United States Sportsmens Alliance Foundation

DEVELOPMENT OF A HUNTER AVIDITY MODEL TO ASSESS & IMPROVE R3 PARTICIPATION

AS STATE AGENCIES CONSTRUCT AND IMPROVE MORE SHOOTING RANGES, MANY DIFFERENT TYPES OF SHOOTING ACTIVITIES CAN BE OFFERED. PUBLIC RANGES GENERALLY CONSIST OF THE TYPICAL 25-YARD RIMFIRE AND 100-YARD CENTERFIRE RANGES, ALONG WITH SOME FORM OF SHOTGUN SPORTS. BUT JUST AS PREFERENCES FOR RESTAURANTS, MOVIES, AND MUSIC VARIES, DIFFERENT PEOPLE ARE ATTRACTED TO DIFFERENT TYPES OF SHOOTING OPPORTUNITIES. THIS BEGS THE QUESTIONS: ARE WE CONSTRUCTING RANGES THAT BEST MEET PUBLIC DEMAND AND DO OUR RANGES OFFER THE TYPES OF SHOOTING ACTIVITIES THAT WILL ATTRACT THE MOST NEW SHOOTERS AND KEEP THEM RETURNING IN PARTNERSHIP WITH THE ASSOCIATION OF CONSERVATION INFORMATION (ACI), THIS PROJECT WILL EXAMINE EMERGING PREFERENCES REGARDING SHOOTING OPPORTUNITIES. THE RESULTS WILL IDENTIFY THE TYPES OF SHOOTING THAT BEST ATTRACT AVID AND OCCASIONAL SHOOTERS, AS WELL AS NEW PARTICIPANTS. RESULTS WILL BE PROVIDED BY DEMOGRAPHICS (AGE, GENDER, RACE ETHNICITY, ET AL), SHOOTING DISCIPLINES (SHOTGUN SPORTS, ARCHERY, RIFLE HANDGUN), AND URBAN SUBURBAN VERSUS RURAL LOCATIONS. WE WILL ALSO EXPLORE PREFERENCES FOR ON-SITE SERVICES, THE IMPORTANCE OF CONVENIENCE AND DISTANCE PEOPLE MUST TRAVEL, INDOOR RANGES FOR GROWING SUBURBAN URBAN COMMUNITIES, INTEREST IN EMERGING SHOOTING OPPORTUNITIES SUCH AS INTERACTIVE TARGETS, BARRIERS TO UNDER-SERVED COMMUNITIES, AND MORE. THE RESULTS WILL BE SHARED BROADLY WITH STATES AND NON GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATIONS, AS WELL AS THE PRIVATE SECTOR TO HELP ENSURE FUTURE RANGES REACH THEIR FULL POTENTIAL USE. THIS R3 (RECRUITMENT, RETENTION, REACTIVATION) PROJECT ALSO HAS A RELEVANCY COMPONENT AS IT WILL EXPLORE THE SHOOTING OPPORTUNITIES, ON-SITE SERVICES, AND LOCATIONS PREFERRED BY UNDER-REPRESENTED DEMOGRAPHICS AND COMMUNITIES.

AS HUMAN AND WILDLIFE POPULATIONS INCREASE, SO DO HUMAN-WILDLIFE CONFLICTS WITH DEMANDS ON STATE WILDLIFE AGENCIES FOR RELIEF. HOWEVER, STATE BUDGETS REMAIN CONSTRAINED, PLACING ADDITIONAL STRAIN ON ALL STATE AGENCY FUNCTIONS. AT THE SAME TIME, STATES ARE CONTINUALLY PRESSURED TO REDUCE THE USE OF HUNTING AND TRAPPING AS WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT TOOLS, ERODING STATES ABILITIES TO MAINTAIN AN ACCEPTABLE BALANCE BETWEEN WILDLIFE AND ASSOCIATED DAMAGES. THERE IS A CRITICAL NEED TO INCREASE PUBLIC AWARENESS OF THE NEED FOR MODERN, SCIENTIFIC WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT TOOLS INCLUDING HUNTING AND TRAPPING. IF CONDUCTED, NOT ONLY WILL THE MANAGEMENT OF HUMAN-WILDLIFE CONFLICTS BE MAINTAINED, BUT STATES WILL BE BETTER POSITIONED TO REQUEST AND RECEIVE INCREASED RESOURCES FOR WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT. TO PRODUCE THIS CRITICAL INFORMATION, DATA PRODUCED 20 YEARS AGO BY THE ANIMAL USE COMMITTEE WILL BE UPDATED AND EXPANDED THROUGH TWO SURVEYS OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT AND DAMAGE EXPERTS REGARDING NUISANCE WILDLIFE TRENDS, CURRENT DAMAGE LEVELS, EXPECTED OUTCOMES IN 5 TO 10 YEARS IF HUNTING AND TRAPPING WERE LOST, PLUS THE EXPECTED PUBLIC AND FINANCIAL COSTS ASSOCIATED WITH ALTERNATIVES TO HUNTING AND TRAPPING, IF AVAILABLE. ALSO, A CAREFUL REVIEW OF PUBLISHED LITERATURE AND SECONDARY SOURCES WILL BE CONDUCTED TO LOCATE AVAILABLE ESTIMATES ON CURRENT IMPACTS ASSOCIATED WITH HUMAN-WILDLIFE CONFLICTS. FINALLY, COMMUNICATIONS EFFORTS WILL BE LED BY THE SPORTSMEN S ALLIANCE FOUNDATION TO COMMUNICATE THE RESULTS WITH THE GENERAL PUBLIC AND MEDIA OUTLETS TO RAISE AWARENESS AND SUPPORT FOR MODERN, SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT METHODS. CARE WILL BE TAKEN TO NOT VILIFY WILDLIFE, BUT TO COMMUNICATE THE NEED FOR ACTIVE WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT INCLUDING THE USE OF HUNTING AND TRAPPING FOR THE BENEFIT OF BOTH WILDLIFE AND HUMANS ALIKE.

RECENT LEGISLATIVE CHANGES MAKE IT EASIER FOR STATES TO USE WILDLIFE RESTORATION FUNDS TO CONSTRUCT OR EXPAND SHOOTING RANGES. IN ADDITION, SEVERAL MULTISTATE CONSERVATION GRANTS ARE SHOWING HOW TO IDENTIFY WHERE NEW RANGES ARE NEEDED (NATIONAL SHOOTING SPORTS FOUNDATION), HOW TO ATTRACT NON-TRADITIONAL AUDIENCES TO RANGES (OUTDOOR STEWARDS OF CONSERVATION FOUNDATION) AND THE TYPES OF SHOOTING ACTIVITIES THAT WILL MAXIMIZE USE OF SHOOTING RANGES (SPORTSMENS ALLIANCE FOUNDATION ASSOCIATION FOR CONSERVATION INFORMATION). THESE PROJECTS WILL HELP EXPAND RANGE CAPACITY AND BOOST PARTICIPATION, BUT STATES AND PRIVATE RANGE OPERATORS STILL FACE HURDLES IN GAINING PUBLIC SUPPORT TO BUILD NEW RANGES AND EXPAND EXISTING LOCATIONS. MUCH OF THIS RELATES TO THE PUBLICS CURRENT UNDERSTANDING OF THE NEGATIVES ASSOCIATED WITH RANGES, SUCH AS NOISE, BUT LITTLE IS KNOWN OR COMMUNICATED ABOUT POSITIVES, SUCH AS JOBS, RETAIL SALES, GENERATION OF CONSERVATION EXCISE TAX REVENUES, PROVISION OF SAFE PLACES TO SHOOT, EDUCATION FOR NEW FIREARM OWNERS, AND MORE. LIMITED PUBLIC AWARENESS OF THESE BENEFITS CAN CONTRIBUTE TO LOWER PUBLIC SUPPORT FOR STATE AGENCIES AND THEIR MISSIONS PLUS SUPPRESS EFFORTS TO BOOST PARTICIPATION THROUGH STATES PROVISION OF NEW OR EXPANDED RANGE OPPORTUNITIES. THIS PROJECT WILL HELP STATES INCREASE PUBLIC SUPPORT FOR BUILDING AND OR EXPANDING SHOOTING RANGES BY GENERATING AND COMMUNICATING INFORMATION REGARDING THE JOBS, TAX RECEIPTS, CONSERVATION REVENUES, AND OTHER ECONOMIC IMPACTS GENERATED FROM A TYPICAL RANGE VISIT. THE RESULTS WILL ALSO INCLUDE A VIRTUAL CALCULATOR THAT ALLOWS RANGE OPERATORS TO EASILY QUANTIFY AND REPORT THE TOTAL ECONOMIC IMPACTS THEIR OPERATIONS GENERATE FOR THEIR LOCAL COMMUNITIES BASED ON THEIR EXPECTED OR ACTUAL RANGE USE LEVELS. THIS WORK WILL BE ACCOMPLISHED UNDER CONTRACT TO SOUTHWICK ASSOCIATES LEVERAGING DATA FROM THE MULTISTATE CONSERVATION GRANT-FUNDED TARGET SHOOTING ECONOMICS PROJECT CURRENTLY UNDERWAY BY THE SPORTSMENS ALLIANCE FOUNDATION (SAF) AND EXPECTED BY JULY 2024 WHICH SIGNIFICANTLY REDUCES THE COST OF THIS PROPOSED PROJECT. THIS EFFORT WILL ALSO INCLUDE A SURVEY OF THE U.S. GENERAL PUBLIC TO GAIN A BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF THE COMMON REASONS WHY PEOPLE OFTEN OPPOSE SHOOTING RANGES AND REASONS WHY NON-SHOOTERS WOULD ACCEPT NEW RANGES. THE RESULTS WILL HELP GUIDE STATE AND INDUSTRY PUBLIC COMMUNICATIONS EFFORTS WHEN PROPOSING NEW SITES. SURVEY CONTENT WILL BE DEVELOPED WITH INPUT FROM STATE AND PRIVATE RANGE OPERATORS RECRUITED FROM SAF AND ITS INDUSTRY PARTNERS, THEN FIELDED USING STANDARD ONLINE SAMPLING AND ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES BY SOUTHWICK ASSOCIATES. RESULTS WILL BE SHARED IN A GRAPHICS-BASED FORMAT SHARING RECOMMENDED APPROACHES AND MESSAGING FOR BOOSTING PUBLIC SUPPORT AND HELPING RANGE MANAGERS BETTER UNDERSTAND HOW TO ADDRESS PUBLIC CONCERNS. THE VIRTUAL CALCULATOR ALLOWING RANGES TO DEVELOP CUSTOM ECONOMIC IMPACT ESTIMATES WILL BE POSTED TO THE SAF WEBSITE, SHARED WITH OTHER SHOOTING ORGANIZATIONS FOR POSTING, AND PROMOTED VIA DIRECT CONTACT WITH ALL STATE RANGE MANAGERS AND INDUSTRY SOURCES. THIS PROJECT WILL BE LED BY THE SPORTSMENS ALLIANCE FOUNDATION WHICH HAS SIGNIFICANT EXPERIENCE DELIVERING ECONOMIC PROJECTS TO STATE AGENCIES AND WORKING WITH STATES AND INDUSTRY ON ISSUES SUCH AS RANGES AND CONSERVATION. WITHOUT THE INFORMATION TO BE PROVIDED BY THIS PROJECT, STATES AND OTHER RANGE OPERATORS WILL CONTINUE TO EXPERIENCE HIGHER LEVELS OF OPPOSITION FOR NEW RANGES THAN OTHERWISE NECESSARY, THEREBY MINIMIZING CAPACITY TO RECRUIT AND RETAIN TARGET SHOOTERS.

THE PURPOSE OF THIS PROJECT IS TO COMBINE THE STRENGTHS OF THE PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTOR TO INCREASE TARGET SHOOTING CAPACITY AND PARTICIPATION WHERE DEMAND IS THE GREATEST: URBAN AREAS. RECENT USFWS GRANT-FUNDED RESEARCH SHOWS MOST TARGET SHOOTERS WILL NOT TRAVEL MORE THAN 30 MINUTES TO A RANGE (2012 NSSF, 2025 SAF). ANOTHER SHOWS ROUGHLY 70 MILLION PEOPLE FROM URBAN AREAS ACROSS THE U.S. HAVE STRONG INTEREST IN RECREATIONAL SHOOTING BUT HAVE NEVER TRIED IT (2025 OSCF). A THIRD USED GIS TECHNIQUES TO DEMONSTRATE THE GREATEST DEMAND FOR SHOOTING RANGE ACCESS IS CONCENTRATED IN URBAN AREAS (NSSF 2024). ALTOGETHER, WITH 80% OF THE U.S. POPULATION NOW LIVING IN URBAN COMMUNITIES AND INCREASING (U.S. CENSUS BUREAU), FUTURE INCREASES IN RECREATIONAL SHOOTING WILL PRIMARILY COME FROM URBAN AREAS. RANGES IN URBAN AREAS ARE MORE DIFFICULT TO DEVELOP AND OPERATE THAN RANGES ELSEWHERE. THIS HAS CONSTRAINED SHOOTING RANGE CAPACITY IN MOST METRO AREAS, PREVENTING MANY INTERESTED PARTICIPANTS FROM TRYING TARGET SHOOTING AND LIMITING PARTICIPATION NATIONALLY. HOWEVER, THE PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTORS HAVE COMPLEMENTARY STRENGTHS. UNITING THE TWO TO EXPAND URBAN RANGE OPPORTUNITIES WILL HAVE BIG IMPACTS. THIS PROJECT WILL BUILD FROM THE RECENT RESEARCH MENTIONED ABOVE TO DEMONSTRATE HOW PUBLIC-PRIVATE SECTOR INITIATIVES CAN OVERCOME THE SHORTAGE IN URBAN RANGE CAPACITY MORE EFFICIENTLY THAN ISOLATED EFFORTS. THIS PROJECTS ACTIVITIES WILL QUANTIFY CURRENT DEMAND FOR URBAN RANGES, IDENTIFY URBAN AUDIENCES (E.G. DISABLED VETS, FAMILIES, RETIREES, ETC.) MOST CONSTRAINED BY CURRENT RANGE AVAILABILITY, DETAIL THE COSTS NEEDED TO PROVIDE NEW OR EXPANDED URBAN RANGE CAPACITY, AND PROFILE POTENTIAL VISITOR USE AND SPENDING. WE WILL EMPLOY A SURVEY OF THE GENERAL POPULATION OF MAJOR U.S. METROPOLITAN AREAS TO REACH RESIDENTS WITH A HIGH LEVEL OF INTEREST IN TARGET SHOOTING OR ACTIVELY PARTICIPATE AND THEIR SPENDING PREFERENCES. CASE STUDIES OF PUBLIC-PRIVATE RANGES WILL ALSO BE DEVELOPED EXPLAINING HOW THE FEW PUBLIC-PRIVATE URBAN RANGES DEVELOPED PLUS THEIR CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS. THE DELIVERABLE WILL BE A VISUAL, EASY-TO-READ SUMMARY REPORT COMPLETE WITH RECOMMENDATIONS ABOUT HOW STATES AND INDUSTRY CAN COOPERATE TO EXPAND URBAN RANGE CAPACITY AND USE. THE RESULTS WILL BE PROVIDED DIRECTLY TO ALL STATES RANGE MANAGERS, PRESENTATIONS AT NATIONAL RANGE MANAGER EVENTS SUCH AS THE IHEA AND COUNCILS ANNUAL MEETINGS, SHARING WITH INDUSTRY AND ORGANIZATIONS SUPPORTING TARGET SHOOTING PLUS A WEBINAR HOSTED BY THE SPORTSMENS ALLIANCE FOUNDATION FOCUSED ON STATES RANGE COORDINATORS AND PRIVATE RANGE OPERATORS. BY PROVIDING THE INSIGHTS NEEDED THAT SHOW HOW STATES AND INDUSTRY CAN WORK TOGETHER, THE EXPECTED OUTCOME WILL BE AN INCREASE IN URBAN TARGET SHOOTING CAPACITY AND PARTICIPATION NATIONALLY, DRIVEN BY NEW FORMAL AND OR INFORMAL COOPERATIVE PUBLIC-PRIVATE EFFORTS AT THE LOCAL, STATE AND NATIONAL LEVELS. THE INTENDED BENEFICIARIES ARE STATES RANGE DEVELOPERS AND OPERATORS, PRIVATE RANGE OPERATORS AND ULTIMATELY URBAN RESIDENTS WHO WANT TO TRY TARGET SHOOTING OR PARTICIPATE MORE FREQUENTLY. SOUTHWICK ASSOCIATES WILL BE A SUBRECIPIENT. CONSIDERING THE PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTORS HAVE COMPLEMENTARY STRENGTHS, UNITING THE TWO TO EXPAND URBAN RANGE OPPORTUNITIES WILL PRODUCE SIGNIFICANT BENEFITS.

TRAILBLAZER ADVENTURE PROGRAM: INVOLVING YOUTH AND FAMILIES IN CONSERVATOION

WSFR, SAF: INCREASING PARTICIPATION AND LICENSE SALES AMONG HUNTER EDUCATION GRADUATES.

THIS PROJECT SUPPORTS THE RELEVANCY AND INCLUSION AND PARTICIPATION STRATEGIC PRIORITY BY HELPING STATES BROADEN SUPPORT FOR HUNTING, RECREATIONAL SHOOTING, AND WILDLIFE CONSERVATION THROUGH THE ENGAGEMENT OF PEOPLE WHO OTHERWISE MAY NOT BE INVESTED IN THESE ISSUES, BUT SUPPORT EFFORTS TO BOOST JOBS AND ECONOMIC PROSPERITY FOR FAMILIES AND COMMUNITIES. THIS IS ACCOMPLISHED BY COMMUNICATING THE ECONOMIC BENEFITS GENERATED FROM HEALTHY, PROFESSIONALLY MANAGED WILDLIFE AND ASSOCIATED RECREATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES TO BOTH THE GENERAL PUBLIC AND TO PUBLIC OFFICIALS. RECOGNIZING THAT MOST OF THE U.S. POPULATION AND POLICYMAKERS DO NOT HUNT OR TARGET SHOOT AND ENGAGING THESE PEOPLE BY MATCHING THEIR INTERESTS WITH OURS, IS IMPERATIVE IF HUNTING, RECREATIONAL SHOOTING, AND CONSERVATION ISSUES ARE TO GARNER NECESSARY PUBLIC SUPPORT AND RESOURCES.THE PROJECT WILL HELP BROADEN PUBLIC AWARENESS, ENGAGEMENT AND SUPPORT FOR HUNTING, RECREATIONAL SHOOTING, AND PROFESSIONAL WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT BY PROVIDING THE FUNDS TO PROPERLY QUANTIFY HUNTERS AND TARGET SHOOTERS EXPENDITURES, MATCH THEM WITH STATISTICALLY VALID ECONOMIC MODELS, AND REPORT THE RESULTING JOBS, TAX REVENUES, RETAIL SALES, INCOME, AND OTHER ECONOMIC BENEFITS. TO HELP STATES AND THEIR SUPPORTING NGOS BETTER COMMUNICATE THE IMPORTANCE OF WILDLIFE CONSERVATION, RESULTS WILL BE PROVIDED FOR EACH STATE, US CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT, SPECIFIC SPECIES, BY TYPE OF HUNTING AND TARGET SHOOTING, BY RESIDENT STATUS, AND GENDER. OBJECTIVES DEVELOP HUNTING AND TARGET SHOOTING EXPENDITURE PROFILES FOR EACH STATE AND DISTRICT. DEVELOP ECONOMIC MODELS FOR EACH UNIT. REPORT, SHARE AND COMMUNICATE RESULTSRESULTS AND BENEFITS DELIVERABLES WILL FOCUS ON 485 NON TECHNICAL, FOUR COLOR ONE PAGE REPORTS ONE PER STATE AND CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT TO MAXIMIZE USE AND READERSHIP. A TECHNICAL REPORT WILL ALSO BE PROVIDED TO SUPPORT AND DEFEND THE RESULTS BUT IS NOT INTENDED AS THE PRIMARY DELIVERABLE NOR PRINCIPAL COMMUNICATIONS TOOL. TO HELP ENSURE ALL STATE AGENCY PROFESSIONALS RECEIVE THE RESULTS, THE DELIVERABLES WILL BE SENT TO ALL STATE DIRECTORS AND DEPUTY DIRECTORS, AND WILDLIFE, COMMUNICATIONS, AND INFORMATION EDUCATION CHIEFS. THE DELIVERABLE WILL BE A ONE PAGE SUMMARY FOR EACH STATE AND CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT COMPLETE WITH SOUND BITES MATCHING EACH STATE SHUNTING AND TARGET SHOOTING IMPACTS TO WELL KNOWN BUSINESS, ENTERTAINMENT, GOVERNMENT, AND DEMOGRAPHIC TOPICS. RESULTS WILL ALSO BE PROMOTED VIA PRESENTATIONS AT NATIONAL AND REGIONAL AFWA CONFERENCES AND OTHER INVITED VENUES, PLUS WILL BE SHARED WIDELY BY POSTING TO SAFS WEBSITE. SAF WILL ALSO PROMOTE THE RESULTS THROUGH ITS SOCIAL MEDIA PLATFORMS AND CAMPAIGNS. WE WILL ALSO OFFER RESULTS TO THE R3 CLEARINGHOUSE. SAF WILL PROMOTE THE RESULTS VIA A PRESS RELEASE AND ITS MULTIPLE MEMBERS AND GOVERNMENT AFFAIRS NEWSLETTERS, VIDEOS, AND WEB BLOGS. WE WILL DIRECTLY DELIVER THE RESULTS TO LONG TIME HUNTING AND TARGET SHOOTING PROPONENTS AND CONSERVATION NGOS ON BEHALF OF STATE AGENCIES. SOUTHWICK ASSOCIATES WILL ALSO ASSIST BY PROMOTING VIA ITS NEWSLETTERS, PRESS RELEASES AND WEBSITE. THE RESULTS OF THE DISTRIBUTION EVALUATION PROCESS WILL BE INCLUDED IN THE FINAL PERFORMANCE REPORT. SAF WILL ALSO SHARE THE RESULTS WITH ALL AFWA COMMITTEES, EITHER IN PERSON AT THE MARCH AFWA MEETING AND OR DIRECTLY WITH EACH COMMITTEE CHAIR. COMMITTEES THAT HAVE AN INTEREST IN PUBLIC OUTREACH AND COMMUNICATION WILL BE ENGAGED, ESPECIALLY THE HUNTING AND SHOOTING SPORTS COMMITTEE THAT HAS HISTORICALLY ADVANCED THIS EFFORT, PLUS THE EDUCATION, OUTREACH AND DIVERSITY COMMITTEE TO IDENTIFY HOW TO BETTER CONNECT WITH AUDIENCES TRADITIONALLY NOT WELL ENGAGED IN WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT, CONSERVATION, OR OUTDOOR RECREATION.

IN 2020, THE NUMBER OF VIRTUAL HUNTER AND ANGLER EDUCATION PROGRAMS INCREASED SIGNIFICANTLY. VIRTUAL PROGRAMS CAN SERVE MANY MORE PEOPLE THAN IN-PERSON EVENTS, CAN BE SCALED TO MEET DEMAND, AND HAVE SIGNIFICANTLY LOWER COSTS PER ATTENDEE THAN IN-PERSON CLASSES. AS IN-PERSON CLASSES RESUME, STATES ARE ASKING "WHICH FORMAT - VIRTUAL OR IN-PERSON - IS MORE EFFECTIVE IN CREATING NEW HUNTING AND FISHING LICENSE BUYERS, AND WHEN IS EACH APPROPRIATE?"THIS PROJECT WILL ANSWER THAT QUESTION BY COMPARING THE PERCENT OF VIRTUAL AND IN-PERSON EVENT PARTICIPANTS WHO PURCHASED LICENSES WITHIN A YEAR OF THE EVENT. PURCHASE RATES WILL BE EXAMINED OVER MULTIPLE YEARS, INCLUDING 2020, AND DIFFERENCES WILL BE EXPLORED BY TYPE OF EDUCATION PROGRAM (FISHING, HUNTER EDUCATION, ADVANCED SKILLS TRAINING, ETC.), AGE, REGION AND MORE.PARTICIPANTS WILL BE SURVEYED TO IDENTIFY IF VIRTUAL OR IN-PERSON METHODS ARE PREFERRED AND THE PROS AND CONS OF EACH. THE RESULTS WILL DRIVE THE DESIGN AND MIX OF FUTURE STATE AGENCY AND NGO EDUCATION EFFORTS. WITHOUT ANSWERS TO THESE QUESTIONS, FUTURE STATE AND NGO EDUCATION PROGRAMS WILL NOT ACHIEVE THEIR MAXIMUM POTENTIAL.

TESTING AND IMPLEMENTATION OF THE HUNTER AVIDITY MODEL TO ASSESS & IMPROVE R3 PARTICIPATION

HUNTING AND RECREATIONAL SHOOTING RECRUITMENT, RETENTION AND REACTIVATION AMONG AMERICAN MILITARY MEMBERS

PROJECT TITLE NOT PROVIDED

TRAILBLAZER ADVENTURE PROGRAM