CO-LOCALIZATION ON TRANSCRIPTIONAL DYNAMICS

COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: RUI: LIFE HISTORY STRATEGIES WITHIN A POPULATION DEPEND ON CELLULAR AND ORGANISMAL TRAITS THAT UNDERLIE DIFFERENCES IN RESOURCE ACQUISITION AND ALLOCATION -ALL ORGANISMS NEED ENERGY TO FUEL THE BIOLOGICAL PROCESSES OF LIFE. IN GENERAL, THIS ENERGY CAN BE ALLOCATED TO THREE BROAD CATEGORIES: GROWTH, SELF-MAINTENANCE, AND REPRODUCTION. SAID IN ANOTHER WAY, ORGANISMS CAN ALLOCATE ACQUIRED ENERGY TO GROW THEIR BODY TO ACHIEVE A LARGER SIZE, TO REPAIR AND MAINTAIN THEIR BODY TO LIVE LONGER, OR TO REPRODUCE AND CREATE THE NEW BODIES OF THEIR OFFSPRING. HOWEVER ENERGY IS LIMITING, SO IF MORE IS INVESTED INTO GROWTH, LESS CAN BE INVESTED INTO SELF-MAINTENANCE AND REPRODUCTION. THIS RESULTS IN ALLOCATION TRADE-OFFS, WHERE SOME INDIVIDUALS ARE BETTER AT GROWING, WHILE OTHERS MAY BE ABLE TO ATTAIN EXTREME LONGEVITY. WHILE THESE PATTERNS GENERALLY HOLD IN ANIMALS, IN MANY SPECIES SCIENTIST?S OBSERVE CERTAIN INDIVIDUALS WHO APPEAR TO BE ABLE TO DO IT ALL WITH FEW CONSEQUENCES, BUT LITTLE IS KNOWN ABOUT HOW THIS OCCURS. THIS PROPOSAL STUDIES A LONG-LIVED SEABIRD, LEACH'S STORM-PETRELS, THAT HAS BEEN STUDIED CONTINUOUSLY AT OUR SITE FOR THE PAST 70 YEARS. THIS HAS REVEALED THAT WHILE WE HAVE MANY INDIVIDUALS WHO SHOW THE EXPECTED ALLOCATION TRADE-OFFS THERE ARE ALSO MANY THAT SOMEHOW HAVE ESCAPED THAT TRADE-OFF. OUR WORK EXPLORES THE MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR PROCESSES THAT UNDERLIE THE ABILITY TO AVOID THIS TRADE-OFF. THIS WORK IS FOCUSED ON A FUNDAMENTAL QUESTION IN BIOLOGY, AND WILL HELP US TO UNDERSTAND HOW MOLECULAR PROCESSES AND ORGANISMAL PERFORMANCE AFFECT LONGEVITY. THIS WORK ALSO STRONGLY SUPPORTS UNDERGRADUATE SCIENCE EDUCATION, AND WILL RESULT IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF INQUIRY-BASED SCIENTIFIC MODULES USED IN MIDDLE SCHOOL AND HIGH SCHOOL CLASSROOMS. FACTORS DRIVING THE EVOLUTION OF DIVERSE LIFE HISTORY STRATEGIES BOTH WITHIN AND BETWEEN SPECIES REMAIN A FUNDAMENTAL QUESTION IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY. BECAUSE RESOURCES ARE FINITE, MANY LIFE HISTORY TRAITS ARE SUBJECT TO INTRINSIC TRADE-OFFS. HOWEVER, THEORETICAL MODELS HAVE PROPOSED THAT VARIATION IN INDIVIDUAL ACQUISITION OF RESOURCES CAN PRODUCE APPARENT POSITIVE CORRELATIONS BETWEEN INVESTMENT IN REPRODUCTION AND INVESTMENT IN SURVIVAL INSTEAD OF THE EXPECTED TRADE-OFF. THIS PROPOSAL TESTS THESE MODELS BY EXAMINING PHENOTYPIC VARIATION IN STRATEGIES TO BALANCE THE TRADE-OFF BETWEEN CURRENT REPRODUCTION AND SURVIVAL IN A LONG-LIVED SEABIRD, LEACH'S STORM-PETRELS (HYDROBATES LEUCORHOUS), THAT HAS BEEN STUDIED CONTINUOUSLY AT OUR SITE SINCE 1953. THIS PROPOSAL HAS THREE PRIMARY OBJECTIVES: 1) TO BETTER UNDERSTAND THE MOLECULAR, CELLULAR, AND ORGANISMAL PERFORMANCE TRAITS THAT UNDERLIE THE OBSERVED VARIATION IN TRADE-OFF STRATEGIES IN THIS POPULATION, AND 2) TO DETERMINE IF INDIVIDUALS WHO APPEAR TO ESCAPE THE TRADE-OFF DO SO VIA HIGHER FORAGING EFFICIENCY AS PROPOSED IN THEORETICAL MODELS, AND 3) TO DETERMINE WHETHER THESE TRADE-OFF STRATEGIES ARE FIXED OR PLASTIC IN RESPONSE TO ENVIRONMENTAL VARIABILITY. THE PROPOSED RESEARCH IS INFORMED BY OUR 70-YEAR DEMOGRAPHIC DATA SET, AND UTILIZES (I) A COMBINATION OF NOVEL TECHNOLOGY AND MOLECULAR TOOLS TO UNDERSTAND THE MOLECULAR, CELLULAR, AND ORGANISMAL PERFORMANCE TRAITS THAT UNDERLIE THE OBSERVED VARIATION IN TRADE-OFF STRATEGIES, AND (II) EXPERIMENTAL MANIPULATIONS TO EXPLORE WHETHER THESE STRATEGIES ARE FIXED OR PLASTIC. THIS PROJECT IS JOINTLY FUNDED BY THE INTEGRATIVE ECOLOGICAL PHYSIOLOGY PROGRAM AND THE ESTABLISHED PROGRAM TO STIMULATE COMPETITIVE RESEARCH (EPSCOR). THIS AWARD REFLECTS NSF'S STATUTORY MISSION AND HAS BEEN DEEMED WORTHY OF SUPPORT THROUGH EVALUATION USING THE FOUNDATION'S INTELLECTUAL MERIT AND BROADER IMPACTS REVIEW CRITERIA.

RUI: SUGAR PROBES TO TRACK UTILIZATION, UPTAKE, AND PROCESSING OF MONOSACCHARIDES BY BACTERIA -WITH THE SUPPORT OF THE CHEMISTRY OF LIFE PROCESSES (CLP) PROGRAM IN THE DIVISION OF CHEMISTRY, PROFESSOR DANIELLE DUBE FROM BOWDOIN COLLEGE IS DEVELOPING SUGAR PROBES TO FACILITATE THE STUDY OF BACTERIAL CARBOHYDRATES. BACTERIA COAT THEIR CELL SURFACES WITH A DENSE ARRAY OF COMPLEX SUGARS, TERMED GLYCANS, THAT ARE CRITICALLY IMPORTANT FOR BACTERIA TO INTERACT WITH OTHER CELLS AND TO SURVIVE. DESPITE THE IMPORTANCE OF BACTERIAL GLYCANS IN BACTERIAL SURVIVAL, THEIR SYSTEMATIC STUDY AND PERTURBATION REMAIN CHALLENGING. THE PROPOSED EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES WILL DEVELOP NEW SUGAR PROBES FOR TRACKING UTILIZATION, UPTAKE, AND PROCESSING OF SUGARS BY BACTERIA. IDENTIFYING WHICH GLYCAN STRUCTURES ARE PRESENT ON WHICH BACTERIAL CELLS COULD REVEAL FUNDAMENTAL INSIGHT INTO THE ROLE OF THESE STRUCTURES, AS WELL AS AID IN ANTIBIOTIC AND VACCINE DEVELOPMENT. OVER THE COURSE OF THE PROJECT, UNDERGRADUATE RESEARCHERS WILL BE RECRUITED FROM PROGRAMS AT THE COLLEGE THAT SERVE WOMEN AND HISTORICALLY EXCLUDED STUDENTS, AND THEY WILL PURSUE SUSTAINED RESEARCH PROJECTS IN A MENTORING NETWORK. MORE BROADLY, THE PROJECT HAS THE POTENTIAL TO BROADEN THE VISIBILITY OF WOMEN AND PEOPLE OF COLOR IN THE CHEMICAL GLYCOBIOLOGY COMMUNITY THROUGH A SERIES OF SYMPOSIA AT NATIONAL MEETINGS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY. TAKEN TOGETHER, THIS WORK COULD SPUR THE NEXT GENERATION OF STUDENTS TO PERSIST AND THRIVE IN SCIENCE. THIS RESEARCH PROJECT SEEKS TO LEVERAGE BACTERIAL MONOSACCHARIDE ANALOGS TO YIELD INSIGHT INTO OPTIMAL PARAMETERS FOR PROBE DESIGN, MONOSACCHARIDE UPTAKE, AND GLYCAN TAILORING ENZYMES PRESENT WITHIN BACTERIA. CORRELATING MONOSACCHARIDE-BASED REPORTER USAGE AND ESTERASE ACTIVITY LEVELS IN A RANGE OF BACTERIA PROVIDES INCISIVE TOOLS FOR PROBING BACTERIAL GLYCANS. DEVELOPING FLUORESCENT MONOSACCHARIDE ANALOGS TO TRACK UPTAKE BY LIVE BACTERIA COULD ALLOW A BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF THE MECHANISMS CONTROLLING MONOSACCHARIDE PENETRATION INTO BACTERIAL CELLS. GENERATING FLUOROGENIC GLYCOSIDE SUBSTRATES FACILITATES THE ANALYSIS AND IDENTIFICATION OF GLYCAN-PROCESSING ENZYMES IN LIVE BACTERIAL CELLS AND LYSATES. THE CREATION OF ENABLING TOOLS HAS POTENTIAL UTILITY FOR GLYCOSCIENTISTS PURSUING BASIC AND APPLIED RESEARCH IN A RANGE OF BACTERIAL SYSTEMS. THIS AWARD REFLECTS NSF'S STATUTORY MISSION AND HAS BEEN DEEMED WORTHY OF SUPPORT THROUGH EVALUATION USING THE FOUNDATION'S INTELLECTUAL MERIT AND BROADER IMPACTS REVIEW CRITERIA.

RUI: VOSS: THE POTENTIAL FOR SOCIAL NETWORKING CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE TO FACILITATE VIRTUAL ORGANIZATION BREEDING GROUNDS

IDENTIFYING THE ROLE OF THETA OSCILLATIONS IN THE TRANSIENT NETWORK DYNAMICS INVOLVED IN EPISODIC MEMORY

MRI CONSORTIUM: ACQUISITION OF LC-MS/MS INSTRUMENTATION FOR UNDERGRADUATE RESEARCH AND EDUCATION

CELLULAR ANALYSIS OF HEDGEHOG SIGNALING IN ZEBRAFISH TOOTH DEVELOPMENT

RUI: RAPID EFFECTS OF SEX STEROIDS ON VISUAL PROCESSES RELATED TO SOCIAL COMMUNICATION

CHEMICAL TOOLS TO UNDERSTAND AND TARGET HELICOBACTER PYLORI GLYCOSYLATION

RUI: COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: MATHEMATICS AND CLIMATE CHANGE RESEARCH NETWORK

NNA: COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: MSB-FRA: PEAT EXPANSION IN ARCTIC TUNDRA - PATTERN, PROCESS, AND THE IMPLICATION FOR THE CARBON CYCLE (TUNDRAPEAT)

COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: RUI: SENSITIVITY OF CIRCUM-ARCTIC PEATLAND CARBON TO HOLOCENE WARM CLIMATES AND CLIMATE SEASONALITY

RI: SMALL: COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: RUI: INFLUENCE GAMES: A GAME-THEORETIC APPROACH TO STRATEGIC BEHAVIOR IN NETWORKS

RUI: STUDIES IN NUMERICAL RELATIVITY -EINSTEIN?S THEORY OF GENERAL RELATIVITY DESCRIBES ALL GRAVITATIONAL INTERACTIONS IN THE UNIVERSE, RANGING FROM THE FORCE THAT PULLS A FALLING APPLE TO THE EARTH, TO THE EXPANSION OF THE UNIVERSE ITSELF. IN PARTICULAR, THIS THEORY DESCRIBES BLACK HOLES AND NEUTRON STARS ? SO-CALLED COMPACT OBJECTS THAT HAVE EXTREMELY STRONG GRAVITATIONAL FIELDS. THE GOAL OF THIS AWARD IS TO STUDY WHAT HAPPENS WHEN SUCH AN OBJECT COLLIDES WITH A LARGER STAR: WOULD SUCH A COLLISION BE OBSERVABLE, WOULD THE REMNANT OF THE COLLISION FORM A NEW TYPE OF STAR, OR WOULD IT COLLAPSE TO FORM ANOTHER BLACK HOLE, POSSIBLY IN AN UNUSUAL MASS RANGE? ANSWERS TO THESE QUESTIONS WILL HELP SHED LIGHT ON THE ABUNDANCE OF COMPACT OBJECTS, INCLUDING VERY SMALL BLACK HOLES THAT MAY HAVE FORMED IN THE EARLY UNIVERSE AND THAT MAY CONTRIBUTE TO ITS DARK-MATTER CONTENT, AND WILL HELP UNDERSTAND RECENT OBSERVATIONS BY THE LIGO GRAVITATIONAL WAVE DETECTORS OF BLACK HOLES WITH UNUSUAL MASSES. FINDING THESE ANSWERS REQUIRES THE TOOLS OF NUMERICAL RELATIVITY, I.E. COMPUTER PROGRAMS THAT CAN FIND SOLUTIONS TO EINSTEIN?S EQUATIONS OF GENERAL RELATIVITY NUMERICALLY. UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS WILL PARTICIPATE IN THESE ACTIVITIES, PROVIDING THEM WITH A ?HANDS-ON? RESEARCH EXPERIENCE, AND GENERATING A RESEARCH-ENRICHED LEARNING ENVIRONMENT AT BOWDOIN COLLEGE. THE SCIENTIFIC GOALS OF THESE RESEARCH EFFORTS INCLUDE THE DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF NUMERICAL ALGORITHMS FOR THE SOLUTION OF EINSTEIN'S EQUATIONS OF GENERAL RELATIVITY, AS WELL AS THEIR APPLICATION IN THE NUMERICAL MODELING OF RELATIVISTIC OBJECTS, IN PARTICULAR NEUTRON STARS AND BLACK HOLES. IN THE NEXT FUNDING PERIOD THESE ACTIVITIES WILL FOCUS ON SO-CALLED THORNE-ZYTKOW-LIKE-OBJECTS, I.E. LARGER HOST STARS THAT HARBOR SMALLER COMPACT OBJECTS AS PARASITES. EXAMPLES INCLUDE NEUTRON STARS THAT HARBOR SMALL BLACK HOLES, POSSIBLY OF PRIMORDIAL ORIGIN, WHITE DWARFS THAT HARBOR NEUTRON STARS, AND MAIN SEQUENCE STARS THAT HARBOR BLACK HOLES OR NEUTRON STARS. SPECIFIC RESEARCH ACTIVITIES WILL EXPLORE PROCESSES BY WHICH THESE OBJECTS MAY FORM, INCLUDING CAPTURE AND/OR BINARY MERGER, AND WILL DETERMINE WHETHER OR NOT THEY ARE DYNAMICALLY STABLE, WHETHER THEIR CO-EVOLUTION AND ULTIMATE COLLAPSE RESULTS IN OBSERVABLE GRAVITATIONAL-WAVE OR ELECTROMAGNETIC SIGNALS, AND WHETHER THESE SCENARIOS PROVIDE VIABLE EVOLUTIONARY PATHWAYS TO BLACK HOLES OUTSIDE THE MASS RANGES RESULTING FROM STANDARD STELLAR EVOLUTION. THIS AWARD REFLECTS NSF'S STATUTORY MISSION AND HAS BEEN DEEMED WORTHY OF SUPPORT THROUGH EVALUATION USING THE FOUNDATION'S INTELLECTUAL MERIT AND BROADER IMPACTS REVIEW CRITERIA.

COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: RUI: LANDSCAPE-LEVEL CONTROLS ON TERRESTRIAL, AQUATIC, AND WETLAND RESPONSES TO CLIMATE CHANGE IN THE SOUTHERN CANADIAN ARCTI

RI: SMALL: RUI: SPATIAL PROTOTYPES

RUI: WOU-MMA: STUDIES IN NUMERICAL RELATIVITY

BOWDOIN COLLEGE WILL IMPROVE BOTH PHYSICAL AND DIGITAL ACCESS TO THE COLLECTIONS OF ITS TWO MUSEUMS, THE BOWDOIN COLLEGE MUSEUM OF ART AND THE PEARY-MACMILLAN ARCTIC MUSEUM. THE PROJECT TEAM WILL CONSOLIDATE THE MUSEUMS' COLLECTIONS INTO A NEWLY-RENOVATED, CLIMATE-CONTROLLED STORAGE FACILITY. LED BY COLLECTIONS STAFF FROM BOTH MUSEUMS, THE PROJECT TEAM WILL INCLUDE AN ART HANDLER, A REGISTRAR'S ASSISTANT, AND A COLLECTIONS MANAGEMENT INTERN. PROJECT ACTIVITIES WILL INCLUDE PACKING AND UNPACKING OBJECTS, RELOCATING/REHOUSING THEM, AND PHOTOGRAPHING AND UPDATING RECORDS IN EACH MUSEUM'S COLLECTIONS MANAGEMENT DATABASE. THE TEAM WILL ALSO CATALOG NEWLY-ACQUIRED COLLECTIONS AND UPLOAD IMAGES AND INFORMATION TO THE MUSEUMS' ONLINE COLLECTIONS PORTALS. THE PROJECT WILL PROVIDE GREATER PUBLIC ACCESS TO THE HISTORY, CULTURES, AND IDEAS REPRESENTED IN THE COLLECTIONS OF THE TWO MUSEUMS.

RUI: NON-GENOMIC ANDROGEN RECEPTOR MECHANISMS INVOLVED IN SOCIAL REGULATION

RUI: STUDIES IN NUMERICAL RELATIVITY

RUI: EXPERIMENTAL SEAWATER LABORATORY AT THE COASTAL STUDIES CENTER, BOWDOIN COLLEGE

COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: INGLEFIELD LAND ARCHAEOLOGY PROJECT IPY INITIATIVE: DYNAMIC SOCIAL SYSTEMS AT THE ENTRANCE TO GREENLAND

COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: USING MULTI-PROXY PALEO DATA TO CONSTRAIN NATURAL AND ANTHROPOGENIC HYDROGRAPHIC VARIABILITY IN THE GULF OF MAINE SYSTEM OVER THE LAST 250 YEARS

THE DGB SITES: ARCHITECTURE AND SOCIOPOLITICAL FUNCTIONING IN A MOUNTAIN LANDSCAPE, NORTHERN CAMEROON

COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: QUANTITATIVE LITERACY AND REASONING ASSESSMENT (QLRA)

COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: COMPUTATIONAL SUSTAINABILITY:COMPUTATIONAL METHODS FOR A SUSTAINABLE ENVIRONMENT, ECONOMY, AND SOCIETY

SCHOLAR'S AWARD: PERMEABLE SPACES AND THE GLOBAL FLOW OF BIOMEDICAL KNOWLEDGE

RUI: SOIL CARBON SEQUESTRATION AND TURNOVER AFTER TWELVE YEARS OF CO2 FERTILIZATION AT THE DUKE FOREST FACE EXPERIMENT

RUI: NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF BLACK HOLES, NEUTRON STARS AND GRAVITATIONAL RADIATION

CAREER: BRIDGING THE SEMANTIC GAP IN VIRTUALIZATION-BASED SECURITY SOLUTIONS VIA COLLABORATION BETWEEN GUEST OS AND VIRTUAL MACHINE

SGER: COLLABORATIVE PROPOSAL: CREATING A CLIMATE MATH WEB PORTAL

RUI: NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF BLACK HOLES, NEUTRON STARS AND GRAVITATIONAL RADIATION

FSML: IMPROVEMENTS TO LIVING FACILITIES DATA COMMUNICATIONS AND ELECTRICAL GENERATION CAPACITY AT THE BOWDOIN SCIENTIFIC STATION

RUI: METRIC AND TOPOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF SELF-SIMILAR GROUPS

OLIVER OTIS HOWARD PAPERS DIGITIZATION PROJECT

RUI: NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF NEUTRON STARS, BLACK HOLES AND GRAVITATIONAL RADIATION

OPUS: RUI: LONG-TERM STUDIES OF AN ISLAND BIRD POPULATION: VERTEBRATE ECOLOGY ACROSS GENERATIONS

RUI: AMPLITUDES IN GAUGE THEORY AND GRAVITY

RUI: NONCOMMUTATIVE POLYNOMIAL ALGEBRAS AND THE FOUNDATIONS OF NONCOMMUTATIVE GEOMETRY

TO SERVE THE COMMON GOOD: STRENGTHENING HUMANITIES INSTRUCTION IN A TIME OF CHANGE

COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: MRA: SEASONALITY OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS OF TEMPERATE AND BOREAL CONIFER FORESTS ACROSS NORTH AMERICA

RUI: AMPLITUDES IN GAUGE THEORY AND GRAVITY

RUI: COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: PRESERVING EVIDENCE OF EXTREME METAMORPHISM IN THE RHODOPE COMPLEX

COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: RUI: INSECT HERBIVORE FEEDING GUILDS AND COMPARTMENTALIZED PLANT DEFENSE

COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: ORGANIC CATION INTERACTIONS WITH SOIL ALUMINOSILICATES: STRUCTURE-SORPTION RELATIONSHIPS

RUI: SUPERSYMMETRIC GAUGE THEORY AND STRING THEORY

RUI: SUPERSYMMETRIC GAUGE THEORY AND STRING THEORY

RUI: SUPERSYMMETRIC GAUGE THEORY AND DIRICHLET-BRANES

RUI: OCE-RIG: DECADAL CLIMATE, CARBON AND NUTRIENT VARIABILITY: NEW INSIGHTS FROM DEEP-SEA BAMBOO CORAL RECORDS ON THE CALIFORNIA MARGIN

SWEET BLOOD: DIABETES AND THE CHANGING NATURE OF MODERN HEALTH - AN INTERDISCIPLINARY HISTORICAL STUDY OF A GLOBAL HEALTH CRISIS, FOCUSED PRIMARILY ON NORTH AMERICA, SWEET BLOOD TRACES HOW TODAY’S DIABETES EPIDEMIC GROWS FROM CHANGING RELATIONSHIPS WITH NATURE OVER THE PAST 150 YEARS, AND HOW THOSE RELATIONSHIPS CREATE OR REINFORCE SOCIAL INEQUITIES THAT FURTHER DRIVE ILLNESS, COMORBIDITIES, AND SOCIAL DIFFERENCES. A NLM-NIH GRANT WILL PROVIDE ESSENTIAL FUNDING TO ASSIST REMAINING RESEARCH AS WELL AS TIME AWAY FROM THE CLASSROOM FOR A SABBATICAL TO FINISH THE BOOK MANUSCRIPT. AS A SCHOLAR-TEACHER AT A SELECTIVE RESIDENTIAL LIBERAL ARTS COLLEGE, THE TWINNED GIFTS OF RESEARCH AND LEAVE SUPPORT ARE VITAL TO MAINTAIN SCHOLARLY PRODUCTIVITY. MY ADDITIONAL TRAINING IN EPIDEMIOLOGY WILL ALSO ALLOW ME TO COMPLETE A PROJECT APPLICABLE TO PUBLIC HEALTH. SWEET BLOOD FILLS A SIGNIFICANT GAP IN OUR KNOWLEDGE OF DIABETES BY ANALYZING HOW AN EXPANDED AND HISTORICIZED UNDERSTANDING OF “ENVIRONMENT” REVEALS THE ORIGINS AND PERSISTENCE OF SOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF ILL HEALTH. THE PROJECT DRAWS UPON SCHOLARSHIP IN FOUR DISTINCT ACADEMIC FIELDS. FIRST, ENVIRONMENTAL HISTORY, WHICH DEMONSTRATES HOW MICROBES, ANIMALS, AND OTHER FORCES OF NATURE ACT UPON HISTORY BY REINFORCING OR LIMITING HUMAN AGENCY. SECOND, THE HISTORY OF MEDICINE, WHICH CONNECTS RACE, GENDER, AND CLASS TO RECONSIDER HOW ILLNESSES AND IDENTITIES ENTWINE. THIRD, SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY STUDIES, WHICH EMPHASIZES HOW CONTESTS OVER EXPERTISE ARE SHAPED BY ENGAGEMENT WITH MATERIAL NATURE AND CULTURAL NORMS. FINALLY, SOCIAL EPIDEMIOLOGY, WHICH POOLS DIVERSE METHODOLOGIES TO EVALUATE THE ORIGINS AND DISTRIBUTION OF DISEASE AND HEALTH INEQUITIES. “SWEET BLOOD” CONNECTS THESE FIELDS THROUGH EXTENSIVE ARCHIVAL AND PRIMARY SOURCE RESEARCH TO OFFER AN IMPORTANT AND TIMELY REINTERPRETATION OF DIABETES. SWEET BLOOD THUS EXAMINES DIABETES ON SEVERAL INTERLOCKING LEVELS. IT IS A STORY OF DIABETES AS MATERIAL REALITY, OF ITS INCREASE AND SPREAD OVER THE COURSE OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY. IT IS A STORY OF THE CREATION OF KNOWLEDGE ABOUT DIABETES TO AID DIAGNOSIS, PROMOTE PREVENTION, AND ASSIST TREATMENT FROM CLINICAL FINDINGS TO ENTIRE POPULATIONS. AND IT IS A STORY OF DIABETES AS A CULTURAL SYMBOL FOR IDEAS AND PRACTICES ABOUT HEALTH, HUMAN BEHAVIOR, AND THE ENVIRONMENT THAT OFTEN GENERATE INEQUALITIES. SWEET BLOOD BLENDS THESE STORIES TO REFRAME DIABETES AS A SERIES OF ENVIRONMENTAL RELATIONSHIPS THAT CHANGE OVER TIME AND SPACE. THIS PROJECT WILL RESULT IN A BOOK (UNDER CONTRACT) WITH YALE UNIVERSITY PRESS.

RUI: DISPERSIVE SHOCK WAVES IN NONLINEAR LATTICES: THEORY TO APPLICATION

RUI: STRONGLY NONLINEAR DYNAMICS OF LATTICE NETWORKS: FROM ANALYSIS TO APPLICATION

MANAGING THE HONOR AND STIGMA OF DISJUNCTIVE IDENTITIES

TEACHING THE HOLOCAUST THROUGH VISUAL CULTURE

EO14042 BLAZAR X-RAYS AND NEUTRINOS: INVESTIGATING THE MOST PROMISING ICECUBE NEUTRINO S

CC* STRATEGY-CAMPUS: BOWDOIN COLLEGE RESEARCH COMPUTING STRATEGY DEVELOPMENT -BOWDOIN COLLEGE, AN UNDERGRADUATE LIBERAL ARTS COLLEGE IN MAINE, IS DEVELOPING A FORWARD-LOOKING CAMPUS CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE (CI) PLAN. THROUGH FACULTY, STAFF, AND STUDENT ENGAGEMENT, BOWDOIN IS COMPLETING AN ASSESSMENT OF ITS CURRENT INFRASTRUCTURE, IDENTIFYING SCIENCE DRIVERS, AND GAINING A DEEPER UNDERSTANDING OF THE CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE NEEDS TO SUPPORT CURRENT AND FUTURE RESEARCH AT AN EMERGING RESEARCH INSTITUTION. THE PRIMARY DRIVER FOR THE PROJECT LIES IN THE IMPORTANCE OF TECHNOLOGY FOR SUPPORTING SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND EDUCATION ACROSS DIVERSE FIELDS AT BOWDOIN. THE COMPLETED CI PLAN WILL DEFINE PRIORITIES AND PLANS FOR RESOURCE ALLOCATIONS AROUND SHARED RESEARCH AND EDUCATION GOALS, PROVIDING A FOUNDATION FOR FACULTY TO BUILD FUTURE RESEARCH, TEACHING, AND COLLABORATION PLANS. MORE BROADLY, THIS PROJECT IS ADVANCING SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AT BOWDOIN BY FORGING PRODUCTIVE TRUST RELATIONSHIPS AMONG RESEARCHERS AND TECHNOLOGY STAFF, ENGAGING STUDENTS IN RESEARCH COLLABORATIONS THEY MAY NOT HAVE PREVIOUSLY CONSIDERED, CREATING NEW RESEARCH COLLABORATIONS, AND POSITIONING BOWDOIN AS A VALUED PARTNER WITH PEER INSTITUTIONS, RESEARCH ORGANIZATIONS, AND INDUSTRY TO EXPAND ITS REACH AND IMPACT ON THE SCIENTIFIC COMMUNITY. OVERALL, THE PROJECT IS CREATING A STRATEGIC CI PLAN THAT STRENGTHENS BOWDOIN'S RESEARCH CAPABILITIES AND SUPPORT, EXPANDING RESEARCH AND COLLABORATIVE OPPORTUNITIES WITH LOCAL, REGIONAL, AND NATIONAL PARTNERS, AND SETTING A FOUNDATION FOR FUTURE NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION CAMPUS CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE (CC*) SUPPORT. THIS PROJECT IS JOINTLY FUNDED BY THE OFFICE OF ADVANCED CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE AND THE ESTABLISHED PROGRAM TO STIMULATE COMPETITIVE RESEARCH (EPSCOR). THIS AWARD REFLECTS NSF'S STATUTORY MISSION AND HAS BEEN DEEMED WORTHY OF SUPPORT THROUGH EVALUATION USING THE FOUNDATION'S INTELLECTUAL MERIT AND BROADER IMPACTS REVIEW CRITERIA.- SUBAWARDS ARE NOT PLANNED FOR THIS AWARD.

TEACHING THE HOLOCAUST THROUGH VISUAL CULTURE

20-NUSTAR20-0039 BLAZAR X-RAYS AND NEUTRINOS: INVESTIGATING THE MOST PROMISING ICECUBE NEUTRINO S

PEARY AND THE INUGHUIT AT CAPE SHERIDAN: A PRELIMINARY STUDY

LEAPS-MPS: THE REPRESENTATION THEORY OF COMBINATORIAL CATEGORIES

COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: CULTURAL CHANGE IN GEOSCIENCE (C-CHANGE): TRANSFORMING DEPARTMENTAL CULTURE THROUGH FACULTY AGENTS OF CHANGE -THIS PROJECT AIMS TO SERVE THE NATIONAL INTEREST BY ESTABLISHING PRACTICES TO IMPROVE INCLUSIVITY IN ACADEMIC GEOSCIENCE DEPARTMENTS. GEOSCIENCE IS A CRITICAL DISCIPLINE FOR TODAY?S WORLD, INTEGRATING OTHER PHYSICAL AND LIFE SCIENCES INTO A WHOLISTIC PERSPECTIVE WITH RELEVANCE TO THE MOST PRESSING CHALLENGES FACING HUMANITY TODAY INCLUDING CLIMATE CHANGE, ENERGY RESOURCES, AND NATURAL HAZARDS. HOWEVER, THE NUMBER OF GRADUATES AND STUDENTS PURSUING GEOSCIENCES IS NOT SUFFICIENT TO MEET THE DEMAND FOR GEOSCIENCE EXPERTISE IN THE ECONOMY. WHILE GEOSCIENCE DEGREES CAN PROVIDE STUDENTS WITH SIGNIFICANT OPPORTUNITIES TO LEARN AND PRACTICE WORKFORCE-RELEVANT SKILLS, MANY SYSTEMIC BARRIERS PREVENT EQUAL PARTICIPATION, EXACERBATING THE GAP IN THE GEOSCIENCE WORKFORCE. THROUGH INTENTIONAL PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT, THE CULTURAL CHANGE IN GEOSCIENCE (C-CHANGE) PROJECT WILL CREATE A CORPS OF FACULTY CHANGE AGENTS EMPOWERED TO MAKE SUCCESSIVE, INCREMENTAL CHANGES THAT WILL LEAD TO POSITIVE CULTURAL SHIFTS WITHIN THEIR HOME DEPARTMENTS. THIS CULTURAL CHANGE WILL FOSTER AN ENVIRONMENT WHERE ALL PEOPLE EXPERIENCE ACADEMIC GEOSCIENCE AS SAFE, WELCOMING, AND SUPPORTIVE. C-CHANGE WILL ALSO COMPILE AND LEVERAGE EXISTING EFFORTS FOCUSED ON CULTURAL CHANGE. THIS WILL CREATE A NETWORK OF LEADERS AND RESOURCES THAT RAISES THE VISIBILITY OF ALL ASPECTS OF THIS IMPORTANT WORK AND ENHANCES OPPORTUNITIES FOR COLLABORATION. C-CHANGE WILL GENERATE POSITIVE SYSTEMIC CHANGE IN THE CULTURE OF ACADEMIC GEOSCIENCE DEPARTMENTS AND COMMUNITY THROUGH FACILITATING PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT FOR GEOSCIENCE FACULTY THAT WILL A) FOSTER HIGH-QUALITY DISCUSSION AND SHARING OF EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICES, B) DEVELOP WEB RESOURCES WITH GEOSCIENCE-SPECIFIC EXAMPLES, C) PROMOTE CHANGE IN PARTICIPANT ATTITUDES AND D) EQUIP PARTICIPANTS WITH RESOURCES TO LEAD FURTHER CHANGE IN THEIR DEPARTMENT AND COMMUNITY. THIS PROJECT WILL PROVIDE FACULTY WITH CONCRETE WAYS TO IMPLEMENT INCLUSIVE STRATEGIES IN THEIR INDIVIDUAL PRACTICE AT MANY SCALES, PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT TO OVERCOME BARRIERS TO INCLUSION AND BELONGING FOR STUDENTS FROM MARGINALIZED IDENTITIES, AND TRAINING TO HELP PARTICIPANTS SHARE WHAT THEY LEARN WITH COLLEAGUES IN THEIR LOCAL PROGRAM, DEPARTMENT, AND INSTITUTION. THE PROJECT WILL ALSO LEVERAGE EXISTING EXPERTISE TO GENERATE A NATIONAL NETWORK OF PROJECTS FOCUSED ON MAKING ACADEMIC GEOSCIENCE MORE INCLUSIVE, WELCOMING, AND SUPPORTIVE OF PEOPLE FROM DIVERSE BACKGROUNDS AND IDENTITIES. THIS NETWORK WILL ELEVATE THE NATIONAL VISIBILITY OF EXISTING EFFORTS WITHIN THE GEOSCIENCES AND PROVIDE OPPORTUNITIES FOR COLLABORATION AMONG DISPARATE PROGRAMS. THROUGH THIS NETWORK, WE WILL CREATE A CYCLE BY WHICH C-CHANGE PARTICIPANTS LEARN FROM THE CUTTING-EDGE RESEARCH AND IMPLEMENTATION OF IMPACTFUL PRACTICES, ARE ABLE TO APPLY THIS LEARNING IN THEIR LOCAL CONTEXT, AND THEN PROVIDE INFORMATION TO THE PROJECT NETWORK ABOUT THE EFFICACY AND CHALLENGES OF IMPLEMENTING THOSE RESEARCH-INFORMED PRACTICES. THIS AWARD REFLECTS NSF'S STATUTORY MISSION AND HAS BEEN DEEMED WORTHY OF SUPPORT THROUGH EVALUATION USING THE FOUNDATION'S INTELLECTUAL MERIT AND BROADER IMPACTS REVIEW CRITERIA.- SUBAWARDS ARE NOT PLANNED FOR THIS AWARD.

TEMPORAL AND SPATIAL SCALES OF TERRESTRIALLY-DERIVED PARTICULATE AND DISSOLVED MATERIALS IN THE PENOBSCOT RIVER SYSTEM

X-RAY SOURCES AND NEUTRINOS: INVESTIGATING THE MOST PROMISING ICECUBE NEUTRINOS

COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: RUI: NOVEL COMPUTATIONAL TOOLS TO PREDICT ANIONIC PESTICIDE AND PHARMACEUTICAL SORPTION TO SOIL OXIDES

UNDERSTANDING THE FEEDBACKS ASSOCIATED WITH CLIMATE CHANGE IN NORTHERN BOREAL FORESTS IS CRITICAL FOR PREDICTING HOW THESE ECOSYSTEMS WILL CHANGE INTO THE FUTURE. A RIGOROUS UNDERSTANDING OF THE PHENOLOGY OF CARBON CYCLING IN EVERGREEN BOREAL FORESTS HAS BEEN CHALLENGING WITH TRADITIONAL VEGETATION INDICES SUCH AS NDVI AND EVI BECAUSE THEY RETAIN FOLIAGE AND REMAIN GREEN YEAR-ROUND BUT THE LIGHT USE EFFICIENCY (LUE) OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS CHANGES RAPIDLY AND DRAMATICALLY. SEASONAL CHANGES IN PIGMENT COMPOSITION ASSOCIATED WITH CHANGING LUE CAN BE DETECTED VIA REFLECTANCE (PRI AND CCI) AND PROVIDE INFORMATION ON PLANT PHOTOPROTECTIVE MECHANISMS BUT THEIR UTILITY FROM SPACE-BORNE PLATFORMS HAS BEEN LIMITED. SOLAR INDUCED FLUORESCENCE (SIF) REFLECTS DYNAMICAL CHANGES ACROSS THE GROWING SEASON DRIVEN BY INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL FACTORS AND THUS MAY PROVIDE A CRITICAL TOOL TO EVALUATE ECOPHYSIOLOGICAL MECHANISMS DRIVING CHANGING GPP. WHILE SPACEBORNE DETECTION OF SIF PRI AND CCI HAS YIELDED IMPORTANT INSIGHTS THE SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL RESOLUTION IS CURRENTLY TOO COARSE TO RESOLVE DETAILED SEASONAL CHANGES. WE PROPOSE TO LINK OBSERVATIONS OF VEGETATION REFLECTANCE AND SIF COLLECTED AT HIGH TEMPORAL RESOLUTION (CONTINUOUS GROUND-BASED HYPERSPECTRAL REFLECTANCE AND SIF WITH CUSTOM PHOTOSPEC SPECTROMETERS) AND HIGH SPATIAL RESOLUTION (AIRBORNE DATA CFIS AVIRISNG) WITH CARBON FLUXES ACROSS A RANGE OF HYDROLOGIC AND CLIMATE REGIMES IN THE NORTHERN BOREAL FOREST. THIS WILL REQUIRE ADVANCING THE MECHANISTIC UNDERSTANDING OF HOW PHYSICAL (CANOPY ARCHITECTURE VIEWING AND ILLUMINATION GEOMETRY) AND ECOPHYSIOLOGICAL (SEASONAL ACCLIMATION OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND NEEDLE PIGMENT COMPOSITION) DRIVERS AFFECT TOP-OF-CANOPY SIF AND REFLECTANCE. TO ACCOMPLISH THIS WE WILL LEVERAGE THE STRENGTH OF BOTH SIF AND REFLECTANCE SYNERGISTICALLY TO INTERPRET THEIR RELATIONS TO GPP AND DEPENDENCE ON OBSERVATION GEOMETRY. TOWARDS THIS GOAL WE WILL INSTALL OUR TOWER-BASED SPECTROMETER SYSTEM AT A NEW SITE (DELTA JUNCTION ALASKA) WHICH WILL BE AUGMENTED BY OUR EXISTING NETWORK REPRESENTATIVE OF DIFFERENT CLIMATOLOGICAL AND HYDROLOGICAL REGIMES (SITES NIWOT RIDGE COLORADO; SOUTHERN OLD BLACK SPRUCE SASKATCHEWAN). THESE THREE EVERGREEN-DOMINATED SITES HAVE SUBSTANTIALLY DIFFERENT CLIMATIC RADIATIVE AND HYDROLOGICAL REGIMES WHICH ENABLES US TO CHARACTERIZE MUCH OF THE WIDE RANGE OF EVERGREEN ECOSYSTEMS IN THE ABOVE DOMAIN. TOWER-CANOPY AND AIRBORNE SPECTROSCOPY DATA WILL BE COUPLED WITH IN-SITU MEASUREMENTS AND 3-D RADIATIVE TRANSFER MODELING TO LINK PROCESSES AT A RANGE OF SCALES TO REMOTE SENSING MEASUREMENTS. THIS MULTI-SCALE APPROACH WILL INFORM SATELLITE OBSERVATIONS FROM MODIS OCO-2 AND TROPOMI TO SCALE GPP ESTIMATES ACROSS THE BOREAL REGION. OUR PRIMARY OBJECTIVES ARE AS FOLLOWS: 1) ESTABLISH A QUANTITATIVE FRAMEWORK TO DESCRIBE THE ECOPHYSIOLOGICAL AND PHYSICAL MECHANISMS LINKING SURFACE MEASUREMENTS OF SIF AND VEGETATION REFLECTANCE TO GPP AT ESTABLISHED TOWER SITES AND COINCIDENT AIRBORNE CAMPAIGNS. 2) REDUCE UNCERTAINTIES IN SATELLITE-BASED ESTIMATES OF GPP ACROSS THE BOREAL REGION BY APPLYING A PROCESS-BASED UNDERSTANDING OF BOTH THE TEMPORAL AND SPATIAL DYNAMICS OF SIF AND VEGETATION REFLECTANCE AT FINE SCALES. THIS WORK DIRECTLY RESPONDS TO THE NASA ABOVE PHASE 2 CALL BY IMPROVING OUR UNDERSTANDING OF THE STRUCTURE FUNCTION AND PRODUCTIVITY OF TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS AND THEIR INTERACTION WITH ATMOSPHERE AND HYDROSPHERE AND BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLING. INTEGRATING OBSERVATIONS MADE AT MULTIPLE SCALES IS CRITICAL TO ELUCIDATE ECOSYSTEM FUNCTION AND WILL DIRECTLY INFORM OUR UNDERSTANDING OF HOW VULNERABLE OR RESILIENT BOREAL ECOSYSTEMS ARE TO ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE. TO ACHIEVE THIS WE WILL DIRECTLY EXAMINE "THE ECOPHYSIOLOGICAL BASIS OF THE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN SURFACE AND SATELLITE MEASUREMENTS OF SIF FOR NORTHERN ECOSYSTEMS AND ITS LINK TO ECOSYSTEM PRODUCTIVITY."

RAPID: ARCHAEOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION AT IITA

COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: RUI: PROBING CALDERA-FORMING MAGMATISM: CRYSTAL ACCUMULATION IN LARGE, UPPER CRUSTAL SILICIC MAGMA CHAMBERS

WORKSHOP: 6TH BIENNIAL STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY AND TECTONICS FORUM; BRUNSWICK, ME; JUNE 2020

TO SUPPORT A TOURING EXHIBITION OF THE FIGURATIVE WORKS OF THE ARTIST PAULA MODERSOHN-BECKER.

FACULTY SCHOLARS AWARD: DEMOGRAPHIC METHODS AND BELOW REPLACEMENT FERTILITY IN BULGARIA

BOUNDARIES OF RANDOM WALKS AND APPLICATIONS

THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE PERFORMED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE PROPOSAL TITLED, 'THE EFFECT OF THE PROPOSED NUCLEAR WEAPONS BAN TREATY ON U.S. ALLIES' (REC

FSML: DEVELOPING A STRATEGIC PLAN FOR THE BOWDOIN SCIENTIFIC STATION

TO SUPPORT FREEZE, AN INSTALLATION OF MONUMENTAL ICE SCULPTURES WITH ACCOMPANYING PUBLIC EVENTS AND A CATALOG.

COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: EAGER: CROSS-PLATFORM ELECTION ADVERTISING TRANSPARENCY INITIATIVE -NEARLY $2 BILLION WAS SPENT ON DIGITAL ADVERTISING IN THE PRESIDENTIAL GENERAL ELECTION IN 2020, AND ONLINE ADVERTISING IS ONLY EXPECTED TO GROW. CAMPAIGNS? RAPID SHIFT TO DIGITAL, HOWEVER, HAS CAUSED HEADACHES FOR THOSE WHO TRACK POLITICAL ADVERTISING. THE DATA PROVIDED BY ONLINE PLATFORMS, SUCH AS FACEBOOK AND GOOGLE, COME IN DIFFERENT FORMATS, CONTAIN DIFFERENT COLLECTIONS THAT ARE NOT IMMEDIATELY COMPARABLE, AND LACK METADATA NECESSARY TO FIND ALL ADS RELATED TO A SPECIFIC CAMPAIGN FOR OFFICE, ALL ADS FEATURING A SPECIFIC CANDIDATE, OR ALL ADS WITHIN EITHER SET THAT DISCUSS A SPECIFIC ISSUE. THE SHEER VOLUME OF CONTENT REQUIRES THE USE OF COMPUTATIONAL METHODS TO EXTRACT THE INFORMATION NECESSARY TO ANSWER EVEN BASIC DESCRIPTIVE QUESTIONS SUCH AS HOW MUCH MONEY WAS SPENT ONLINE IN A PARTICULAR RACE OR ACROSS ALL FEDERAL RACES. THIS PROJECT PROVIDES THE INFRASTRUCTURE NECESSARY TO ANSWER CRITICAL QUESTIONS ABOUT THE ROLE OF DIGITAL ADVERTISING IN AMERICAN DEMOCRACY, INCLUDING THE EXTENT TO WHICH ?DARK MONEY? DOMINATES CAMPAIGNS, AND THE SPREAD AND REACH OF MISINFORMATION IN CAMPAIGNS. THE PROJECT TEAM IS BUILDING EXPANDABLE INFRASTRUCTURE TO ACQUIRE, PROCESS, INTEGRATE, LABEL, AND DISTRIBUTE DIGITAL ELECTION ADVERTISING DATA FROM TWO LARGE ONLINE PLATFORMS. THE RESULT IS A CENTRALIZED REPOSITORY THAT PROVIDES ROBUST DOCUMENTATION OF ALL PROCEDURES AND CODE SUCH THAT THEY CAN BE MODIFIED TO APPLY TO OTHER PLATFORMS AND CONTEXTS FOR EXPANSION. CROSS-PLATFORM INTEGRATION AND STANDARDIZATION OF DIGITAL ELECTION ADVERTISING DATA THROUGH HUMAN AND STATE-OF-THE-ART COMPUTATIONAL METHODS REDUCES COSTS TO INDIVIDUAL RESEARCHERS, PROVIDES PARALLEL PROCEDURES ALREADY IN PLACE FOR ANALYZING TV ADVERTISING (AND THUS MAXIMIZING COMPARABILITY TO EXISTING DATA), PROVIDES LINKAGE INFORMATION TO OTHER DATA SOURCES, AND PRODUCES ACCESSIBLE DATA TO BENEFIT THE COMMUNITY. ACCOMPLISHING THIS AIM IS A HIGH RISK-HIGH REWARD ENDEAVOR. FOR INSTANCE, NEW APPROACHES OR METHODS ARE NEEDED TO CAPTURE AND LABEL RELEVANT ADVERTISING BY FOCUS, ESPECIALLY WHEN THE TRUE SPONSOR IS UNCLEAR OR DISGUISED. THIS AWARD REFLECTS NSF'S STATUTORY MISSION AND HAS BEEN DEEMED WORTHY OF SUPPORT THROUGH EVALUATION USING THE FOUNDATION'S INTELLECTUAL MERIT AND BROADER IMPACTS REVIEW CRITERIA.

RAPID: ASSESSMENT OF A FROZEN ARCHAEOLOGY SITE

GENERAL PRESERVATION ASSESSMENT BOWDOIN COLLEGE LIBRARY

BOWDOIN COLLEGE UPWARD BOUND PROGRAM GRANT 1- MID-MAINE

RUI: ORGANOCATALYSIS OF NITROALKANE REACTIONS