The Ohio State University

THE OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CENTER

OPTIMIZING HEALING IN OHIO COMMUNITIES (OHIO)

RETROVIRUS MODELS OF LYMPHOCYTE TRANSFORMATION AND DISEASE

THE OSU CENTER FOR CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE: ADVANCING TODAY'S DISCOVERIES TO IMPROVE HEALTH

RESEARCH IN HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS

AFRL RESEARCH COLLABORATION PROGRAM II

DISCOVERY OF ANTICANCER AGENTS OF DIVERSE NATURAL ORGIN

CARDIOLIPIN AS A NOVEL MEDIATOR OF ACUTE LUNG INJURY

EARLY HEAD START/CHILD CARE PARTNERSHIP

AI INSTITUTE FOR FUTURE EDGE NETWORKS AND DISTRIBUTED INTELLIGENCE (AI-EDGE)

AI INSTITUTE FOR INTELLIGENT CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE WITH COMPUTATIONAL LEARNING IN THE ENVIRONMENT (ICICLE)

ANALYSES TO REVEAL TRAJECTORIES AND EARLY MARKERS OF IMMINENT SHIFTS IN SUICIDAL STATES - PROJECT SUMMARY RESEARCH SHOWS THAT NEARLY HALF OF SUICIDE DECEDENTS VISIT A HEALTH CARE PROVIDER IN THE WEEKS PRIOR TO THEIR DEATH. YET, EXISTING SUICIDE SCREENING APPROACHES IN HEALTHCARE SETTINGS FAIL TO IDENTIFY MOST PATIENTS WHO GO ON TO ENGAGE IN SUICIDAL BEHAVIOR (SB) OR DIE BY SUICIDE. WE PROPOSE A LARGE-SCALE STUDY TO DEVELOP CLINICALLY ACTIONABLE STRATEGIES TO IDENTIFY WHICH INDIVIDUALS WILL EXPERIENCE CLINICALLY MEANINGFUL INCREASES IN SUICIDE RISK, WHAT TOOLS OR BEHAVIORAL MARKERS ARE MOST SENSITIVE TO DETECTING TRANSITIONS BETWEEN SUICIDE RISK STATES, AND WHEN THESE SHIFTS ARE LIKELY TO OCCUR TO INFORM CLINICAL CARE. THE PROPOSED STUDY BUILDS ON OUR TEAM’S EXTENSIVE EXPERTISE IN LARGE-SCALE RECRUITMENT, INTENSIVE LONGITUDINAL ASSESSMENT, BEHAVIORAL PHENOTYPING, CLINICAL SIGNATURES OF SUICIDE RISK, AND DYNAMIC AND COMPUTATIONALLY INTENSIVE MODELING APPROACHES TO RISK PREDICTION. APPROXIMATELY 13,500 PARTICIPANTS BETWEEN THE AGES OF 18 AND 55 WILL BE RECRUITED, REPRESENTING VARYING LEVELS OF RISK FOR SUICIDE. MOST PARTICIPANTS WILL BE RECRUITED NATIONALLY WITH POSTCARD MAILINGS TO TARGETED ZIP-CODE REPRESENTATIVE AREAS (N=8- 10,000), AND INCLUDE THOSE WITH A PRIMARY HEALTH CARE VISIT IN THE PAST 3 MONTHS (LOWEST RISK CATEGORY). ADDITIONAL, HIGHER-RISK PARTICIPANTS (N=4200) WILL BE RECRUITED BASED UPON RECENT HEALTH CARE VISITS, INCLUDING INDIVIDUALS FROM DEPRESSION CLINICS, PTSD PROGRAMS, PSYCHOSIS AND RISK FOR PSYCHOSIS CLINICS, SLEEP CLINICS, PAIN CLINICS, AND CLINICS FOR UNDERINSURED PEOPLE, TO INCLUDE A RANGE OF MODERATE AND HIGH RISK GROUPS FOR SUICIDE RISK. WE WILL COLLECT SIX TOTAL WEEKS OF SELF-REPORT ASSESSMENTS, WITH ECOLOGICAL MOMENTARY ASSESSMENT, COGNITIVE AND AFFECTIVE BEHAVIORAL TASKS, AND PASSIVE SENSING DATA TO DEVELOP A RICHLY PHENOTYPED SAMPLE FOR MODELING VARIABLE TRAJECTORIES OF SUICIDE RISK OVER TIME (AIM 1). WE WILL LEVERAGE THIS DATA TO PREDICT TEMPORAL PATTERNS THAT SIGNAL TRANSITIONS FROM LOW TO HIGH-RISK STATES, AND VICE VERSA, USING INNOVATIVE AND COMPUTATIONALLY INTENSIVE DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS ANALYSES (AIM 2). WE WILL IDENTIFY INDIVIDUAL CHARACTERISTICS THAT MODULATE THESE TRANSITIONS AND IDENTIFY THE MINIMUM DATA REQUIRED FOR ROBUST MODEL ESTIMATES (AIM 3). WITH THE COMPLETION OF THIS PROJECT, A NOVEL COMPUTATIONAL APPROACH TO SIGNALING AN INDIVIDUAL PATIENT’S CURRENT PROBABILITY FOR TRANSITIONING TO A HIGHER OR LOWER SUICIDE RISK STATE WITHIN CLINICALLY RELEVANT TIMEFRAMES (DAYS TO WEEKS) WILL BE AVAILABLE, ALONG WITH A RICH CROSS-DIAGNOSTIC DATASET OF COGNITIVE, AFFECTIVE, AND BEHAVIORAL DATA FROM A NATIONWIDE SAMPLE.

NSF ENGINEERING RESEARCH CENTER FOR HYBRID AUTONOMOUS MANUFACTURING MOVING FROM EVOLUTION TO REVOLUTION (ERC-HAMMER) -THE ENGINEERING RESEARCH CENTER, HYBRID AUTONOMOUS MANUFACTURING, MOVING FROM EVOLUTION TO REVOLUTION (HAMMER), WILL ADVANCE NATIONAL GOALS TO ASSERT AMERICAN LEADERSHIP IN ADVANCED MANUFACTURING BY DEVELOPING AND TRANSITIONING NEW MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGIES TO INDUSTRY USE. SIMULTANEOUSLY, THE CENTER WILL DRIVE NEW TECHNICAL EDUCATION AND PROVIDE CREDENTIALS THAT WILL PREPARE, UPSKILL, OR RESKILL THE RELEVANT WORKFORCE, AND EXPAND CAPABILITIES ACROSS THE MANUFACTURING SUPPLY CHAIN TO MEET NATIONAL NEEDS. CORE PARTNERS OF THE CENTER INCLUDE THE OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY, NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY, NORTH CAROLINA AGRICULTURAL AND TECHNICAL STATE UNIVERSITY, CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY, AND THE UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE. THEY WILL WORK WITH COLLABORATORS FROM MORE THAN 70 INDUSTRIES, EDUCATIONAL, AND TECHNICAL ORGANIZATIONS TO DEVELOP AND IMPLEMENT NEW MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGIES FOR AGILE, HIGH-PERFORMANCE AND QUALITY-ASSURED COMPONENTS. THROUGH BASIC, APPLIED, AND TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH, HAMMER WILL ACCELERATE THE DEVELOPMENT AND DEPLOYMENT OF INTELLIGENT AUTONOMOUS MANUFACTURING SYSTEMS THAT WILL USE MULTIPLE PROCESSES TO CONTROL MATERIAL PROPERTIES AND COMPONENT DIMENSIONS TO ALLOW RAPID CUSTOMIZATION AND HIGH ASSURED PERFORMANCE. THESE SYSTEMS WILL LEARN FROM EACH OPERATION, IMPROVING THEMSELVES OVER TIME. IMPORTANTLY, AS HAMMER WORKS TO DEVELOP A NEW CLASS OF ENGINEERS AND TECHNICIANS, IT WILL ALSO ACTIVELY WORK TO ENHANCE DIVERSITY IN THE MANUFACTURING TALENT PIPELINE, BUILDING ON THE EVIDENCE-BASED SUCCESS OF FAB LABS AND MAKERSPACES TO ATTRACT STUDENTS AND IMPROVE OUTCOMES. SPECIAL EMPHASIS WILL BE FOCUSED ON INCLUDING URBAN, MILITARY, AND APPALACHIAN COMMUNITIES IN EDUCATIONAL PIPELINE PROGRAMS. ULTIMATELY, HAMMER WILL ENSURE THIS COUNTRY?S COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE, REBUILD THE U.S. INDUSTRIAL BASE, CREATE NEW HIGH-SKILLED, HIGHLY PAID JOBS, AND UNLEASH AMERICAN INGENUITY BY PROVIDING COST-EFFECTIVE, LOCAL, CUSTOMIZED PRODUCTION. HAMMER?S PRIMARY GOAL IS TO ENABLE THE CONCURRENT DESIGN OF PRODUCTS WITH NOVEL MANUFACTURING PROCESSES USING HYBRID (OR MULTI-TOOL) MANUFACTURING SYSTEMS AND PATHWAYS. THIS APPROACH WILL AUTOMATE AND GREATLY EXTEND THE FLEXIBILITY AND INGENUITY OF PRACTICING HUMAN ARTISANS. THE HAMMER FRAMEWORK WILL USE DESIGNS THAT WILL ENABLE LEVERAGING RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN ROBOTICS AND SENSORS, LEADING TO NOVEL CONVERGENT PROCESSES. NEW CONTROL, AUTONOMY, AND INTELLIGENCE APPROACHES WILL GUIDE, AND LEARN FROM PRIOR MANUFACTURING PROCESSES. QUALITY WILL BE ASSURED THROUGH UNDERSTANDING AND PREDICTING THE LOCAL STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF THE MATERIAL BEING PROCESSED WITHIN QUANTIFIED UNCERTAINTY LIMITS. ULTIMATELY, HAMMER WILL ADVANCE THE CURRENT STATE OF TECHNOLOGY TO UNITE DESIGN, TOOLS, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND COMPUTATIONAL MATERIALS ENGINEERING INTO A SINGLE FRAMEWORK, ENABLING THE AGILE PRODUCTION OF COMPONENTS. THESE COMPONENTS WILL POSSESS LOCALLY OPTIMIZED MATERIALS CHEMISTRY, MICROSTRUCTURE, AND PROPERTIES IN WAYS THAT ARE NOT ATTAINABLE CURRENTLY. THE RELEVANT SYSTEMS ARE EXPECTED TO IMPROVE IN EFFICIENCY AND PERFORMANCE WITH EXPERIENCE. SPECIFIC USE CASES TO BE CONSIDERED INCLUDE: 1) NUMERICALLY CONTROLLED DEFORMATION SEQUENCES AND EQUIPMENT TO CREATE COMPLEX COMPONENTS THAT MAY BE CURRENTLY PRODUCED AS CLOSED DIE FORGINGS, BUT WITH REDUCED LEAD-TIME AND IMPROVED PERFORMANCE, 2) EMPLOYING NUMERICALLY-CONTROLLED DEFORMATION TO LOCALLY OPTIMIZE PROPERTIES IN ADDITIVELY MANUFACTURED COMPONENTS, 3) EXPANDING CAPABILITIES FOR POINT-OF-CARE MANUFACTURING WHEREIN AUTOMATED OPERATIONS INCLUDING DEFORMATION ARE USED TO RAPIDLY TAILOR MEDICAL DEVICES TO THE PATIENT ANATOMY, AND 4) DEVELOPING LOW-COST, DESKTOP TRAINING SYSTEMS THAT PROVIDE STUDENTS HANDS-ON LEARNING IN PROGRAMMING, OPERATING, AND MAINTAINING NEW MANUFACTURING SYSTEMS, AS WELL AS EXPERIENCES CREATING NEW PHYSICAL PRODUCTS USING INCREMENTAL DEFORMATION AND HYBRID PROCESSES. STRONG PARTNERSHIPS WITH INDUSTRY, EDUCATIONAL AND TECHNICAL ORGANIZATIONS WILL ENABLE HAMMER TO TRAIN PERSONNEL AT MANY LEVELS FROM PRE-COLLEGE TO PRACTICING ENGINEERS. HAMMER WILL LEAD NEXT-GENERATION CERTIFICATION STANDARDS TO FACILITATE WIDESPREAD ADOPTION OF THESE TECHNOLOGIES BY THE ASSOCIATED WORKFORCE. THIS AWARD REFLECTS NSF'S STATUTORY MISSION AND HAS BEEN DEEMED WORTHY OF SUPPORT THROUGH EVALUATION USING THE FOUNDATION'S INTELLECTUAL MERIT AND BROADER IMPACTS REVIEW CRITERIA.

DATA COLLECTION FOR OLDER NLSY CHILDREN

EARLY HEAD START

INNATE IMMUNITY: ELUCIDATION AND MODULATION FOR CANCER THERAPY

CENTER FOR EMERGENT MATERIALS, AN NSF MRSEC

EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS OF ANTI-CANCER AGENTS WITH PHASE I EMPHASIS

THE OSU CENTER FOR CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE: ADVANCING TODAY'S DISCOVERIES TO IMPROVE HEALTH - ABTRACT THE OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY (OSU) CENTER FOR CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE (CCTS) WAS FORMED IN 2007, WITH THE VISION TO ADVANCE TODAY’S DISCOVERIES TO IMPROVE HEALTH FOR ALL. WE EMPLOYED A COMPREHENSIVE APPROACH TO ADDRESS THE FULL SPECTRUM OF T1-T4 SCIENCE VIA THE EDUCATION AND CAREER DEVELOPMENT OF A HIGHLY TRAINED WORKFORCE INTEGRATED WITH A ROBUST SYSTEM OF CTR RESOURCES. WE PROVIDED LEADERSHIP IN THE CTSA CONSORTIUM THROUGH SHARING OF TOOLS AND METHODS TO ADVANCE CTR; ADOPTED INNOVATIONS FROM OTHER HUBS; AND FULLY ENGAGED IN CTSA CONSORTIUM ACTIVITIES (E.G., MULTISITE TRIALS). WE ALSO SUPPORTED COMMUNITY ENGAGED RESEARCH ADDRESSING THE MOST PRESSING HEALTH ISSUES IN OUR COMMUNITIES (E.G., OPIOID CRISIS, COVID-19). YET, WORK REMAINS. THUS, WE BUILD UPON UNIQUE STRENGTHS AT OSU/NCH AND IN OHIO’S COMMUNITIES. WE HAVE LEVERAGED OUR STRATEGIC INVESTMENT IN DATA SCIENCES, A ROBUST ENVIRONMENT OF RESOURCES, AND A VIBRANT CTR COMMUNITY TO ADDRESS CTS GAPS AND BARRIERS. WE WILL NOW ADDRESS FIVE CTS ROADBLOCKS TO IMPROVE THE QUALITY, EFFICIENCY, AND RIGOR OF CTR: (1) NEED FOR IMPROVED EFFICIENCIES AND EFFECTIVENESS TO ADVANCE CTR AND ENSURE RESULTS ARE DISSEMINATED AND IMPLEMENTED INTO HEALTHCARE; 2) EDUCATION AND TRAINING INNOVATIONS DO NOT REACH THE FULL CTR WORKFORCE, RESULTING IN A DECLINING AND INADEQUATELY DIVERSE CTS WORKFORCE, LACKING THE KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS TO ADVANCE CTR; 3) LIMITED AUTHENTIC PARTICIPATION BY DIVERSE STAKEHOLDERS ACROSS THE RESEARCH LIFE CYCLE; 4) GROWTH OF COMPLEX DATASETS NECESSITATES INTEGRATION OF CLINICAL, ENVIRONMENTAL, AND RESEARCH DATA, WITH NEED FOR DEMOCRATIZATION OF DATA ACCESSIBILITY TO ADVANCE DATA EQUITY; AND 5) RACIAL INJUSTICE, SDOH, THE CTR TEAMS WE FORM, AND INTERPRETATION OF OUR RESULTS IMPACT HEALTH DISPARITIES. APPLYING A HEALTH EQUITY AND DEIA FRAMEWORK TO EVERY ACTIVITY, WE WILL PURSUE FIVE AIMS: AIM 1: DEVELOP INNOVATIONS IN METHODS, APPROACHES, AND TOOLS TO ADDRESS PRESSING ROADBLOCKS FACING CTR. AIM 2: SUPPORT TRAINING AND CAREER DEVELOPMENT OF THE FULL CTS WORKFORCE. AIM 3: ENGAGE VOICES FROM ACROSS ACADEMIC AND SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINES, PATIENTS, COMMUNITIES, AND INDUSTRY TO CONDUCT CTR AND CTS ACROSS THE FULL LIFECYCLE OF THE SCIENTIFIC PROCESS. AIM 4: DEPLOY AN ACCESSIBLE, RESPONSIVE, AND INTEGRATED SYSTEM OF RESEARCH RESOURCES. AIM 5: DEMOCRATIZE INFORMATICS RESOURCES BY LOWERING THE COST OF ENTRY FOR DATA ACCESS AND COMPUTING RESOURCES. WITH A COMMITMENT TO METRIC-DRIVEN DECISION-MAKING, WE WILL EVALUATE THE IMPACT OF THE CCTS BY APPLYING THE RE- AIM FRAMEWORK TO INFORM STRATEGIC PIVOTS OVER THE NEXT 7 YEARS. THIS PROPOSAL REAFFIRMS OUR COMMITMENT TO ADVANCE CTS AND EXPANDS OUR ENGAGEMENT WITH STAKEHOLDERS TO INCREASE RIGOROUS, IMPACTFUL, AND RELEVANT CTR. WE WILL DEVELOP, SHARE, AND ADOPT INNOVATIONS THROUGH FOCUSED CTS TO ENHANCE CTR FOR THE COMMUNITIES WE SERVE AND THOSE WE ENGAGE. THESE RESOURCES, SKILLED WORKFORCE, AND INSTITUTIONAL STRENGTHS PROVIDE AN AGILE FOUNDATION TO FACILITATE RAPID RESPONSES TO EMERGING PUBLIC HEALTH ISSUES, AND WILL ENSURE AN EQUITY LENS IS APPLIED TO ALL CTR SO NO ONE IS LEFT BEHIND FROM THE ADVANCES OF CTR TO IMPROVE HUMAN HEALTH.

HDR INSTITUTE: IMAGEOMICS: A NEW FRONTIER OF BIOLOGICAL INFORMATION POWERED BY KNOWLEDGE-GUIDED MACHINE LEARNING

A SAFETY AND EFFICACY STUDY OF AAV2-HAADC FOR AADC DEFICIENCY

TRANSLATIONAL TRAINING GRANT IN EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS

ADVANCING ETHIOPIA'S CAPACITY FOR LABORATORY, WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT, SURVEILLANCE, AND EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT TO MEET INTERNATIONAL HEALTH REGULATIONS REQUIREMENTS

CENTER: NSF ENGINEERING RESEARCH CENTER FOR TRANSFORMATION OF AMERICAN RUBBER THROUGH DOMESTIC INNOVATION FOR SUPPLY SECURITY (TARDISS) -THE GENERATION-4 NSF ENGINEERING RESEARCH CENTER TITLED ?TRANSFORMATION OF AMERICAN RUBBER THROUGH DOMESTIC INNOVATION FOR SUPPLY SECURITY: TARDISS? WILL LEAD FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH TOWARDS US NATURAL RUBBER BIOMANUFACTURING. CURRENTLY THE SINGLE COMMERCIAL SOURCE OF NATURAL RUBBER IS THE TROPICAL RUBBER TREE (HEVEA BRASILIENSIS), WITH PRODUCTION AREAS ALL OUTSIDE OF THE UNITED STATES. TARDISS WILL USE A SYSTEMS ENGINEERING APPROACH TO INTEGRATE ENGINEERING WITH BIOLOGY, BIOTECHNOLOGY, AGRICULTURE, AND OTHER DISCIPLINES OPTIMIZING ALTERNATIVE PLANTS TO PRODUCE ENTIRELY NEW NATURAL RUBBER MATERIALS AT SCALE. THE TARDISS TEAM WILL COLLABORATE WITH COMMUNITIES, FARMERS, PROCESSORS AND RUBBER MANUFACTURERS TO ENABLE BIOMANUFACTURING-BASED NATURAL RUBBER PRODUCTION OPTIMIZED TO LARGE PARTS OF THE US, WITH A FOCUS ON MARGINAL AGRICULTURAL LANDS. TARDISS WILL ENABLE A CIRCULAR BIOMANUFACTURING ECONOMY THAT RESPECTS NATURAL SYSTEMS, INCLUDING POLLINATOR SERVICES BY THE NEW DOMESTIC CROPS, WATER RECYCLING AND RE-USE, ADDITIONAL CO2 CAPTURE, AND AN ESTIMATED 2 MILLION JOBS TIED TO US SOIL. ENGINEERING WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT WILL PROVIDE TRAINING IN THIS NEW U.S. AREA, FEATURING AN INCLUSION EFFORT INVOLVING UNDERREPRESENTED MINORITIES AND ?NEURODIVERSE? YOUNG PERSONS DIAGNOSED WITH DYSLEXIA AND AUTISM. THE OUTCOMES WILL BE A SUSTAINABLE DOMESTIC RUBBER INDUSTRY AND A NEW, YOUNG WORKFORCE CONVERGING ENGINEERING AND AGRICULTURE TRAINED THROUGH A NEW AMERICAN RUBBER ACADEMY. THE ?U.S. SUNLIGHT TO MATERIALS? VISION MOTIVATING THE SYSTEMS ENGINEERING APPROACH OF TARDISS IS ENCAPSULATED BY TWO HYPOTHESES: #1: THE U.S. CAN REPLACE IMPORTED NATURAL RUBBER (NR) WITH RUBBER FROM DOMESTIC CROPS, UTILIZING MARGINAL AGRICULTURAL LANDS, HYDROPONIC SYSTEMS, AND NEW EXTRACTION METHODS; AND #2: THE U.S. CAN REPLACE IMPORTED GOODS WITH PRODUCTS MADE WITH HOME-GROWN NATURAL RUBBER. TARDISS WILL INTEGRATE ENGINEERING WITH BIOLOGY AND OTHER SCIENCE DISCIPLINES VIA THE FOLLOWING THREE RESEARCH THRUSTS: 1: BIOENGINEERING WILL CONVERGE ENGINEERING, BIOCHEMISTRY, ENZYME CHEMISTRY, AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY TO FUNDAMENTALLY UNDERSTAND HOW PLANTS NATURALLY PRODUCE RUBBER. NATURAL DIVERSITY WILL BE COMBINED WITH GENETIC APPROACHES TO TAILOR HYDROPONIC DANDELION TO PRODUCE NEW NR VARIANTS AND TRANSFER THE KNOWLEDGE TO THE GUAYULE AND MOUNTAIN GUM PLANT SPECIES. 2: CROP ENGINEERING WILL CONVERGE PLANT AND AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING TO DEVELOP AND DISSEMINATE NEW ?SMART? CROP PRODUCTION PRACTICES FOR ALL THREE CROPS. 3: LATEX/RUBBER ENGINEERING WILL CONVERGE ENGINEERING, MATERIALS/POLYMER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, CHEMISTRY, AND PHYSICS TO INVENT EXTRACTION METHODS TO PRODUCE CONSISTENT HIGH-PERFORMANCE LATEX AND RUBBER AND NEW PROCESSING METHODS FOR PRODUCTS. FURTHERMORE, TARDISS WILL INVENT ENABLING TECHNOLOGIES IN FIELD AND HYDROPONIC SYSTEMS, INDUSTRIAL SCALE LATEX AND RUBBER EXTRACTION METHODS, AND NOVEL PROCESSES-FOR-PRODUCTS AND BRING THESE TO COMMUNITIES. A SEAMLESS INTEGRATION OF SCALABLE BIOLOGY, ENGINEERING, AND SCIENCE, WHILE CO-DEVELOPING ECONOMICALLY SCALABLE PATHWAYS WITH DOMESTIC STAKEHOLDERS, WILL BE CRITICAL FOR SUCCESS IN CONVERGENT RESEARCH. THE OUTCOMES WILL BE A SUSTAINABLE DOMESTIC RUBBER INDUSTRY AND A NEW, YOUNG WORKFORCE CONVERGING AGRICULTURE AND ENGINEERING TRAINED THROUGH A NEW AMERICAN RUBBER ACADEMY. DIVERSITY AND CULTURE OF INCLUSION WHICH WILL INCLUDE UNDERREPRESENTED MINORITIES AND ?NEURODIVERSE? YOUNG PERSONS DIAGNOSED WITH DYSLEXIA AND AUTISM. THE TARDISS INNOVATION ECOSYSTEM WILL BRING TOGETHER SMALL TO LARGE COMPANIES, RESEARCHERS, STUDENTS, NATIONAL LABS, AND COMMUNITIES, AND FEATURES NOVEL PROGRAMS SUCH AS THE PIRANHA PIT TO ENCOURAGE INNOVATION. THIS AWARD REFLECTS NSF'S STATUTORY MISSION AND HAS BEEN DEEMED WORTHY OF SUPPORT THROUGH EVALUATION USING THE FOUNDATION'S INTELLECTUAL MERIT AND BROADER IMPACTS REVIEW CRITERIA.- SUBAWARDS ARE PLANNED FOR THIS AWARD.

EARLY HEAD START - CHILD CARE PARTNERSHIP

BII-IMPLEMENTATION: THE EMERGE INSTITUTE: IDENTIFYING EMERGENT ECOSYSTEM RESPONSES THROUGH GENES-TO-ECOSYSTEMS INTEGRATION

PRECISION MEDICINE FOR DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY IN EUROPEAN AND AFRICAN ANCESTRY

APPLICATION PURPOSE: BUS COMPONENT TESTING; ACTIVITIES PERFORMED: BUS COMPONENT TESTING; EXPECTED OUTCOMES: BUS COMPONENT TESTING; INTENDED BENEFICIARIES: IMPROVE EFFICIENCY; SUBRECIPIENT ACTIVITIES: PUBLIC

THE OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY TOBACCO CENTER OF REGULATORY SCIENCE (OSU-TCORS) - OVERALL PROJECT SUMMARY NICOTINE IS THE MOST IMPORTANT DRIVER OF TOBACCO USE. THE TOBACCO INDUSTRY'S MANIPULATION OF NICOTINE IN CIGARETTES AND SMOKELESS TOBACCO LED TO PRODUCTS THAT WERE MORE ADDICTIVE, ABUSED, AND DEADLY. WITH “STARTER” PRODUCTS FOR YOUNG PEOPLE AND NICOTINE-NAÏVE USERS AND “MATURE” PRODUCTS FOR ESTABLISHED TOBACCO USERS, THE INDUSTRY HAS HISTORICALLY MANIPULATED THE “LEVERS” OF NICOTINE CONCENTRATION AND FORM TO INCREASE TOBACCO USE ACROSS ALL DEMOGRAPHICS. E-CIGARETTES (ECS) AND MORE RECENTLY ORAL NICOTINE POUCHES (ONPS) VARY THESE NICOTINE DIMENSIONS SIGNALING THAT THE INDUSTRY IS AGAIN FOLLOWING THIS PROFIT-DRIVEN STRATEGY. RECENT ADVANCEMENTS IN NICOTINE SYNTHESIS ALSO MAKES NICOTINE ISOMER A NEW PRODUCT LEVER THAT THE INDUSTRY CAN ADJUST TO DRIVE CONSUMER UPTAKE THROUGH CHANGES IN PHARMACOKINETICS AND MISLEADING MARKETING CLAIMS. WHILE THE US CONGRESS AND FDA HAVE IMPOSED IMPORTANT REGULATIONS TO DISSUADE TOBACCO USE AMONG YOUNG PEOPLE, WE ARGUE THAT THE REGULATION OF NICOTINE ITSELF MAY BE THE MOST EFFECTIVE STRATEGY TO ACHIEVE OPTIMAL POPULATION HEALTH. LIKE THE TOBACCO INDUSTRY, THE FDA CAN PULL THESE SAME LEVERS VIA PRODUCT STANDARDS AND MARKETING REGULATIONS TO ADJUST THE APPEAL AND ADDICTION POTENTIAL OF ECS AND ONPS. THROUGH OUR INTEGRATIVE THEME, “FLIPPING THE SCRIPT”: USING THE INDUSTRY'S NICOTINE PLAYBOOK TO MAXIMIZE PUBLIC HEALTH, THE OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY TOBACCO CENTER OF REGULATORY SCIENCE (OSU-TCORS) WILL BE GUIDED BY THE INDUSTRY'S CONSUMER RESPONSE MODEL TO UNDERSTAND HOW NICOTINE IN ECS AND ONPS ARE IMPACTING PRODUCT APPEAL, ADDICTIVENESS, USE PATTERNS, AND TOXICITY. WE POSIT THAT REGULATION OF NICOTINE'S THREE DIMENSIONS CAN DISSUADE YOUNG PEOPLE, INCLUDING NON-USERS, FROM USING ECS AND ONPS BUT STILL PROVIDE A SATISFYING AND LESS HARMFUL ALTERNATIVE FOR ADULT TOBACCO USERS FOR COMPLETE SWITCHING. PROJECT 1 (P1) AND P2 WILL EXAMINE THE INFLUENCE OF EC AND ONP NICOTINE MANIPULATIONS ON PRODUCT APPEAL, ABUSE LIABILITY, USE, AND TOXICITY; P3, USING ONPS AS AN EXEMPLAR PRODUCT, WILL EXAMINE THE INFLUENCE OF NICOTINE MARKETING CLAIMS ON APPEAL AND PRODUCT TRIAL; AND P4 WILL EXAMINE HOW YOUNG PEOPLE, INCLUDING PRIORITY POPULATIONS, RESPOND TO BOTH NICOTINE PRODUCT MARKETING AND DESIGN CHARACTERISTICS IN THE NATURAL ENVIRONMENT. THE PROJECTS ARE SUPPORTED BY THE MARKET MONITORING CORE THAT WILL PROVIDE CRITICAL REAL-TIME MARKETING AND PURCHASING OF PRODUCTS BY VENUE AND THE PRODUCT EVALUATION AND MANIPULATION CORE THAT STUDIES PRODUCTS VARIED BY NICOTINE DIMENSIONS WITH CHEMICAL AND TOXICOLOGICAL ANALYSIS. THEY ALSO WILL BE SUPPORTED BY THE ADMINISTRATIVE CORE. THE CAREER ENHANCEMENT CORE WILL FOSTER THE TRAINING OF STUDENTS, POSTDOCTORAL FELLOWS, AND EARLY CAREER INVESTIGATORS IN TOBACCO REGULATORY SCIENCE. TOGETHER, THE OSU-TCORS ADDRESSES THE FDA PRIORITY SCIENTIFIC DOMAINS OF PRODUCT COMPOSITION AND DESIGN, TOXICITY, ADDICTION, HEALTH EFFECTS, BEHAVIOR, AND MARKETING INFLUENCES. THE PROJECTS ARE HIGHLY INTEGRATED AND WILL PROVIDE THE FDA WITH CRITICAL, FIRST-OF-ITS-KIND DATA BY CONDUCTING COMPLEMENTARY INTERVENTIONAL AND OBSERVATIONAL STUDIES TO INFORM THE CONSUMER RESPONSE MODEL AS A TOOL TO PROTECT PUBLIC HEALTH.

IMPROVING UPTAKE OF CERVICAL CANCER PREVENTION SERVICES IN APPALACHIA

MID-SCALE RI-1 (M1:IP): NSF NATIONAL EXTREME ULTRAFAST SCIENCE (NEXUS) FACILITY

PRIMARY RESEARCH ELECTRIC PROPULSION HAS THE POTENTIAL TO ULTIMATELY REDUCE FUEL BURN AND CO2 EMISSIONS UP TO 20 OR MORE COMPARED TO THE CURRENT STATE OF THE ART FOR COMMERCIAL AIRCRAFT. THERE ARE HOWEVER 3 KEY TECHNICAL CHALLENGES TO BE ADDRESSED 1. ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGIES THE STATE OF THE ART OF ELECTRIC TECHNOLOGIES FOR MOTORS GENERATORS INVERTERS POWER DISTRIBUTION AND CIRCUITPROTECTION WILL NEED TO ADVANCE TO ENABLE ELECTRIC PROPULSION CONCEPTS FOR COMMERCIAL AIRCRAFT.2. AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS ELECTRIC AIRCRAFT PROPULSION SYSTEMS PRESENT A NUMBER OF CHALLENGES RELATED TO AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS THERMAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS THAT MORE STRUCTURALLY AND AERODYNAMIC EFFICIENT CONFIGURATIONS WILL NEED TO ADDRESS3. RESEARCH INFRASTRUCTURE FOR ELECTRIC TECHNOLOGIES THE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT OF LARGE MEGAWATT CLASS MACHINES IS HAMPERED BY THE LACK OF DEVELOPMENT TESTING FACILITIES.TO ADDRESS THESE CHALLENGES THE OHIO CENTER FOR PROPULSION AND POWER HAS ASSEMBLED A FIRST CLASS TEAM.A. ELECTRIC TECHNOLOGIES THE CENTER FOR HIGH PERFORMANCE POWER ELECTRONICS AT THE OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY WILL TEAM WITH THE UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN TO ADDRESS THE INNOVATION OF CORE TECHNOLOGIES REQUIRED FOR 1-5 MW ELECTRIC SYSTEMS MOTORS GENERATORS INVERTERS POWER DISTRIBUTION AND CIRCUIT PROTECTION IN AIRCRAFT.B. BATTERY AND ENERGY STORAGE NEEDS INNOVATIVE EFFORTS WILL BE LED BY CASE WESTERN RESERVE. SHE WILL BEJOINED BY THE DIRECTOR OF THE CENTER FOR AUTOMOTIVE RESEARCH AT THE OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY. HE WILL BRING HIS INTRINSIC KNOWLEDGE OF BATTERY DEVELOPMENT IN THE AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY.C. THERMAL MANAGEMENT: THIS ESSENTIAL EFFORT WILL BE LED BY THE UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND IN COOPERATION WITH NORTH CAROLINA A&T STATE UNIVERSITY.D. INTEGRATION AND SYSTEM STUDIESGEORGIA TECH WILL LEAD THIS EFFORT IN COLLABORATION WITH AS WE WANT TO BRING THE HYBRID SYSTEM EXPERIENCE OF THE AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY INTO THE AIRPLANE SYSTEM OPTIMIZATION.E. RESEARCH INFRASTRUCTURE NASA GLENN RESEARCH CENTER IS IN THE PROCESS OF BUILDING THE NASA ELECTRIC AIRCRAFT TESTBED (NEAT)FACILITY AT THEIR PLUMBROOK LOCATION TO EVALUATE HIGH POWER ELECTRIC SYSTEMS IN A SIMULATED AIRCRAFT ENVIRONMENT. THE TEAM (THEUNIVERSITIES AND GE) WILL BE WORKING WITH NASA TO DEFINE THE REQUIREMENTS AND THE TESTING PLAN FOR THIS FACILITY. IT IS PLANNED ALSO TOTEST MACHINES DEVELOPED ON THIS PROJECT AT THE NEAT FACILITY.F. GENERAL ELECTRIC AVIATION AND GENERAL ELECTRIC GLOBAL RESEARCH GE WILL PARTICIPATE AND PROVIDE GUIDANCE ON REQUIREMENTS AS WELLAS PROJECTED APPLICATIONS THROUGHOUT THE PROGRAM. THE AVIATION GROUP WILL BE ALSO PART OF THE SYSTEM INTEGRATION TEAM.

** AWARDS ISSUED PRIOR TO JANUARY 20, 2025, WERE FUNDED UNDER PREVIOUS ADMINISTRATIONS AND MAY NOT REFLECT THE PRIORITIES AND POLICIES OF THE CURRENT ADMINISTRATION.** WHILE FEED FIBER AND FUEL PRODUCED FROM AGRICULTURAL RESOURCES CONTRIBUTE OVER $325 BILLION TO THE U.S. ECONOMY AND REDUCE DEPENDENCE ON FOSSIL FUELS THERE IS SIGNIFICANT ROOM FOR GROWTH. HOWEVER NUMEROUS LOGISTICAL BARRIERS ALONG THE BIOMASS SUPPLY CHAIN LIMIT THIS GROWTH. FARMERS ARE LIMITED BY THE NEED TO PURCHASE COSTLY CROP-SPECIFIC HARVEST EQUIPMENT WHICH INCREASES PRODUCTION COSTS. THE HIGH COST AND LONG-TERM INVESTMENT (20-40 YEARS) FOR THIS EQUIPMENT HINDERS FARMERS' ABILITY TO DIVERSIFY CROPS AND CREATES AN ENTRY BARRIER FOR NEW GROWERS. IT ALSO AFFECTS EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURER'S PROFITABILITY. THE BIOMASS PROCESSING INDUSTRY FACES CHALLENGES DUE TO DIFFERENT HARVEST FORMATS STORAGE REQUIREMENTS AND PROCESSING METHODS REQUIRED FOR DIFFERENT CROPS.THE GOAL OF THIS PROJECT IS TO TEST THE VIABILITY SUSTAINABILITY AND ADOPTION POTENTIAL OF A UNIVERSAL FEEDSTOCK SUPPLY (UNIFY) CHAIN LOGISTICS SYSTEM THAT WILL TRANSFORM THE HARVEST AND POST-HARVEST LOGISTICS AND PREPROCESSING METHODS FOR MAJOR U.S. CROPS RESULTING IN INCREASED PRODUCTION OF SUSTAINABLE FEED FIBER AND BIOFUELS. NEW EQUIPMENT AND METHODS WILL BE DEVELOPED FOR HARVEST AND POST-HARVEST OPERATIONS AND INTEGRATES THOSE WITH MORE EFFICIENT PREPROCESSING METHODS TO REDUCE COSTS AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS. OUR RESEARCH TEAM WILL COLLABORATE WITH STAKEHOLDERS TO DESIGN OPTIMIZE AND DEMONSTRATE A PILOT UNIFY SYSTEM FOR SIX CROPS (CORN SOYBEAN COTTON HEMP CAMELINA SWITCHGRASS) THAT HAVE DIFFERENT PHYSIOLOGIES AND COVER ALMOST HALF OF THE U.S. CROPLAND. THIS WORK WILL DEMONSTRATE THE UNIFY SYSTEM'S VIABILITY FOR OTHER CROPS WITH SIMILAR PHYSIOLOGIES LAYING THE GROUNDWORK NEEDED FOR ITS ADOPTION. IN ADDITION TO TESTING AND DEMONSTRATING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE UNIFY SYSTEM FOR SUSTAINABLE CROP PRODUCTION AND PROCESSING WE WILL DESIGN AND DELIVER EXTENSION AND EDUCATION CURRICULA THAT SHIFT STAKEHOLDERS' PERSPECTIVES AND UNDERSTANDING OF NEW COST-EFFECTIVE AND EFFICIENT METHODS FOR IMPROVING BIOMASS PRODUCTION. THIS PROGRAMMING WILL ALSO CREATE A PATHWAY FOR INCREASING THE BIOECONOMY WORKFORCE.BY THE END OF THIS PROJECT WE WILL HAVE EVALUATED THE AGRONOMIC ENVIRONMENTAL AND TECHNICAL PERFORMANCE OF THE UNIFY SYSTEM AND DETERMINED THE FACTORS AFFECTING ITS SUSTAINABILITY. WE WILL ALSO HAVE ASSESSED THE NEEDS OF STAKEHOLDERS FROM MULTIPLE SECTORS DOCUMENTED SHIFTS IN THEIR KNOWLEDGE AND BEHAVIOR REGARDING CONVENTIONAL SYSTEMS VERSUS UNIFY AND DETERMINED THE ADOPTION POTENTIAL OF THE UNIFY SYSTEM. DEMONSTRATION OF THE UNIFY SYSTEM AT SCALE IS EXPECTED TO CATALYZE ADOPTION OF IT ENABLING PRODUCERS AND INDUSTRIES TO TAP INTO BURGEONING BIOBASED MARKETS AND IMPROVE THE RESILIENCE OF THE BIOECONOMY VIA INCREASED SUSTAINABLE CLIMATE-SMART PRODUCTION OF FEED FIBER AND BIOFUELS. IMPLEMENTATION OF THE BIOECONOMY CURRICULA WILL PROVIDE A TRAINED WORKFORCE THAT WILL FURTHER ENABLE ADOPTION OF UNIFY.

** AWARDS ISSUED PRIOR TO JANUARY 20, 2025, WERE FUNDED UNDER PREVIOUS ADMINISTRATIONS AND MAY NOT REFLECT THE PRIORITIES AND POLICIES OF THE CURRENT ADMINISTRATION.** A LARGE BODY OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH HAS DEMONSTRATED HOW CLIMATE SMART AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES (CSAPS) CAN SIGNIFICANTLY IMPROVE THE CLIMATE RESILIENCE OF US FARMERS. HOWEVER, ADOPTION OF CSAPS REMAINS EXTREMELY LOW, AND RESULTS FROM CONTROLLED TRIALS HAVE BEEN DIFFICULT TO REPRODUCE ON WORKING FARMS. BUILDING ON EXTENSIVE INPUT FROM FARMERS AND STAKEHOLDERS, WE WILL BUILD A NESTED TRANSDISCIPLINARY PLATFORM WHERE FARMERS, SCIENTISTS, AND PARTNERS WILL CO-PRODUCE THE KNOWLEDGE REQUIRED TO ACCELERATE THE DEVELOPMENT AND ADOPTION OF PLACE-BASED CSAPS IN MIDWESTERN CROPPING SYSTEMS LEADING TO REDUCED GHG EMISSIONS AND INCREASED CARBON SEQUESTRATION, CLIMATE RESILIENCE, AND FARM VIABILITY. THE CORE (TIER 1) IS A NETWORK OF LOCAL NODES IN EACH STATE WHERE FARMERS WILL LEAD THE DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF ON-FARM RESEARCH TO ADDRESS CRITICAL KNOWLEDGE AND PERFORMANCE GAPS. WE WILL ALSO ENGAGE KEY LOCAL ACTORS (TIER 2) TO IDENTIFY THE OUTCOMES REQUIRED TO GAIN THEIR SUPPORT FOR FARMER CSAP USE. FINALLY, WE WILL COLLABORATE WITH NATIONAL ACTORS (TIER 3) TO ENSURE OUR WORK CAN BENEFIT EFFORTS TO REFORM POLICIES AND DESIGN MARKET MECHANISMS TO INCENTIVIZE USE OF CSAPS AND PROVIDE CARBON SEQUESTRATION AND ECOSYSTEM SERVICES. WE WILL WORK IN OHIO AND MISSOURI, MAJOR FARM STATES WITH DIVERSE BIOPHYSICAL CONTEXTS WHERE THE IMPACTS OF CLIMATE VARIABILITY ON CSAP PERFORMANCE CAN BE COMPARED ACROSS TIME AND SPACE. OUR PROJECT WILL FULLY INTEGRATE RESEARCH, EXTENSION AND EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES BY FACILITATING PEER-TO-PEER AND EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING OPPORTUNITIES AND INCREASING PARTICIPATION IN STEM BY UNDERREPRESENTED MINORITY STUDENTS AT EACH TIER OF RESEARCH ACTIVITY. FARMERCO-DEVELOPMENT OF RESEARCH DESIGNS, EXTENSION PROGRAMS AND RESOURCES WILL ENSURE GREATER OWNERSHIP AND TRUST IN DATA AND PRODUCTS DEVELOPED BY THE PROJECT. WE WILL ALSO ASSESS WHETHER A DEEPLY COLLABORATIVE AND FARMER-LED APPROACH CHANGES CSAP ATTITUDES AND BEHAVIORS.

** AWARDS ISSUED PRIOR TO JANUARY 20, 2025, WERE FUNDED UNDER PREVIOUS ADMINISTRATIONS AND MAY NOT REFLECT THE PRIORITIES AND POLICIES OF THE CURRENT ADMINISTRATION.** WIDESPREAD AND LONG-TERM ADOPTION OF CLIMATE SMART AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES (CSAP) ON FARMS REPRESENTS A CRITICAL ELEMENT OF THE U.S. NATIONAL STRATEGY TO ACHIEVE A 50% REDUCTION IN NET CARBON EMISSIONS BY 2030. NOWHERE IS ADOPTION MORE IMPORTANT THAN THE MIDWESTERN CORN BELT (MWCB) WHERE 60% OF THE NATION'S CORN AND 58% OF ITS SOYBEANS ARE CURRENTLY PRODUCED. TO DATE HOWEVER THE RATE OF CSAP ADOPTION HAS BEEN SLOWED BY (I) LOW CARBON INCENTIVES THAT REFLECT MARKET UNCERTAINTY AND UNKNOWN INTERACTIONS BETWEEN PRIVATE MARKETS AND FEDERAL FUNDING; (II) NOVEL EMERGING CARBON SCIENCE THAT COMPOUNDS EXISTING FARMER HESITANCY AND UNCERTAINTY DUE TO UNKNOWN TRADEOFFS OR SYNERGIES WITH IMPORTANT GOALS LIKE FOOD PRODUCTION AND WATER QUALITY; AND (III) AN INABILITY TO TAILOR FEDERAL CONTRACT OR PRIVATE PAYMENT STRUCTURES TO ACCOUNT FOR VAST HETEROGENEITY AMONGST FARMER TYPES AND FIELD BIOPHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS. THIS PROJECT WILL ADDRESS THESE CHALLENGES BY TRANSLATING THE SCIENCE OF SOIL ORGANIC CARBON (SOC) SEQUESTRATION AND FARMER BEHAVIOR INTO ACTIONS THAT INCREASE SOC STORED IN AGRICULTURAL FIELDS OF THE MWCB WHILE BALANCING OTHER ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL GOALS. TO ACCOMPLISH THIS OUTCOME WE WILL DEVELOP AN INTEGRATED POLICY AND DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM THAT QUANTIFIES ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL OUTCOMES OF CSAP ADOPTION FROM FIELD TO REGIONAL SCALES. THE DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM WILL ENABLE THE DEVELOPMENT OF EDUCATIONAL AND EXTENSION RESOURCES INCLUDING A MULTI-SCALE INTEGRATED MODEL ENABLED THROUGH KNOWLEDGE-GUIDED MACHINE LEARNING; AN EXPANDED CONSERVATION MANAGEMENT DECISION SUPPORT TOOL LEVERAGING COMET-PLANNER (CARBON MANAGEMENT AND EMISSION TOOL) TO QUANTIFY TRADE-OFFS SYNERGIES AND RISKS OF CSAP ADOPTION; A VIRTUAL POLICY SCENARIO DASHBOARD; AN UNDER-REPRESENTED MINORITY UNDERGRADUATE STEM RESEARCH EXPERIENCE; A TRANSDISCIPLINARY GRADUATE TRAINING PROGRAM; AND AN ONLINE CARBON SCIENCE AND POLICY CERTIFICATION PROGRAM FOR PROFESSIONALS. THE RESULTING TOOLS WILL ENCOURAGE MORE WIDESPREAD ADOPTION OF CSAP THROUGH IMPROVED APPLICATION OF GOVERNMENT AND PRIVATE INCENTIVES FOR CARBON STORAGE COMBINED WITH ENHANCED KNOWLEDGE OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE CARBON CYCLE HYDROLOGIC CYCLE AND WATER QUALITY. THE PROJECT WILL ACHIEVE A LONGER-TERM IMPACT THROUGH ITS UNDERGRADUATE RESEARCH PROGRAM AND TRANSDISCIPLINARY GRADUATE STUDENT COHORT BOTH OF WHICH WILL INSPIRE NOVEL THINKING ABOUT FUTURE COMPLEX SCIENCE PROBLEMS AND THEIR SOLUTIONS.

OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY: NEW AWARD. CONTROL NUMBER: 1564-1532 TITLE: ''FUEL ECONOMY OPTIMIZATION WITH DYNAMIC SKIP FIRE IN A CONNECTED AND AUTOMATED VEHICLE'' THIS PROJECT WILL DEVELOP AND CO-OPTIMIZE ADVANCED POWERTRAIN AND VEHICLE-LEVEL DYNAMIC CONTROL BASED ON KNOWLEDGE OF THE VEHICLE?S OPERATING ENVIRONMENT USING LOOK-AHEAD INFORMATION MADE AVAILABLE WITH CONNECTED VEHICLE TECHNOLOGIES.

STRATEGIES TO AUGMENT KETOSIS (STAK) FOR ENHANCED READINESS AND DISEASE REVERSAL

ROLE OF THE NON-CANONICAL INFLAMMASOME IN SARS-COV-2-MEDIATED PATHOLOGY AND COAGULOPATHY - OVERALL - ABSTRACT COVID-19 IS A WORLD-WIDE HEALTH PROBLEM CAUSED BY SARS-COV-2 VIRAL INFECTION IN THE LUNG WITH LONG-TERM SYMPTOMS IN AT LEAST ONE THIRD OF PATIENTS. MANY COVID-19 PATIENTS SUFFER FROM SILENT OR IDENTIFIED THROMBI IN MAJOR ORGANS SUCH AS THE LUNG AND THE BRAIN AND HAVE INCREASED OCCURRENCE OF CARDIAC EVENTS. THEY ALSO EXPERIENCE HIGH LEVELS OF INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES COLLECTIVELY CALLED CYTOKINE STORM. COMBINED, THESE REACTIONS LEAD TO ORGAN DAMAGE AND LONG- TERM SEQUELAE OF INFECTION COMMONLY TERMED LONG-COVID. OUR PROGRAM TEAM WILL JOIN FORCES TO DETERMINE THE HOST CELL MECHANISMS UNDERLYING TISSUE DAMAGE IN THE LUNG AND HOW SARS-COV- 2 ALTERS IMMUNE RESPONSES (PROJECT 1), AS WELL AS IN THE BRAIN AND BLOOD CIRCULATION (PROJECT 2). IDENTIFICATION AND TARGETING OF HOST MECHANISMS THAT CONTROL THE MULTI-ORGAN INFLAMMATORY PATHOLOGIES OF COVID-19 WILL SYNERGIZE WITH THE TARGETING OF CELLULAR ENZYMES THAT CONTROL SARS- COV-2 REPLICATION (PROJECT 3). TOGETHER, OUR TEAM WILL REVEAL AND TEST NOVEL THERAPEUTIC TARGETS TO COLLECTIVELY TAME INFLAMMATION, NEUROINFLAMMATION AND THROMBOSIS AND TO RESTRICT VIRAL REPLICATION. TO ACHIEVE SUCH A COMPREHENSIVE OVERALL GOAL, THE THREE PROJECTS BY FOUR CORES THAT WILL OFFER ADMINISTRATION, BIOSTATISTICAL AND BIOINFORMATIC SUPPORT, ANIMAL MODELS AND PURIFIED VIRAL STRAINS, AND RELEVANT PRIMARY CELL TYPES WITH GENETIC MANIPULATIONS TO PERFORM THE PLANNED EXPERIMENTS. OUR PROGRAM WILL SPEARHEAD EFFORTS TO BETTER UNDERSTAND THE MECHANISMS OF COVID-19 PATHOLOGY IN DIFFERENT ORGANS AND TO IDENTIFY NOVEL DRUG TARGETS TO LIMIT THE SEVERITY OF COVID-19 AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF LONG-COVID.

THE VIRTUAL LABORATORY SCHOOL (VLS; WWW.VIRTUALLABSCHOOL.ORG) WAS DESIGNED TO BE A DYNAMIC PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT SYSTEM THAT IS RESPONSIVE TO EMERGING NEEDS IN MILITARY SETTINGS AND REFLECT THE RAPIDLY INCREASING BODY OF RESEARCH THAT SHOULD INFORM THE CARE AND EDUCATION OF YOUNG CHILDREN. THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS PROJECT IS TO CONTINUE THE WORK OF THE VLS IN PROVIDING INNOVATIVE AND COST-EFFECTIVE VIRTUAL PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT (PD) FOR CHILD DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM STAFF; OFFERING A PD SYSTEM GROUNDED UPON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF REFLECTIVE PRACTICE, TAILORED COACHING TO SUPPORT STAFF MEMBERS' USE OF OPTIMAL PRACTICES, AND EVIDENCE-BASED STRATEGIES TO SUPPORT ADULT LEARNERS. WE WILL ACCOMPLISH THIS OBJECTIVE BY UPDATING CURRENT VLS CONTENT IN RESPONSE TO NEW RESEARCH, AS WELL AS EXPERT AND USER FEEDBACK, REVISING WEBSITE AND BACKEND DATABASE CODE IN RESPONSE TO USER FEEDBACK AND CHANGES IN INDUSTRY STANDARDS, AND DEVELOPING AND PILOTING NEW CONTENT IN RESPONSE TO NEEDS IDENTIFIED BYPROJECT STAKEHOLDERS. IMPLEMENTATION OF THE VLS PD SYSTEM WILL BE SUPPORTED BY PROVIDING REGIONAL TRAINING SESSIONS FOR MILITARY-AFFILIATED TRAINING AND CURRICULUM SPECIALISTS, PROGRAM MANAGERS, OTHER CHILD AND YOUTH PROGRAM LEADERS AND INSPECTORS. TECHNICAL SYSTEMS AND IN-PERSON ACTIVITIES WILL BE USED TO COLLECT AND UTILIZE USER AND STAKEHOLDER FEEDBACK THROUGHOUT THE PROJECT.

CENTER FOR SEROLOGICAL TESTING TO IMPROVE OUTCOMES FROM PANDEMIC COVID-19 (STOP-COVID)

OSU AS A NETWORK LEAD ACADEMIC PARTICIPATING SITE FOR THE NCI NCTN

COMPARING TREATMENT APPROACHES TO PROMOTE INPATIENT REHABILITATION EFFECTIVENESS FOR TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY (CARE 4 TBI) - MODERATE-SEVERE TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY (TBI) RESULTS IN PHYSICAL, BEHAVIORAL, AND COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENTS THAT CAN HAVE A DEVASTATING IMPACT ON FUNCTIONING IN THE COMMUNITY. COMPREHENSIVE INTERDISCIPLINARY INPATIENT REHABILITATION CAN MAXIMIZE FUNCTION AND REDUCE COMPLICATIONS. HOWEVER, CLINICIANS AND RESEARCHERS ARE UNABLE TO ANSWER THE QUESTION, “WHICH OF THE WIDE RANGE OF REHABILITATION PRACTICES CAN MOST EFFECTIVELY ADVANCE RECOVERY AND IMPROVE OUTCOMES?” DUE TO THE COMPLEXITY OF THE REHABILITATION PROCESS AND THE HETEROGENEITY OF THE TBI PATIENT POPULATION, THE STANDARD APPROACH TO COMPARATIVE EFFECTIVENESS RESEARCH, THE RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL, IS INADEQUATE. NEVERTHELESS, WITH GROWING LIMITATIONS ON HEALTHCARE RESOURCES AND SHORTER LENGTHS OF STAY, IT IS URGENT AND CRITICAL TO IDENTIFY THE SPECIFIC REHABILITATION APPROACHES THAT CAN OPTIMIZE OUTCOMES FOR PERSONS WITH TBI. A PRAGMATIC, PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY TO CLOSE THIS EVIDENCE GAP IS PROPOSED. BY LEVERAGING THE INFRASTRUCTURE OF THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DISABILITY, INDEPENDENT LIVING AND REHABILITATION RESEARCH’S TBI MODEL SYSTEMS, THE LARGEST LONGITUDINAL STUDY OF MODERATE-SEVERE TBI IN THE WORLD, THE DATA NEEDED TO COMPARE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF DIFFERENT REHABILITATION APPROACHES WILL QUICKLY ACCUMULATE. RECENT ADVANCES IN DATA CAPTURE, THROUGH ELECTRONIC MEDICAL RECORDS (EMR), AND IN ADVANCED STATISTICAL METHODS PROVIDE THE AVENUE BY WHICH THE COMPLEXITY OF REHABILITATION CAN BE SCIENTIFICALLY STUDIED. AIM 1: THIS STUDY AIMS TO LEVERAGE EMR TECHNOLOGY TO ENSURE DATA IDENTIFIED AS CRITICAL TO REHABILITATION TREATMENT ARE CAPTURED THROUGH STANDARDIZED DOCUMENTATION DURING THE NATURAL COURSE OF A PATIENT’S HOSPITALIZATION. AIM 2: INCORPORATING THE FINDINGS OF PRELIMINARY STUDIES ON COMPARATIVE EFFECTIVENESS OF TREATMENT APPROACHES, THIS STUDY WILL AIM TO EVALUATE THE IMPACT OF DIFFERENT APPROACHES TO TREATMENT ON PATIENT OUTCOMES. IT IS HYPOTHESIZED THAT REHABILITATION INTERVENTIONS DIRECTLY TARGETING PERFORMANCE OF REAL-LIFE ACTIVITIES (CONTEXTTX) AND HIGHER-LEVEL FUNCTIONS (ADVTX) WILL INDIVIDUALLY AND IN COMBINATION IMPROVE COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION AT 1-YEAR POST-INJURY, AS WELL AS ON FUNCTIONAL INDEPENDENCE AT DISCHARGE AND AT 1-YEAR POST-INJURY. AIM 3: IDENTIFY TIME-VARYING PATIENT AND SETTING FACTORS THAT CAN CHANGE OVER THE COURSE OF REHABILITATION AND THAT MODIFY THE EFFECTS OF TREATMENT. ADVANCED STATISTICAL ANALYSES COUPLED WITH DATA CAPTURE MADE FEASIBLE BY EFFECTIVELY DESIGNED EMR DOCUMENTATION FROM FRONTLINE PROVIDERS WILL PROVIDE THE DATA NECESSARY TO IDENTIFY WHICH TREATMENT APPROACHES ARE ASSOCIATED WITH BETTER PATIENT OUTCOMES. THIS IN TURN WILL ARM CLINICAL PROVIDERS WITH VALUABLE KNOWLEDGE TO DESIGN THE MOST EFFECTIVE TREATMENT PLANS FOR PATIENTS. THE FINDINGS OF THIS STUDY WILL FURTHER EMPOWER CLINICAL OPERATORS WITH THE NECESSARY INFORMATION TO ADVOCATE AND PROMOTE EVIDENCE-BASED TREATMENTS FOR TBI RECOVERY TO FISCAL STEWARDS, CREDENTIALING BODIES, AND REGULATORY AGENCIES.

HEALTH CENTER PROGRAM

STRESS EFFECTS ON VIRUS PROTEIN INDUCED INFLAMMATION AND SICKNESS BEHAVIOR

AUGMENTING SUICIDE PREVENTION INTERVENTIONS FOR SERVICE MEMBERS (ASPIS)

ENHANCING THE SAFETY PROFILE AND EFFICACY OF LOW-TITER GROUP O WHOLE BLOOD

REFINING AND EXPANDING HEROES: A LITERACY INTERVENTION FOR YOUNG STUDENTS WITH IEPS

CONSEQUENCES OF BRAIN INJURY ON GLIA-NEURON DYNAMICS, NEUROPATHOLOGY, AND NEUROPSYCHIATRIC ILLNESS

OVERCOMING NEUROGENIC ?META-INFLAMMATION? TO PROMOTE RECOVERY AFTER SPINAL CORD INJURY

RESOURCE FOR NATIVE MASS SPECTROMETRY GUIDED STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY

LOW AND NO EMISSION - COMPONENT ASSESSMENT PROGRAM

IDENTIFYING ADVERSE MODES VIA HUMAN-MACHINE CYBERNETIC MODELING

TAS::89 0222::TAS - NUCLEAR THEORY FOR HIGH ENERGY COLLISIONS; PI - ULRICH HEINZ

NEW START COOPERATIVE AGREEMENT TITLE "SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF NEXT-GENERATION MM-WAVE AND THZ A1GAN TRANSISTORS

ENGINEERING-SCALE DESIGN AND TESTING OF TRANSFORMATIONAL MEMBRANE TECHNOLOGY FOR CO2 CAPTURE FROM CEMENT GAS THE OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY WILL DESIGN AND TEST AN ENGINEERING-SCALE CARBON CAPTURE SYSTEM AT THE HOLCIM US CEMENT PLANT IN HOLLY HILL, SOUTH CAROLINA.

MECHNANISM OF TRANSCRIPT ELONGATION CONTROL BY RFAH

THE OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY (OSU) APPROVED PLAN OF WORK (POW) ENCOMPASSES A FIVE?YEAR PERIOD BEGINNING ON OCTOBER 1, 2022 AND REPRESENTS A JOINT EFFORT BY THE TWO CRITICAL COMPONENTS OF OSU'S COLLEGE OF FOOD, AGRICULTURAL, AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES (CFAES): THE OHIO AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION (ALSO KNOWN AS OARDC) AND OSU EXTENSION. CFAES RESEARCH AND EXTENSION PROGRAMS ARE CONDUCTED IN NINE ACADEMIC DEPARTMENTS ON OUR CAMPUSES IN COLUMBUS AND WOOSTER; ELEVEN RESEARCH STATIONS AND FIELD LABS; AND IN ALL 88 COUNTIES THROUGHOUT THE STATE. FACULTY IN CFAES ENGAGE IN RESEARCH FROM VERY BASIC CELLULAR LEVEL RESPONSES TO APPLICATIONS OF DISEASE AND PEST MANAGEMENT AS WELL AS DEVELOPING NEW TECHNOLOGIES AND USES FOR AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS AND WASTE. WHILE THE FOOD AND AGRICULTURAL INDUSTRY IS THE LARGEST INDUSTRY IN THE BUCKEYE STATE, CFAES RESEARCH REACHES BEYOND AGRICULTURE AND COVERS ENVIRONMENTAL, WATER QUALITY AND SOCIETAL ISSUES THAT RURAL AND URBAN COMMUNITIES FACE. CFAES RECENTLYUPDATED OUR STRATEGIC PLAN, INCLUDING THE GOALS LISTED BELOW TO GUIDE OUR WORK AND ACTIONS AT ALL LEVELS AND WITH INVOLVEMENT OF RESEARCH FACULTY IN ALL AREAS. GOAL 1: STUDENT/LEARNER FIRST PHILOSOPHY ? CFAES TEACHING REACHES ACROSS THE LIFESPAN FROM YOUTH SERVED THROUGH 4?H PROGRAMS TO STUDENTS PURSUING DEGREES ON CAMPUS TO 2 MILLION PLUS LIFELONG LEARNERS IN EXTENSION PROGRAMS. GOAL 2: INNOVATIVE SCHOLARSHIP TO SUSTAIN LIFE ? CFAES RESEARCH PROJECTS AND EXTENSION PROGRAMS ADDRESS OUR CRITICAL ISSUES WHICH COVER AREAS IN HEALTH AND WELLNESS, ECONOMIC VITALITY, FOOD SECURITY AND PRODUCTION, ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY AND SUSTAINABILITY AS WELL AS HELPING PEOPLE THRIVE ACROSS THE LIFESPAN. GOAL 3: CAPACITY BUILDING OF OUR PEOPLE AND OUR COMMUNITIES ? PEOPLE ARE OUR GREATEST ASSET AND CFAES STRIVES TO BUILD ON THE SUCCESS OF OUR PEOPLE. CHANGING WORKFORCE DYNAMICS, COVID?19 PRESSURES, MARKET COMPETITION, ECONOMIC DRIVERS, AN INCREASING DESIRE FOR A MORE BALANCED APPROACH TO HOW LIFE AND WORK INTERFACE, AND A NEED FOR DIVERSIFYING OUR TALENT. GOAL 4: PARTNER OF CHOICE ? CFAES WANTS TO ENGAGE OUR ENTIRE COMMUNITY, INCLUDING BOTH INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL STAKEHOLDERS. GOAL 5: RESOURCE STEWARDSHIP IN A ONE?COLLEGE MODEL ? CFAES CONTINUES TO TRANSFORM AND IMPROVE OUR PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT ACROSS OUR THREE CAMPUSES. A NEW SCIENCE BUILDING PROVIDING MODERN RESEARCH SPACE WAS RECENTLY COMPLETED ON THE WOOSTER CAMPUS AND THE NEW CONTROLLED ENVIRONMENT AGRICULTURE RESEARCH COMPLEX, WILL OPEN SOON AT WATERMAN FARM ON THE COLUMBUS CAMPUS. THE JOINT POW WAS DEVELOPED AROUND THESE GOALS AS WELL AS FIVE CRITICAL ISSUES. 1) HEALTH AND WELLNESS - EXPLORING HEALTH RELATED ISSUES INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO MENTAL HEALTH AWARENESS AND INITIATIVES, HEALTH INEQUITY, CHRONIC DISEASE AND OBESITY PREVENTION, COMMUNITY NUTRITION EDUCATION, AND FARM SAFETY. 2) ECONOMIC VITALITY - ISSUES RELATED TO ECONOMIC VITALITY INCLUDE BUT ARE NOT LIMITED TO BUSINESS RETENTION AND EXPANSION, ENHANCING RURAL ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES, INCREASING BROADBAND ACCESS IN RURAL AREAS, THE EFFECTS OF TRADE POLICIES ON FOOD AND AG INDUSTRIES, AND THE ECONOMIC BENEFITS OF ECOSYSTEM MANAGEMENT. 3) FOOD SECURITY AND PRODUCTION - WE WILL EXPLORE ISSUES RELATED TO MITIGATING FOOD INSECURITY THROUGH COMMUNITY SERVICE AND FOOD PRODUCTION EDUCATION PROGRAMS AND FOOD SYSTEM SUSTAINABILITY INCLUDING DIGITAL AGRICULTURE, CLIMATE SMART AGRICULTURE, IMPROVED FOOD ANIMAL HEALTH AND PRODUCTION, CROP IMPROVEMENT AND RESILIENCY, WEED AND PEST CONTROL, PLANT BREEDING AND DISEASE RESISTANCE, NUTRIENT DENSE FOODS, NEW FOOD PRESERVATIVES, AND ANTIMICROBIAL FOOD PACKAGING. 4) ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY AND SUSTAINABILITY. RESEARCH TOPICS COVER AREAS SUCH AS SOIL HEALTH AND REMEDIATION, BIOLOGICAL CONTROL AGENTS, REDUCTION OF PESTICIDE USE, SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION OF POLYMERS AND BIOPLASTICS, WATER QUALITY AND WASTEWATER TREATMENT, AQUATIC ECOSYSTEM HEALTH, AIR QUALITY AND SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION OF BIOPRODUCTS AND RENEWABLE FUELS. 5) THRIVING ACROSS THE LIFESPAN ? PROGRAMS UNDER THIS CRITICAL ISSUE ARE RELATED TO POSITIVE HUMAN DEVELOPMENT FOR ALL AGES. A MAJOR FOCUS IS YOUTH DEVELOPMENT THROUGH 4?H AND FINANCIAL LITERACY PROGRAMS.

HATCH REGULAR RESEARCH

THE OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY APPROVED PLAN OF WORK ENCOMPASSES A FIVE-YEAR PERIOD AND REPRESENTS A JOINT EFFORT BY THE TWO CRITICAL COMPONENTS OF OSU'S COLLEGE OF FOOD, AGRICULTURAL, AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES (CFAES), THE OHIO AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION (OARDC) AND OSU EXTENSION. CFAES RESEARCH AND EXTENSION PROGRAMS ARE CONDUCTED IN NINE ACADEMIC DEPARTMENTS ON OUR CAMPUSES IN COLUMBUS AND WOOSTER, ELEVEN RESEARCH STATIONS AND FIELD LABS, AND IN ALL 88 COUNTIES THROUGHOUT THE STATE. WHILE THE FOOD AND AGRICULTURAL INDUSTRY IS THE LARGEST INDUSTRY IN THE BUCKEYE STATE, CFAES RESEARCH REACHES BEYOND AGRICULTURE AND COVERS ENVIRONMENTAL, WATER QUALITY AND SOCIETAL ISSUES THAT RURAL AND URBAN COMMUNITIES FACE. CFAES RECENTLY UPDATED OUR STRATEGIC PLAN, INCLUDING THE GOALS LISTED BELOW TO GUIDE OUR WORK AND ACTIONS AT ALL LEVELS AND WITH INVOLVEMENT OF RESEARCH FACULTY IN ALL AREAS. GOAL 1 STUDENT/LEARNER FIRST PHILOSOPHY, CFAES TEACHING REACHES ACROSS THE LIFESPAN FROM YOUTH SERVED THROUGH 4-H PROGRAMS TO STUDENTS PURSUING DEGREES ON CAMPUS TO 2 MILLION PLUS LIFELONG LEARNERS IN EXTENSION PROGRAMS. GOAL 2 INNOVATIVE SCHOLARSHIP TO SUSTAIN LIFE, CFAES RESEARCH PROJECTS AND EXTENSION PROGRAMS ADDRESS OUR CRITICAL ISSUES WHICH COVER AREAS IN HEALTH AND WELLNESS, ECONOMIC VITALITY, FOOD SECURITY AND P RODUCTION, ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY AND SUSTAINABILITY AS WELL AS HELPING PEOPLE THRIVE ACROSS THE LIFESPAN. GOAL 3 CAPACITY BUILDING OF OUR PEOPLE AND OUR COMMUNITIES. PEOPLE ARE OUR GREATEST ASSET AND CFAES STRIVES TO BUILD ON THE SUCCESS OF OUR PEOPLE. CHANGING WORKFORCE DYNAMICS, COVID-19 PRESSURES, MARKET COMPETITION, ECONOMIC DRIVERS, AN INCREASING DESIRE FOR A MORE BALANCED APPROACH TO HOW LIFE AND WORK INTERFACE, AND A NEED FOR DIVERSIFYING OUR TALENT. GOAL 4 PARTNER OF CHOICE, CFAES WANTS TO ENGAGE OUR ENTIRE COMMUNITY, INCLUDING BOTH INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL STAKEHOLDERS. GOAL 5 RESOURCE STEWARDSHIP IN A ONE-COLLEGE MODEL, CFAES CONTINUES TO TRANSFORM AND IMPROVE OUR PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT ACROSS OUR THREE CAMPUSES. A NEW SCIENCE BUILDING PROVIDING MODERN RESEARCH SPACE WAS RECENTLY COMPLETED ON THE WOOSTER CAMPUS AND THE NEW CONTROLLED ENVIRONMENT AGRICULTURE RESEARCH COMPLEX HAS RECENTLY OPENED AT WATERMAN FARM ON THE COLUMBUS CAMPUS. THE JOINT POW WAS DEVELOPED AROUND THESE GOALS AS WELL AS FIVE CRITICAL ISSUES. 1 HEALTH AND WELLNESS, EXPLORING HEALTH RELATED ISSUES INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO MENTAL HEALTH AWARENESS AND INITIATIVES, HEALTH INEQUITY, CHRONIC DISEASE AND OBESITY PREVENTION, COMMUNITY NUTRITION EDUCATION, AND FARM SAFETY. 2 ECONOMIC VITALITY, ISSUES RELATED TO ECONOMIC VITALITY INCLUDE BUT ARE NOT LIMITED TO BUSINESS RETENTION AND EXPANSION, ENHANCING RURAL ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES, INCREASING BROADBAND ACCESS IN RURAL AREAS, THE EFFECTS OF TRADE POLICIES ON FOOD AND AG INDUSTRIES, AND THE ECONOMIC BENEFITS OF ECOSYSTEM MANAGEMENT. 3 FOOD SECURITY AND PRODUCTION, WE WILL EXPLORE ISSUES RELATED TO MITIGATING FOOD INSECURITY THROUGH COMMUNITY SERVICE AND FOOD PRODUCTION EDUCATION PROGRAMS AND FOOD SYSTEM SUSTAINABILITY INCLUDING DIGITAL AGRICULTURE, CLIMATE SMART AGRICULTURE, IMPROVED FOOD ANIMAL HEALTH AND PRODUCTION, CROP IMPROVEMENT AND RESILIENCY, WEED AND PEST CONTROL, PLANT BREEDING AND DISEASE RESISTANCE, NUTRIENT DENSE FOODS, NEW FOOD PRESERVATIVES, AND ANTIMICROBIAL FOOD PACKAGING. 4 ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY AND SUSTAINABILITY. RESEARCH TOPICS COVER AREAS SUCH AS SOIL HEALTH AND REMEDIATION, BIOLOGICAL CONTROL AGENTS, REDUCTION OF PESTICIDE USE, SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION OF POLYMERS AND BIOPLASTICS, WATER QUALITY AND WASTEWATER TREATMENT, AQUATIC ECOSYSTEM HEALTH, AIR QUALITY AND SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION OF BIOPRODUCTS AND RENEWABLE FUELS. 5 THRIVING ACROSS THE LIFESPAN, PROGRAMS UNDER THIS CRITICAL ISSUE ARE RELATED TO POSITIVE HUMAN DEVELOPMENT FOR ALL AGES. A MAJOR FOCUS IS YOUTH DEVELOPMENT THROUGH 4-H AND FINANCIAL LITERACY PROGRAMS.

HATCH REGULAR RESEARCH

HATCH REGULAR RESEARCH

THE OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY APPROVED PLAN OF WORK ENCOMPASSES A FIVE-YEAR PERIOD AND REPRESENTS A JOINT EFFORT BY THE TWO CRITICAL COMPONENTS OF OSU'S COLLEGE OF FOOD, AGRICULTURAL, AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES (CFAES), THE OHIO AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION (OARDC) AND OSU EXTENSION. CFAES RESEARCH AND EXTENSION PROGRAMS ARE CONDUCTED IN NINE ACADEMIC DEPARTMENTS ON OUR CAMPUSES IN COLUMBUS AND WOOSTER, ELEVEN RESEARCH STATIONS AND FIELD LABS, AND IN ALL 88 COUNTIES THROUGHOUT THE STATE. WHILE THE FOOD AND AGRICULTURAL INDUSTRY IS THE LARGEST INDUSTRY IN THE BUCKEYE STATE, CFAES RESEARCH REACHES BEYOND AGRICULTURE AND COVERS ENVIRONMENTAL, WATER QUALITY AND SOCIETAL ISSUES THAT RURAL AND URBAN COMMUNITIES FACE. CFAES RECENTLY UPDATED OUR STRATEGIC PLAN, INCLUDING THE GOALS LISTED BELOW TO GUIDE OUR WORK AND ACTIONS AT ALL LEVELS AND WITH INVOLVEMENT OF RESEARCH FACULTY IN ALL AREAS. GOAL 1 STUDENT/LEARNER FIRST PHILOSOPHY, CFAES TEACHING REACHES ACROSS THE LIFESPAN FROM YOUTH SERVED THROUGH 4-H PROGRAMS TO STUDENTS PURSUING DEGREES ON CAMPUS TO 2 MILLION PLUS LIFELONG LEARNERS IN EXTENSION PROGRAMS. GOAL 2 INNOVATIVE SCHOLARSHIP TO SUSTAIN LIFE, CFAES RESEARCH PROJECTS AND EXTENSION PROGRAMS ADDRESS OUR CRITICAL ISSUES WHICH COVER AREAS IN HEALTH AND WELLNESS, ECONOMIC VITALITY, FOOD SECURITY AND P RODUCTION, ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY AND SUSTAINABILITY AS WELL AS HELPING PEOPLE THRIVE ACROSS THE LIFESPAN. GOAL 3 CAPACITY BUILDING OF OUR PEOPLE AND OUR COMMUNITIES. PEOPLE ARE OUR GREATEST ASSET AND CFAES STRIVES TO BUILD ON THE SUCCESS OF OUR PEOPLE. CHANGING WORKFORCE DYNAMICS, COVID-19 PRESSURES, MARKET COMPETITION, ECONOMIC DRIVERS, AN INCREASING DESIRE FOR A MORE BALANCED APPROACH TO HOW LIFE AND WORK INTERFACE, AND A NEED FOR DIVERSIFYING OUR TALENT. GOAL 4 PARTNER OF CHOICE, CFAES WANTS TO ENGAGE OUR ENTIRE COMMUNITY, INCLUDING BOTH INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL STAKEHOLDERS. GOAL 5 RESOURCE STEWARDSHIP IN A ONE-COLLEGE MODEL, CFAES CONTINUES TO TRANSFORM AND IMPROVE OUR PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT ACROSS OUR THREE CAMPUSES. A NEW SCIENCE BUILDING PROVIDING MODERN RESEARCH SPACE WAS RECENTLY COMPLETED ON THE WOOSTER CAMPUS AND THE NEW CONTROLLED ENVIRONMENT AGRICULTURE RESEARCH COMPLEX HAS RECENTLY OPENED AT WATERMAN FARM ON THE COLUMBUS CAMPUS. THE JOINT POW WAS DEVELOPED AROUND THESE GOALS AS WELL AS FIVE CRITICAL ISSUES. 1 HEALTH AND WELLNESS, EXPLORING HEALTH RELATED ISSUES INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO MENTAL HEALTH AWARENESS AND INITIATIVES, HEALTH INEQUITY, CHRONIC DISEASE AND OBESITY PREVENTION, COMMUNITY NUTRITION EDUCATION, AND FARM SAFETY. 2 ECONOMIC VITALITY, ISSUES RELATED TO ECONOMIC VITALITY INCLUDE BUT ARE NOT LIMITED TO BUSINESS RETENTION AND EXPANSION, ENHANCING RURAL ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES, INCREASING BROADBAND ACCESS IN RURAL AREAS, THE EFFECTS OF TRADE POLICIES ON FOOD AND AG INDUSTRIES, AND THE ECONOMIC BENEFITS OF ECOSYSTEM MANAGEMENT. 3 FOOD SECURITY AND PRODUCTION, WE WILL EXPLORE ISSUES RELATED TO MITIGATING FOOD INSECURITY THROUGH COMMUNITY SERVICE AND FOOD PRODUCTION EDUCATION PROGRAMS AND FOOD SYSTEM SUSTAINABILITY INCLUDING DIGITAL AGRICULTURE, CLIMATE SMART AGRICULTURE, IMPROVED FOOD ANIMAL HEALTH AND PRODUCTION, CROP IMPROVEMENT AND RESILIENCY, WEED AND PEST CONTROL, PLANT BREEDING AND DISEASE RESISTANCE, NUTRIENT DENSE FOODS, NEW FOOD PRESERVATIVES, AND ANTIMICROBIAL FOOD PACKAGING. 4 ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY AND SUSTAINABILITY. RESEARCH TOPICS COVER AREAS SUCH AS SOIL HEALTH AND REMEDIATION, BIOLOGICAL CONTROL AGENTS, REDUCTION OF PESTICIDE USE, SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION OF POLYMERS AND BIOPLASTICS, WATER QUALITY AND WASTEWATER TREATMENT, AQUATIC ECOSYSTEM HEALTH, AIR QUALITY AND SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION OF BIOPRODUCTS AND RENEWABLE FUELS. 5 THRIVING ACROSS THE LIFESPAN, PROGRAMS UNDER THIS CRITICAL ISSUE ARE RELATED TO POSITIVE HUMAN DEVELOPMENT FOR ALL AGES. A MAJOR FOCUS IS YOUTH DEVELOPMENT THROUGH 4-H AND FINANCIAL LITERACY PROGRAMS.

HATCH REGULAR RESEARCH

THE OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY APPROVED PLAN OF WORK (POW) ENCOMPASSES A FIVE-YEAR PERIOD AND REPRESENTS A JOINT EFFORT BY THE TWO CRITICAL COMPONENTS OF OSU'S COLLEGE OF FOOD, AGRICULTURAL, AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES (CFAES), THE OHIO AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION (OARDC) AND OSU EXTENSION. CFAES RESEARCH AND EXTENSION PROGRAMS ARE CONDUCTED IN NINE ACADEMIC DEPARTMENTS ON OUR CAMPUSES IN COLUMBUS AND WOOSTER, ELEVEN RESEARCH STATIONS AND FIELD LABS, AND IN ALL 88 COUNTIES THROUGHOUT THE STATE. WHILE THE FOOD AND AGRICULTURAL INDUSTRY IS THE LARGEST INDUSTRY IN THE BUCKEYE STATE, CFAES RESEARCH REACHES BEYOND AGRICULTURE AND COVERS ENVIRONMENTAL, WATER QUALITY AND SOCIETAL ISSUES THAT RURAL AND URBAN COMMUNITIES FACE. THE CFAES STRATEGIC PLAN INCLUDES: GOAL 1 STUDENT/LEARNER FIRST PHILOSOPHY, CFAES TEACHING REACHES ACROSS THE LIFESPAN FROM YOUTH SERVED THROUGH 4-H PROGRAMS TO STUDENTS PURSUING DEGREES ON CAMPUS TO 2 MILLION PLUS LIFELONG LEARNERS IN EXTENSION PROGRAMS. GOAL 2 INNOVATIVE SCHOLARSHIP TO SUSTAIN LIFE, CFAES RESEARCH PROJECTS AND EXTENSION PROGRAMS ADDRESS OUR CRITICAL ISSUES WHICH COVER AREAS IN HEALTH AND WELLNESS, ECONOMIC VITALITY, FOOD SECURITY AND PRODUCTION, ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY AS WELL AS HELPING PEOPLE THRIVE ACROSS THE LIFESPAN. GOAL 3 CAPACITY BUILDING OF OUR PEOPLE AND OUR COMMUNITIES. PEOPLE ARE OUR GREATEST ASSET AND CFAES STRIVES TO BUILD ON THE SUCCESS OF OUR PEOPLE. CHANGING WORKFORCE DYNAMICS, MARKET COMPETITION, ECONOMIC DRIVERS, AN INCREASING DESIRE FOR A MORE BALANCED APPROACH TO HOW LIFE AND WORK INTERFACE, AND A NEED FOR DIVERSIFYING OUR TALENT. GOAL 4 PARTNER OF CHOICE, CFAES WANTS TO ENGAGE OUR ENTIRE COMMUNITY, INCLUDING BOTH INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL STAKEHOLDERS. GOAL 5 RESOURCE STEWARDSHIP IN A ONE-COLLEGE MODEL, CFAES CONTINUES TO TRANSFORM AND IMPROVE OUR PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT ACROSS OUR THREE CAMPUSES. RECENTLY COMPLETED PROJECTS INCLUDE A NEW SCIENCE BUILDING PROVIDING MODERN RESEARCH SPACE ON THE WOOSTER CAMPUS AND THE NEW CONTROLLED ENVIRONMENT AGRICULTURE RESEARCH COMPLEX AT WATERMAN FARM ON THE COLUMBUS CAMPUS. THE MULTISPECIES ANIMAL LEARNING CENTER IS UNDER CONSTRUCTION AT THE WATERMAN FARM ON THE COLUMBUS CAMPUS. THE JOINT POW WAS DEVELOPED AROUND THESE GOALS AS WELL AS FIVE CRITICAL ISSUES. 1 HEALTH AND WELLNESS, EXPLORING HEALTH RELATED ISSUES INCLUDING CHRONIC DISEASE PREVENTION, OBESITY REDUCTION, COMMUNITY NUTRITION EDUCATION, FARM SAFETY, AND PRACTICAL APPROACHES TO IMPROVING OVERALL WELL-BEING FOR INDIVIDUALS AND FAMILIES. 2 ECONOMIC VITALITY, ISSUES RELATED TO ECONOMIC VITALITY INCLUDE BUT ARE NOT LIMITED TO BUSINESS RETENTION AND EXPANSION, ENHANCING RURAL ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES, INCREASING BROADBAND ACCESS IN RURAL AREAS, THE EFFECTS OF TRADE POLICIES ON FOOD AND AG INDUSTRIES, AND THE ECONOMIC BENEFITS OF ECOSYSTEM MANAGEMENT. 3 FOOD SECURITY AND PRODUCTION, WE WILL EXPLORE ISSUES RELATED TO MITIGATING FOOD INSECURITY THROUGH COMMUNITY SERVICE AND FOOD PRODUCTION EDUCATION PROGRAMS AND FOOD SYSTEM ENHANCEMENTS INCLUDING DIGITAL AGRICULTURE, RESILIENCE TO EXTREME WEATHER EVENTS, IMPROVED FOOD ANIMAL HEALTH AND PRODUCTION, CROP IMPROVEMENT, WEED AND PEST CONTROL, PLANT BREEDING AND DISEASE RESISTANCE, NUTRIENT DENSE FOODS, NEW FOOD PRESERVATIVES, AND ANTIMICROBIAL FOOD PACKAGING. 4 ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY AND PRODUCTION EFFICIENCY. RESEARCH TOPICS COVER AREAS SUCH AS SOIL HEALTH AND REMEDIATION, BIOLOGICAL CONTROL AGENTS, REDUCTION OF PESTICIDE USE, PRODUCTION OF POLYMERS AND BIOPLASTICS, WATER QUALITY AND WASTEWATER TREATMENT, AQUATIC ECOSYSTEM HEALTH, AIR QUALITY AND PRODUCTION OF BIOPRODUCTS AND RENEWABLE FUELS. 5 THRIVING ACROSS THE LIFESPAN, PROGRAMS UNDER THIS CRITICAL ISSUE ARE RELATED TO POSITIVE HUMAN DEVELOPMENT FOR ALL AGES. A MAJOR FOCUS IS YOUTH DEVELOPMENT THROUGH 4-H AND FINANCIAL LITERACY PROGRAMS. THE CFAES GOALS AND WORK ON THE CRITICAL ISSUES DIRECTLY AND INDIRECTLY BENEFIT FARMERS, RANCHERS AND FORESTERS ACROSS OHIO AND BEYOND.

COMPREHENSIVE TRAINING IN ORAL AND CRANIOFACIAL SCIENCES

TARGETED THERAPY FOR LEUKEMIA

ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM CHAPERONES IN CANCER BIOLOGY AND THERAPY

ABNORMAL INTRACELLULAR CALCIUM RELEASE IN HEART FAILURE

THE HUMAN MISMATCH REPAIR PROTEINS AND CARCINOGENESIS

D18AP00008

CANCER GENE DISCOVERY TO IDENTIFY TARGETABLE TARGETS

HATCH REGULAR RESEARCH

2018 SEA GRANT OMNIBUS PROPOSALS

IMPLEMENTATION OF EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE FOR BENIGN PAROXYSMAL POSITIONAL VERTIG

SES-RELATED DISPARITIES IN EARLY LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT AND CHILD RISK FOR DEVELOPMENTAL LANGUAGE DISORDER

REGULATION AND DYSREGULATION OF CARDIAC EC COUPLING BY CALMODULIN

NATIONAL EXTREME ULTRAFAST SCIENCE (NEXUS) OPERATION & MAINTENANCE -WITH SUPPORT FROM THE NSF DIVISIONS OF CHEMISTRY, ?, THE NSF NATIONAL EXTREME ULTRAFAST SCIENCE FACILITY (NEXUS) IS A FIRST-OF-ITS-KIND LASER USER FACILITY THAT PROVIDES BROAD USER ACCESS TO CUTTING EDGE TOOLS FOR STUDYING ULTRAFAST PROCESSES IN MOLECULES AND MATERIALS. SCIENTIFIC CHALLENGES THAT ARE BEING ADDRESSED BY NEXUS INCLUDE THE ABILITY TO PRODUCE A MOLECULAR ?MOVIE? OF A CHEMICAL REACTION, THE EFFICIENT CAPTURE AND STORAGE OF SUNLIGHT TO MEET DEMANDS FOR RENEWABLE ENERGY, AND THE ABILITY TO MASTER INFORMATION TRANSPORT ON THE ATOMIC SCALE TO CREATE NEW QUANTUM INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES. AS SUCH, NEXUS REPRESENTS A FOCAL POINT OF INTERDISCIPLINARY COLLABORATION AMONG RESEARCHERS SPANNING CHEMISTRY, PHYSICS, MATERIALS SCIENCE, BIOLOGY, AND ENGINEERING. IN THE PAST, THE LACK OF ACCESS TO ULTRAFAST RESEARCH INFRASTRUCTURE HAS NOT ONLY LIMITED THE CAPABILITIES OF US SCIENCE, BUT HAS PRESENTED A MAJOR CHALLENGE TO DEVELOPMENT OF THE DIVERSE WORKFORCE THAT IS NEEDED TO MAINTAIN THE COMPETITIVENESS OF US RESEARCH AND EDUCATION. BY ADDRESSING THESE CHALLENGES, NEXUS FILLS A KEY STRATEGIC GAP IN THE US RESEARCH INFRASTRUCTURE. NEXUS DIRECTLY RESPONDS TO THE COMMUNITY-IDENTIFIED GRAND CHALLENGES OF OBSERVING AND CONTROLLING ENERGY TRANSPORT ON THE SCALE OF INDIVIDUAL ELECTRONS AND ATOMS. TO ACCOMPLISH THIS, THE NEXUS FACILITY ALLOWS DIRECT OBSERVATION OF ELECTRON MOTION WITH ATTOSECOND TO FEMTOSECOND TIME RESOLUTION, ANGSTROM SPATIAL RESOLUTION, AND ELEMENT-SPECIFIC SPECTRAL RESOLUTION. AT THE HEART OF NEXUS IS A KW-CLASS ULTRAFAST LASER THAT PRODUCES XUV AND SOFT X-RAY LIGHT BY HIGH HARMONIC GENERATION. THE COMBINATION OF ATTOSECOND PULSES, SOFT X-RAY PHOTON ENERGIES, AND HIGH REPETITION RATE ENABLES MEASUREMENTS AT NEXUS THAT CAN ONLY BE MADE AT A HANDFUL OF PLACES WORLDWIDE. COMBINING THIS CUTTING-EDGE LIGHT SOURCE WITH STATE-OF-THE-ART ANALYSIS END STATIONS AND A TEAM OF PROFESSIONAL SUPPORT STAFF ALLOWS NEXUS TO SUPPORT A DYNAMIC, OPEN-ACCESS USER PROGRAM THAT LEVELS THE SCIENTIFIC PLAYING FIELD BY PROVIDING RESEARCHERS FROM ALL CAREER STAGES AND INSTITUTIONS ACCESS TO THE MOST ADVANCED CHARACTERIZATION TOOLS AVAILABLE WORLDWIDE FOR ULTRAFAST SCIENCE. THIS AWARD REFLECTS NSF'S STATUTORY MISSION AND HAS BEEN DEEMED WORTHY OF SUPPORT THROUGH EVALUATION USING THE FOUNDATION'S INTELLECTUAL MERIT AND BROADER IMPACTS REVIEW CRITERIA.- SUBAWARDS ARE NOT PLANNED FOR THIS AWARD.

APPALACHIAN AND GREAT LAKES RESEARCH BIOSPECIMEN RESOURCE (AGL-RBR) OF THE COOPERATIVE HUMAN TISSUE NETWORK (CHTN)

(MURI) DISLOCATIONS AS INTERCONNECTS FOR SPIN QUBITS

PREVENTION OF OUD: THE HOME (HOUSING, OPPORTUNITIES, MOTIVATION AND ENGAGEMENT) RANDOMIZED TRIAL

DEFINING NOVEL MECHANISMS FOR HUMAN ARRHYTHMIA

UNIVERSITY TRANSPORTATION CENTERS

THE ROMAN GALACTIC EXOPLANET SURVEY PROJECT INFRASTRUCTURE TEAM

DEVELOPMENT AND NEUROBIOLOGY OF CATEGORIZATION

A9 - SECURE COMMAND AND CONTROL LINK WITH INTERFERENCE MITIGATION.

ROLE OF CYTOGLOBIN IN THE REGULATION OF VASCULAR TONE

** AWARDS ISSUED PRIOR TO JANUARY 20, 2025, WERE FUNDED UNDER PREVIOUS ADMINISTRATIONS AND MAY NOT REFLECT THE PRIORITIES AND POLICIES OF THE CURRENT ADMINISTRATION.** WHILE MANY YOUTHS HAVE AN INTEREST IN AGRICULTURE CAREERS, RECENT RESEARCH FROM A MISSOURI SURVEYSHOWS THAT YOUTH AND THEIR PARENTS HAVE LIMITED AWARENESS OF THE BROAD ARRAY OF CAREER PATHWAYS IN FOOD AND AG SECTORS. ARECENTFEED THE FUTUREREPORT INDICATES THAT YOUTH ARE OFTEN STIFLED FROM PURSUING AGRICULTURAL CAREERS DUE TO: 1) FAMILY AND COMMUNITY PRESSURE TO SELECT ALTERNATIVE CAREERS; 2) PERCEIVED LACK OF PROFITABILITY OF AGRICULTURAL CAREERS; 3) LACK OF ACCESS TO LAND; 4) LACK OF ACCESS TO FINANCING; AND 5) LACK OF ACCESS TO TRAINING, EDUCATION AND INFORMATION NEEDED FOR THE NEXT GENERATION OF AGRICULTURE CAREERS.ALTHOUGH YOUTH ARE TARGETED AS PARTICIPANTS OF EXTENSION DELIVERED PROGRAMMING, NEITHER YOUTH NOR INDUSTRY STAKEHOLDERS HAVE BEEN PROACTIVELY ENGAGED IN THE WORKFORCE PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT PROCESS. WHAT'S MORE, APPROXIMATELY 50% OF HIGH SCHOOL YOUTH REPORT THEY ARE UNSURE OF THEIR CAREER PATH, DON'T UNDERSTAND THE RANGE OF POTENTIAL JOB ROLES, AND CAN'T IDENTIFY CAREER PATHWAYS.TO HELP ADDRESS THESE ISSUES, THIS PROJECT AIMS TO INTRODUCE YOUTH TO THE BROAD ARRAY OF AGRICULTURE AND FOOD SYSTEM CAREER PATHWAYS AVAILABLE TO THEM, STRENGTHEN POSITIVE YOUTH DEVELOPMENT EDUCATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES FOCUSED ON WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT TOPICS THAT HAVE POTENTIAL TO BENEFIT ALL YOUTH, WHILE ALSO MEETING THE AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD INDUSTRY WORKFORCE NEEDS.MORE SPECIFICALLY, THIS PROJECT AIMS TO:1) ESTABLISH A MULTI-STATE, REGIONAL, YOUTH ADVISORY TEAM TO AMPLIFY THEIR VOICE, PROVIDE EXPERIENTIAL LEADERSHIP OPPORTUNITIES, PROMOTE YOUTH-ADULT PARTNERSHIPS, AND EXPAND AWARENESS OF FOOD SYSTEMS CAREERS.2) ASSESS CAREER PATHWAY AWARENESS AND IDENTIFY WAYS TO INCREASE KNOWLEDGE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURAL CAREERS.3) EXAMINE EXISTING PROGRAMMING AND IDENTIFY PROMISING PRACTICES, PARTICULARLY THOSE REACHINGYOUTH WHO HAVE NO ON-FARM EXPERIENCE.4) SYNTHESIZE TOP OPPORTUNITIES IDENTIFIED FROM OUR REGIONAL SURVEYS, FOCUS GROUPS, CASE STUDIES AND YOUTH ADVISORY TEAM TO ENHANCE EXISTING 4-H AND OTHER EXTENSION CURRICULUM AND INFORM NEW PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT.5) SHARE PROJECT RESULTS VIA CURRICULUM SHARING, REPORTING AND PUBLICATIONS.BY INCREASING AWARENESS OF CAREER AND EMPLOYMENT PATHWAYS AND IMPROVING YOUTH-ORIENTED ENGAGEMENT AND RECRUITMENT PRACTICES, WE WILL BE ABLE TO REACH AND WELCOME MORE YOUTH AUDIENCES INTO AGRICULTURE AND FOOD SYSTEMS, MAKE MEANINGFUL ENHANCEMENTS TO 4-H YOUTH DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMMING, CATALYZE FOOD SYSTEM GROWTH, AND ULTIMATELY INSPIRE FUTURE GENERATIONS TO CHOOSE A CAREER IN FOOD AND AGRICULTURE.

CONTROLLED AND UNCONTROLLABLE CALCIUM RELEASE IN HEART

THE OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY PANCREATIC DISORDERS NETWORK (OSU-PDN)

SPOUSAL DEMENTIA CAREGIVERS: RISK FOR ACCELERATED AGING

GRADUATE RESEARCH FELLOWSHIP PROGRAM (GRFP) -THE NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION (NSF) GRADUATE RESEARCH FELLOWSHIP PROGRAM (GRFP) IS A HIGHLY COMPETITIVE, FEDERAL FELLOWSHIP PROGRAM. GRFP HELPS ENSURE THE VITALITY AND DIVERSITY OF THE SCIENTIFIC AND ENGINEERING WORKFORCE OF THE UNITED STATES. THE PROGRAM RECOGNIZES AND SUPPORTS OUTSTANDING GRADUATE STUDENTS WHO ARE PURSUING RESEARCH-BASED MASTER'S AND DOCTORAL DEGREES IN SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING, AND MATHEMATICS (STEM) AND IN STEM EDUCATION. THE GRFP PROVIDES THREE YEARS OF FINANCIAL SUPPORT FOR THE GRADUATE EDUCATION OF INDIVIDUALS WHO HAVE DEMONSTRATED THEIR POTENTIAL FOR SIGNIFICANT RESEARCH ACHIEVEMENTS IN STEM AND STEM EDUCATION. THIS AWARD SUPPORTS THE NSF GRADUATE FELLOWS PURSUING GRADUATE EDUCATION AT THIS GRFP INSTITUTION. THIS AWARD REFLECTS NSF'S STATUTORY MISSION AND HAS BEEN DEEMED WORTHY OF SUPPORT THROUGH EVALUATION USING THE FOUNDATION'S INTELLECTUAL MERIT AND BROADER IMPACTS REVIEW CRITERIA.

TARGETING THE ARRHYTHMOGENIC SOURCES OF HUMAN ATRIAL FIBRILLATION

GRADUATE RESEARCH FELLOWSHIP PROGRAM (GRFP)

TARGETED THERAPY FOR LYMPHOID MALIGNANCIES

DEVELOPING A UNIVERSITY-SCHOOL DISTRICT PARTNERSHIP TO IMPROVE THE MENTAL HEALTH OF CHILDREN IN URBAN SCHOOLS.

MCH INTERDISCIPLINARY LEADERSHIP TRAINING PROGRAM

AUGMENTING MASSED COGNITIVE PROCESSING THERAPY (CPT) TO PREVENT SUICIDE RISK AMONG PATIENTS WITH PTSD

SEX STEROIDS AND BRAIN OUTCOME FROM CARDIAC ARREST/CARDIOPULMONARY RESUSCITATION

ATTOSECOND AND ULTRA-FAST X-RAY SCIENCE

DEVELOPMENT OF CELL-PERMEABLE PEPTIDES AND PROTEINS

CARDIOLIPIN INDUCED LUNG INJURY AND FIC1

SMOKING MACHINE ADAPTOR DESIGN PROJECT FOR ENDS, CIGARS, AND HEATED TOBACCO PRODUCTS (UC2) - ABSTRACT THE PURPOSE OF THE SMOKING MACHINE ADAPTOR DESIGN PROJECT IS TO DEVELOP A STANDARDIZED AND VALIDATED ADAPTOR, OR FAMILY OF ADAPTORS, FOR ATTACHMENT TO EXISTING SMOKING AND VAPING MACHINES TO ENSURE THE ACCURACY AND RELIABILITY OF SCIENTIFIC DATA OBTAINED FROM THE STUDY OF THE PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF ELECTRONIC NICOTINE DELIVERY SYSTEMS (ENDS), CIGARS, AND HEATED TOBACCO PRODUCTS (HTPS). EQUALLY IMPORTANT, THE PROJECT WILL PRODUCE A SET OF PROTOCOLS FOR THE GENERATION AND COLLECTION OF MAINSTREAM YIELD DATA FOR THESE FOUR PRODUCT TYPES. FOR THE PROPOSED RESEARCH EFFORTS, THE OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY (PRIME CONTRACTOR) WILL COLLABORATE CLOSELY WITH THE FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION’S CENTER FOR TOBACCO PRODUCTS (CTP), AND WITH OUR PROPOSED TEAM MEMBERS, INCLUDING OUR PARTICLE AND AEROSOL CHARACTERIZATION LABORATORY, THE CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION TOBACCO PRODUCTS LABORATORY (CDC-TPL); OUR SMOKING AND VAPING MACHINE INDUSTRY PARTNER, CERULEAN; AND FORMER BORGWALDT KC USA LINEAR SMOKING MACHINE DESIGN IMPLEMENTATION ENGINEER, JEREMY JONES, PRESIDENT, PRODUCED BETTER. THE PROJECT IS COMPRISED OF FOUR MAIN PHASES: 1) FEASIBILITY, 2) PROTOTYPE DESIGN AND TESTING, 3) ADAPTOR VALIDATION, AND 4) CONTINUED STAKEHOLDER SUPPORT. ONCE THE VALIDATION OF THE ADAPTORS IS COMPLETE, OUR TEAM WILL BE RESPONSIBLE FOR THE MANUFACTURE, SALE, AND CONTINUED DEVICE SUPPORT, INCLUDING CONTINUOUS DESIGN IMPROVEMENT, OF THE USMA IN THE FINAL PHASE OF THE PROJECT AND AFTER CTP SPONSORSHIP HAS CONCLUDED. THE PROJECT WILL PROVIDE A PUBLIC BENEFIT BY ENSURING THAT STAKEHOLDERS CAN GENERATE ACCURATE SCIENTIFIC DATA AND REDUCE MEASUREMENT VARIABILITY TO HELP FILL CURRENT SCIENTIFIC GAPS REGARDING THE CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF ENDS, CIGARS, AND HTPS. THESE DATA WILL ASSIST FDA IN THEIR MISSION TO PROTECT AMERICANS FROM TOBACCO-RELATED DEATH AND DISEASE BY REGULATING TOBACCO PRODUCTS AND BY EDUCATING THE PUBLIC, ESPECIALLY YOUNG PEOPLE, ABOUT TOBACCO PRODUCTS AND THE DANGERS THEIR USE POSES TO THEMSELVES AND OTHERS.

MECHANISMS OF LUNG PHOSPHOLIPID HOMEOSTASIS

MODEL-PAIN MODELING DIVERSE EXPERIENCES AND LONGITUDINAL TRAJECTORIES OF PAIN - EMERGENCY DEPARTMENTS (EDS) PROVIDE ~140 MILLION ENCOUNTERS ANNUALLY FOR ALL POPULATIONS (I.E., VARYING DEMOGRAPHICS, INJURIES, COMORBIDITIES) AND SERVE AS A PRIMARY SAFETY NET IN U.S. HEALTHCARE INFRASTRUCTURE FOR INDIVIDUALS OFTEN NOT ENCOUNTERED ELSEWHERE. MOREOVER, OVER 80% OF THESE PATIENTS ARE EXPERIENCING PAIN WITH VARIABLE CAUSES, PERCEPTIONS, AND ENVIRONMENTAL INFLUENCES CHALLENGING OUR UNDERSTANDING TO OPTIMIZE DIAGNOSIS, PROGNOSTICATION, AND TREATMENT. THIS PROPOSAL SEEKS TO LEVERAGE THE ED SETTING TO COMPREHENSIVELY CHARACTERIZE THE FULL RANGE OF INTERINDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES IN ACUTE PAIN PHENOTYPES, OPTIMAL TREATMENT, AND TRAJECTORIES OF PAIN WITHIN A BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL AND HEALTH SERVICES FRAMEWORK. WE AIM TO: 1) CHARACTERIZE CLINICALLY INFORMED PAIN PHENOTYPES WITH A DATA-DRIVEN MODELING APPROACH, 2) IDENTIFY OPTIMAL PAIN TREATMENT STRATEGIES USING INDIVIDUALIZED TREATMENT REGIMEN (ITR) ESTIMATION METHOD, AND 3) DEVELOP PREDICTIVE MODELS OF PAIN TRAJECTORIES AND PREDICT TRANSITION FROM ACUTE TO CHRONIC PAIN. WE WILL COLLECT THE NECESSARY DATA FOR ROBUST AND COMPREHENSIVE DATA-DRIVEN MODELING IN A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY OF (N=2,400) ED PATIENTS SEEKING CARE FOR ACUTE PAIN. IN ADDITION TO NIH HEAL CORE DOMAINS, WE WILL COLLECT SELF-REPORTED DATA, HEALTH RECORDS, DIGITAL PHYSIOLOGIC MARKERS, AND BIOLOGIC SAMPLES TO MEASURE: (I) AHRQ SOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH, (II) CHARACTER, SEVERITY, TIMING OF PAIN, (III) PERCEPTIONS, RESILIENCY, AND BELIEFS, (IV) CO-MORBIDITIES (MEDICAL AND MENTAL HEALTH), (V) PHYSICAL FUNCTION AND SLEEP INTERRUPTIONS, (VI) DIGITAL PHYSIOLOGIC DATA, (VII) MEASURES OF PAIN SENSITIVITY (E.G. VON FREY, THERMAL THRESHOLDS), (VIII) HEALTHCARE UTILIZATION, (IX) TREATMENT ACCESS/EFFECTIVENESS, AND (X) GENOME-WIDE SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS. OUR COMPREHENSIVE MODELING APPROACH WILL COMBINE ADVANCED AND CUTTING-EDGE METHODS, INFORMED BY AN EXPERT PANEL INCLUDING PERSONS WITH LIVED EXPERIENCE OF CHRONIC PAIN, COMMUNITY STAKEHOLDERS, AND CLINICIANS ALLOWING THE DEVELOPMENT OF CLINICALLY INTERPRETABLE PREDICTIVE MODELS. THIS INNOVATIVE AND HIGH-IMPACT INVESTIGATION WILL PROVIDE THE MISSING LINK IN OUR UNDERSTANDING OF PAIN BY EMBRACING THE REQUIRED BREADTH AND COMPLEXITY. OUR REMARKABLY INTERDISCIPLINARY TEAM IS WELL-POSITIONED FOR THIS SIGNIFICANT CHALLENGE. WE WILL CAPITALIZE ON (I) ED CARE FOR ALL TYPES OF PAIN OCCURRING IN PERSONS WITH COMORBIDITIES AND (II) OUR PROVEN CAPACITY FOR A LONGITUDINAL STUDY OF OFTEN CHALLENGING POPULATIONS IN EPISODIC CARE ENVIRONMENTS WITHOUT ONGOING PROVIDER RELATIONSHIPS. OUR INCLUSION OF PSYCHOSOCIAL, COGNITIVE, BIOLOGIC, AND HEALTH SERVICES MEASUREMENT IS AN ENORMOUS AND NECESSARY ADVANCE. THE QUINTESSENTIAL CONTRIBUTION OF THIS RESEARCH WILL BE MODELS APPROPRIATE TO THE CHALLENGE OF PAIN HETEROGENEITY, HEALTH DISPARITIES, AND PAIN ITSELF. WITHOUT THIS FOUNDATION, WE CANNOT HOPE TO IDENTIFY INTERVENTION TARGETS AND DEVELOP NOVEL INTERVENTIONS SUFFICIENT TO FUNDAMENTALLY TRANSFORM CURRENT PATTERNS IN PAIN-RELATED HEALTH OUTCOMES AND DISPARITIES.

ONCOLOGY TRAINING GRANT

THE CORE COMPETENCY MODEL-MILITARY VERSION (CCM-MV): A VIRTUAL SUICIDE PREVENTION TRAINING PROGRAM

ENGINEERING-SCALE TESTING OF TRANSFORMATIONAL MEMBRANE TECHNOLOGY FOR CARBON DIOXIDE CAPTURE FROM NATURAL GAS COMBINED CYCLE FLUE GAS THE OVERALL OBJECTIVES OF THIS PROJECT ARE TO 1) REPURPOSE AND MODIFY AN EXISTING ENGINEERING-SCALE SKID FOR A 5 TONNE PER DAY (TPD) ENGINEERING-SCALE CARBON CAPTURE SYSTEM USING THE RECIPIENT’S TRANSFORMATIONAL MEMBRANE IN COMMERCIAL-SIZE, SPIRAL-WOUND (SW) MEMBRANE MODULES, 2) CONDUCT FIELD TESTING ON NATURAL GAS COMBINED-CYCLE (NGCC) FLUE GAS AND DEMONSTRATE A CONTINUOUS, STEADY-STATE OPERATION FOR A MINIMUM OF TWO MONTHS, AND 3) GATHER NECESSARY DATA FOR FURTHER PROCESS SCALE-UP.

GLOBAL CENTERS TRACK 1: AI AND BIODIVERSITY CHANGE (ABC) -THE WORLD IS WITNESSING A PRECIPITOUS DECLINE IN BIODIVERSITY AND ECOSYSTEM HEALTH, WITH SEVERE CONSEQUENCES FOR THREATENED SPECIES, ACCELERATED DYNAMICS OF ECOSYSTEM CHANGE, AND POTENTIALLY CATASTROPHIC THREATS FROM EXTREME EVENTS. AS POLICYMAKERS, LAND MANAGERS, AND LOCAL COMMUNITIES STRUGGLE TO PROTECT SPECIES AND PRESERVE OR RESTORE ECOSYSTEMS, THERE IS AN URGENT NEED FOR DATA ON HOW SPECIES ABUNDANCES AND DISTRIBUTIONS ARE CHANGING AND TOOLS TO ASSESS POLICY AND ACTIONS. THE GLOBAL CENTER ON AI AND BIODIVERSITY CHANGE (ABC) BRINGS TOGETHER A TEAM OF RESEARCHERS FROM ECOLOGY AND COMPUTER SCIENCE TO DEVELOP NEW APPROACHES FOR UNDERSTANDING THE IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON BIODIVERSITY. RAPID DEVELOPMENTS IN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) OFFER INNOVATIVE APPROACHES TO COLLECT DATA ON THE ABUNDANCE AND DISTRIBUTIONS OF PLANTS AND ANIMALS OVER TIME AND OVER SPACE AND ALLOW FASTER AND BETTER ANALYSES OF BIODIVERSITY DATA AT ALL SCALES. THE CENTER WILL CONTRIBUTE TOOLS AND ANALYSES THAT DESCRIBE IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON SPECIES AND HABITATS, AND WHICH CAN ASSESS HOW THEY RESPOND TO POLICY AND MANAGEMENT INTERVENTIONS. THE CENTER INCLUDES PARTNERSHIPS WITH A GLOBAL NETWORK OF COLLABORATORS FROM THE US, CANADA, AUSTRALIA, THE UK, AFRICA, INDIA, CENTRAL AMERICA, AND THE EU, INCLUDING REPRESENTATIVES FROM ACADEMIC INSTITUTIONS, MULTI-INSTITUTION RESEARCH COLLABORATIONS, GOVERNMENTAL AGENCIES, NGOS, AND INDUSTRY. THIS GLOBAL CENTER WILL ESTABLISH A FRAMEWORK FOR MONITORING, ANALYZING, AND ASSESSING THE GLOBAL IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON BIODIVERSITY THROUGH AI-ENABLED, DATA-SUPPORTED APPROACHES OVER SPACE AND TIME. THE GLOBAL CENTER WILL DEVELOP AI-BASED TOOLS FOR INTEGRATING BIODIVERSITY DATA FROM A VARIETY OF SOURCES, INCLUDING REMOTE SENSING IMAGERY FROM SATELLITE AND LOW-FLYING AIRCRAFT, IN-SITU VISUAL AND AUDIO SENSORS, DNA SEQUENCES, AND CITIZEN SCIENCE EFFORTS. THE PROJECT WILL FOCUS ON FOUR MAJOR BIOLOGICAL THEMES: 1) ELUCIDATING DRIVERS OF SPECIES BOUNDARIES FOR HARD-TO-DETECT SPECIES, 2) UNDERSTANDING CHANGE IN FUNCTIONAL DIVERSITY WHILE INCLUDING UNDER-SURVEYED SPECIES, 3) DETECTING EARLY WARNING SIGNALS OF RANGE SHIFTS, AND 4) QUANTIFYING CHANGES IN SPECIES INTERACTIONS. THE CENTER WILL ALSO ADVANCE AI RESEARCH AND METHODS, INCLUDING 1) FEW-SHOT LEARNING AND FINE-GRAINED CATEGORIES, 2) DOMAIN SHIFT, AND 3) LEARNING ACROSS DIVERSE DATA MODALITIES. THESE AI ADVANCES WILL IMPROVE OUR UNDERSTANDING OF POPULATION DYNAMICS OF RARE AND THREATENED SPECIES, HARD-TO-DETECT SPECIES, AND HARD-TO-STUDY SPECIES AND ARE LIKELY TO HAVE APPLICATIONS BEYOND CONSERVATION. THIS INFORMATION IS CRITICAL TO UNDERSTANDING HOW CLIMATE CHANGE IS DRIVING CHANGES IN SPECIES INTERACTIONS AND COMMUNITY COMPOSITION, AND HOW THAT AFFECTS FUNCTIONAL DIVERSITY OF ECOSYSTEMS. THIS CENTER IS FUNDED BY THE GLOBAL CENTERS PROGRAM, AN INNOVATIVE PARTNERSHIP WITH FUNDING AGENCIES IN AUSTRALIA, CANADA AND THE UNITED KINGDOM, TO JOINTLY SUPPORT USE-INSPIRED RESEARCH ADDRESSING GLOBAL CHALLENGES IN CLIMATE CHANGE AND CLEAN ENERGY. PARTNERSHIPS WITH THE COMMONWEALTH SCIENCE AND INNOVATION RESEARCH ORGANISATION (CSIRO), NATURAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING RESEARCH COUNCIL OF CANADA (NSERC), SOCIAL SCIENCE AND HUMANITIES RESEARCH COUNCIL OF CANADA (SSHRC), AND UK RESEARCH AND INNOVATION (UKRI) LEVERAGE RESOURCES TO TACKLE CHALLENGES AT A LARGER SCALE THAN WOULD BE POSSIBLE FOR ONE FUNDING AGENCY ALONE. THIS AWARD IS JOINTLY SUPPORTED BY NSF AND NSERC. THE NSF AWARD IS CO-FUNDED BY THE OFFICE OF INTERNATIONAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING AND THE DIRECTORATE FOR BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES. THIS AWARD REFLECTS NSF'S STATUTORY MISSION AND HAS BEEN DEEMED WORTHY OF SUPPORT THROUGH EVALUATION USING THE FOUNDATION'S INTELLECTUAL MERIT AND BROADER IMPACTS REVIEW CRITERIA.- SUBAWARDS ARE PLANNED FOR THIS AWARD.

AN IMPORTANT BARRIER LIMITING FRESHWATER PROVISIONING IN AGRICULTURAL WATERSHEDS IS THE INABILITY TO ACCESS PRIVATELY HELD DATA NEEDED TO IDENTIFY AND TARGET CRITICAL SOURCE AREAS OF NUTRIENT RUNOFF. TO OVERCOME THIS BARRIER, WE WILL ADDRESS TWO KNOWLEDGE GAPS: 1) HOW CAN PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS (PPPS) BE FORMED TO TARGET BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES (BMPS) TO AGRICULTURAL FIELDS THAT DISPROPORTIONATELY DEGRADE WATER QUALITY, AND 2) WHAT GAINS IN WATER QUALITY CAN BE ACHIEVED BY TARGETING THESE FIELDS? THESE KNOWLEDGE GAPS ARE IMPORTANT GLOBALLY, AND PARTICULARLY RELEVANT IN THE WESTERN LAKE ERIE BASIN WHERE MORE THAN 5% OF CROPLAND HAS GREATER THAN 2.5 TIMES THE MAXIMUM RECOMMENDED AGRONOMIC LEVEL OF SOIL PHOSPHORUS (P). THESE "LEGACY P" FIELDS CAN LEACH NUTRIENTS AT AN ELEVATED RATE TO DOWNSTREAM ECOSYSTEMS FOR DECADES, AND, GLOBALLY, HAVE BEEN IDENTIFIED AS A MAJOR CONTRIBUTOR TO NUTRIENT RUNOFF AND IMPACTS SUCH AS HARMFUL ALGAL BLOOMS AND EUTROPHICATION. AS SUCH, THEY RESTRICT THE AVAILABILITY OF QUALITY WATER RESOURCES SUPPORTING AGRICULTURAL, INDUSTRIAL, MUNICIPAL AND RECREATIONAL USES. WE WILL DEVELOP AN INITIAL PPP TO TARGET BMPS TO LEGACY P FIELDS AND SUPPORT THE EXPANSION OF THIS APPROACH WITH: 1) SOCIO-ECONOMIC ANALYSES TO DEVELOP EXPANSION PROTOCOLS, 2) WATERSHED MODELING TO PROJECT LARGE-SCALE IMPACTS, AND 3) AN EXTENSION PROGRAM TO BUILD KNOWLEDGE AND SUPPORT. LEVERAGING PREVIOUSLY UNAVAILABLE PRIVATE DATA TO TARGET INTERVENTION MAKES THE LARGEST GAINS IN WATER QUALITY POSSIBLE WHILE INCREASING THE QUANTITY OF AVAILABLE WATER. THE PROGRAM AREA PRIORITY ADDRESSED IS "TARGETED ACTIVITIES TO OVERCOME BARRIERS, SO THAT MORE SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ARE ADOPTED."

NSF CONVERGENCE ACCELERATOR- TRACK C: QUSTEAM: CONVERGENT UNDERGRADUATE EDUCATION IN QUANTUM SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING, ARTS, AND MATHEMATICS

ENIGMA-COINSTAC: ADVANCED WORLDWIDE TRANSDIAGNOSTIC ANALYSIS OF VALENCE SYSTEM BRAIN CIRCUITS

INSTITUTE FOR POPULATION RESEARCH

DEVELOPMENT OF ATTENTION TO MATERNAL SPEECH IN INFANTS WITH HEARING LOSS

RNA BINDING AND PACKAGING BY RETROVIRAL GAG PROTEINS

OHIO SEA GRANT (OHSG) STRIVES TO, THROUGH A COMPLIMENT OF RESEARCH, EDUCATION AND OUTREACH, TO IMPROVE THE ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH AND ECONOMIC VITALITY OF LAKE ERIE AND ITS WATERSHED. OHSG IS REGULARLY SOUGHT-AFTER FOR ITS UNBIASED AND SCIENCE-BASED APPROACH TO ADDRESS PRESSING ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECONOMIC ISSUES, OFTEN IN COLLABORATION WITH OTHER FEDERAL, STATE, AND LOCAL ENTITIES, AS WELL AS PRIVATE INDUSTRY AND NONPROFIT ORGANIZATIONS. ACTIVITIES TO BE PERFORMED BY OHSG INCLUDE: (1) CONDUCTING NEEDED AND IMPACTFUL RESEARCH DRIVEN BY AGENCY AND STAKEHOLDER NEEDS WHILE UTILIZING A COMBINATION OF NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATIONS (NOAA) NATIONAL SEA GRANT RESEARCH FUNDING, LEVERAGED STATE FUNDING, AND COMPETITIVE RESEARCH FUNDING AWARDED TO OHSG STAFF; (2) NUMEROUS EXTENSION OUTREACH PROGRAM RELATED TO FISHERIES, AQUACULTURE, COASTAL RECREATION AND TOURISM, DEVELOPMENT USE AND PLANNING, NATURAL HAZARDS, WATER QUALITY; AND (3) A VARIETY OF FORMAL EDUCATIONAL OFFERINGS AND OPPORTUNITIES THAT OCCUR AT STONE LABORATORY (OHIO STATE UNIVERSITYS ISLAND CAMPUS MANAGED BY OHSGS DIRECTOR) AND THROUGH THE GREAT LAKES SEA GRANT NETWORKS CENTER FOR GREAT LAKES LITERACY (CGLL). CGLL IS CO-MANAGED BY ALL GREAT LAKES SEA GRANT PROGRAMS. EXPECTED OUTCOMES INCLUDE: (1) ENVIRONMENTALLY LITERATE LIFELONG LEARNERS WHO UTILIZE KNOWLEDGE TO SUPPORT, BUILD, AND RESTORE HEALTHY NATURAL AND HUMAN COMMUNITIES; (2) PRODUCTION AND DISSEMINATION OF INNOVATIVE TOOLS; (3) REMOVAL OF BARRIERS TO ACHIEVING COASTAL RESILIENCE AND ADAPTATION TO CHANGING ECONOMIC, ENVIRONMENTAL, AND SOCIAL CONDITIONS; (4) LAKE ERIE COMMUNITIES THAT HAVE GREATER AWARENESS AND UNDERSTANDING OF ECOSYSTEM FUNCTIONS AND THE SERVICES THEY PROVIDE; (5) EVIDENCE-BASED SCIENCE AND INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS TO INFORM AND IMPROVE THE MANAGEMENT AND CONSERVATION OF COASTAL HABITATS; (6) RESTORED AND SUSTAINED BIODIVERSITY, HABITATS, AND ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; (7) COLLABORATIVE AND INCLUSIVE PLANNING AND DECISION-MAKING; (8) INFORMED RESOURCE MANAGERS THAT UNDERSTAND THE RISKS, TRADEOFFS, AND IMPACTS OF THEIR MANAGEMENT DECISIONS; (9) LAKE ERIE AND OHIO RESIDENTS AND SEAFOOD CONSUMERS THAT UNDERSTAND THE BENEFITS OF DOMESTICALLY PRODUCED SEAFOOD FOR INDIVIDUAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH; AND (10) LAKE ERIE ECONOMIC SECTOR LEADERS THAT UNDERSTAND HOW THEY CAN BECOME MORE RESILIENT BY EXPANDING RENEWABLE, REGENERATIVE, AND CLEAN PRACTICES. THE OHSG COMMUNICATIONS TEAM WILL DISSEMINATE RESEARCH INFORMATION VIA (1) WEBINAR AND PODCAST SERIES; (2) VIDEOS, INFOGRAPHICS, ANIMATIONS AND STORY MAPS; (3) RESEARCH NEWSLETTERS; (4) TARGETED SOCIAL MEDIA CAMPAIGNS; AND (5) REPORTS AND FACTSHEETS FOR STATE AND REGIONAL INITIATIVES. THE MANAGEMENT TEAM WILL OPERATE TO ENSURE WE ARE: (1) RESPONSIVE TO OUR STRATEGIC PLAN, YET FLEXIBLE ENOUGH TO CAPITALIZE ON UNANTICIPATED OPPORTUNITIES; (2) FACILITATING COLLABORATION AND COMMUNICATION ACROSS ALL PROGRAM ELEMENTS (I.E., RESEARCH, EDUCATION, OUTREACH, AND MANAGEMENT/ADMINISTRATION); (3) IDENTIFYING RESEARCH PRIORITIES IN A MANNER THAT IS THOROUGH AND INCLUDES RELEVANT STAKEHOLDERS; (4) BUILDING AND MAINTAINING APPROPRIATE STAKEHOLDER ADVISORS; AND (5) RESPONSIVELY MANAGING THE BUDGET WHILE GROWING MATCHING DOLLARS. INTENDED BENEFICIARIES INCLUDE ELECTED OFFICIALS, STATE AND FEDERAL MANAGEMENT AGENCIES, PRIVATE INDUSTRY, NON-GOVERNMENTAL AGENCIES, COASTAL RESIDENTS, STUDENTS (GRADE SCHOOL, UNDERGRADUATE, AND GRADUATE), ACADEMIC INSTITUTIONS, FARMERS/PRODUCERS, MUNICIPALITIES, MARINA OWNERS, BOATERS, ANGLERS, AND COMMUNITY GROUPS/ORGANIZATIONS. SUBRECIPIENT ACTIVITIES THAT ARE ASSOCIATED WITH OHSG WILL INCLUDE RESEARCH, FORMAL EDUCATION, AND INFORMAL OUTREACH PROGRAMMING THAT LEVERAGES OHSGS RESEARCH, TEACHING, AND COMMUNICATION ASSETS. MUCH OF THE RESEARCH WILL BE ACCOMPLISHED BY ACADEMICS THAT ARE SUPPORTED BY THE RESEARCH FUNDING THAT OHSG MANAGES ON BEHALF OF NOAA, OTHER FEDERAL AGENCIES, AND STATE FUNDING INITIATIVES.

STAGE 1 TREATMENT DEVELOPMENT WITH HOMELESS MOTHERS AND THEIR 2-6 YEAR OLD CHILDR

PURPOSE: THIS PROGRAM WILL TRAIN CLIMATE-READY WORKERS, INCLUDING TECHNICIANS, SCIENTISTS AND ENGINEERS, TO FULFILL THE SPECIALIZED WORKFORCE NEEDS OF THE WATER INDUSTRY IN THE GREAT LAKES. THROUGH A KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS-BUILDING FRAMEWORK, PARTICIPANTS WILL BUILD A DIVERSE, DIGITALLY FLUENT WORKFORCE THAT CAN PROVIDE THEIR COMMUNITIES WITH CLIMATE-RESILIENT WATER SYSTEM SERVICES AT VARIOUS CAREER LEVELS. EXPECTED OUTCOMES INVOLVE TRAINING AT LEAST 100 CLIMATE-READY WORKERS, INCLUDING TECHNICIANS, SCIENTISTS, AND ENGINEERS, BY 2028 TO ADDRESS THE CHALLENGES POSED BY CLIMATE-EXACERBATED EFFECTS SUCH AS DEGRADED WATER QUALITY AND TOXIC ALGAL BLOOMS. INTENDED BENEFICIARIES INCLUDE THE PROGRAM TRAINEES AND RESIDENTS OF THE LAKE ERIE WATERSHED, LOCAL BUSINESSES RELYING ON COASTAL RESOURCES, AND THE COMMUNITIES THREATENED BY CLIMATE-INDUCED WATER SYSTEM CHALLENGES.

CROSS-TALKING PRE-INCISION EVENTS OF EUKARYOTIC NER

THE ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL IMPACT OF COVID-19 MITIGATION POLICIES: A CROSS-COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF MACRO EVENTS - PROJECT SUMMARY THE PROJECT, "THE ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL IMPACT OF COVID-19 MITIGATION POLICIES: A CROSS- COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF MACRO EVENTS," WILL EXPLORE THE ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL EFFECTS THE MITIGATION POLICIES AND INFORMATION ENVIRONMENT THAT COVID-19 SPAWNED. WE WILL LINK THOSE POLICIES TO DATA FROM ONGOING HOUSEHOLD-BASED PANEL STUDIES FROM 10 COUNTRIES AND RICH ADMINISTRATIVE DATA FROM AN ELEVENTH. WE WILL EXPLOIT THE SUBSTANTIAL INTRA AND INTER-COUNTRY TEMPORAL AND GEOGRAPHIC VARIATION IN NON-PHARMACOLOGICAL INTERVENTION POLICIES INDUCED BY THE COVID-19 DISEASE. THAT VARIATION, COUPLED WITH PRE-COVID BASELINE LEVELS OR LONG-RUNNING TRENDS IN THE OUTCOMES WE WILL STUDY, WILL IDENTIFY THE EFFECTS OF THE MITIGATION POLICIES.

RESEARCH NETWORKS FOCUSED ON CRITICAL PROBLEMS OF EDUCATION POLICY AND PRACTICE (NETWORKS)

COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: ATOMISTIC STUDIES OF INDIVIDUAL IMPURITIES AND IMPURITY COMPLEXES IN III-V SEMICONDUCTORS

COLLABORATIVE CENTER FOR AERONAUTICAL SCIENCES

THE DEVELOPMENT OF CATEGORIZATION

TNF-ALPHA CONTROL OF A SURFACTANT ENZYME IN LUNG INJURY

THE OHIO LSAMP ALLIANCE

TIMING, REWARD PROCESSING AND CHOICE

MOLECULAR ANALYSIS OF ACCURATE RIBOSOMAL TRANSLOCATION

DELAYING THE ONSET OF NEARSIGHTEDNESS STUDY – COORDINATING CENTER - PROJECT SUMMARY THIS IS THE DATA COORDINATING CENTER’S GRANT PROPOSAL FOR THE “DELAYING THE ONSET OF NEARSIGHTEDNESS (DONUT) STUDY – DATA COORDINATING CENTER”, A RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL DESIGNED TO COMPARE THE EFFECTIVENESS 0.05% ATROPINE AND A PLACEBO IN DELAYING THE ONSET OF NEARSIGHTEDNESS. WE PROPOSE A MULTICENTER (14 CLINIC CENTERS) RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL OF 606 CHILDREN (RECRUITED OVER TWO YEARS) AGES 6 TO 11 YEARS WHO ARE DETERMINE TO BE AT HIGH RISK OF MYOPIA ONSET, AS MEASURED BY CYCLOPLEGIC AUTOREFRACTION AND AGE. THE AIMS OF THIS CLINICAL TRIAL WILL TEST WHETHER OR NOT THE ONSET OF MYOPIA IS DELAYED IN A GROUP OF CHILDREN RANDOMIZED TO NIGHTLY DROPS IN 0.05% ATROPINE IN BOTH EYES, IN COMPARISON TO CHILDREN WHO RECEIVING NIGHTLY PLACEBO DROPS IN BOTH EYES. THE SECOND AIM OF THIS PROJECT WILL DETERMINE WHETHER ATROPINE IS ASSOCIATED WITH SLOWER AXIAL ELONGATION IN CHILDREN RECEIVING NIGHTLY DROPS OF ATROPINE VERSUS PLACEBO. THIS DATA COORDINATING CENTER’S GRANT PROPOSAL PROVIDES THE CLINICAL CENTERS, SAMPLE SIZE AND RATIONALE, DATA MANAGEMENT AND ANALYSIS FOR THIS CLINICAL TRIAL. ACCOMPANYING DOCUMENTS INCLUDE THE CLINICAL CENTER PLAN, DATA MANAGEMENT AND HANDLING, AND THE STATISTICAL ANALYSIS PLAN ATTACHMENTS. THERE ARE ALSO ANOTHER APPLICATION LINKED TO THE DATA COORDINATING CENTER GRANT – THE DONUT STUDY CHAIR’S GRANT APPLICATION THAT PROVIDES THE STUDY RATIONALE, DESIGN, AND ORGANIZATION OF THIS CLINICAL TRIAL.

BUILDING SOCIAL AND STRUCTURAL CONNECTIONS FOR THE PREVENTION OF OUD AMONG YOUTH EXPERIENCING HOMELESSNESS: AN RCT EXAMINING BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL MECHANISMS - PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT HOMELESSNESS SEVERELY AFFECTS HEALTH AND WELL-BEING AND IS PARTICULARLY NEGATIVE FOR YOUTH. BETWEEN 70-95% OF YOUTH EXPERIENCING HOMELESSNESS (YEH) REPORT PROBLEM SUBSTANCE USE AND 66-89% HAVE A MENTAL HEALTH DISORDER. YOUTH APPEAR TO BE AT GREATER RISK FOR LIVING ON THE STREETS OR BEING HOMELESS THAN ADULTS AND ARE MORE VULNERABLE TO LONG TERM CONSEQUENCES OF HOMELESSNESS. MULTIPLE SOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH (SDOH) ARE UNIQUELY ASSOCIATED WITH HOMELESSNESS, DRIVING SUBSTANCE USE AND ADVERSE MENTAL HEALTH CONSEQUENCES. HOWEVER, LIMITED RESEARCH HAS IDENTIFIED PRAGMATIC INTERVENTIONS THAT HAVE A LONG-TERM AMELIORATING IMPACT ON THE COMPLEX, MULTI-SYMPTOMATIC ISSUES AMONG THESE YOUTH. THIS STUDY OVERCOMES PRIOR GAPS IN RESEARCH THROUGH TESTING A MULTI-COMPONENT COMPREHENSIVE PREVENTION INTERVENTION TARGETING SDOH THAT MAY AFFECT BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL HEALTH INDICATORS AND LONGER-TERM HEALTH OUTCOMES. IN PARTNERSHIP WITH STAR HOUSE, A DROP-IN CENTER FOR YEH, YOUTH BETWEEN THE AGES OF 14 TO 24 YEARS, WILL BE ENGAGED AND RANDOMLY ASSIGNED TO CONDITIONS USING A DISMANTLING DESIGN SO THAT ESSENTIAL INTERVENTION COMPONENTS CAN BE EFFICIENTLY IDENTIFIED. IN PARTICULAR, YOUTH (N = 300) WILL BE RANDOMLY ASSIGNED TO A) MOTIVATIONAL INTERVIEWING/COMMUNITY REINFORCEMENT APPROACH + SERVICES AS USUAL (MI/CRA + SAU, N = 80), B) STRENGTHS-BASED OUTREACH AND ADVOCACY + SAU (SBOA + SAU, N = 80), C) MI/CRA + SBOA + SAU (N = 80) OR D) SAU (N=60) THROUGH THE DROP-IN CENTER. IN ORDER TO ASSESS THE LONGER-TERM PREVENTION EFFECTS ON SUBSTANCE USE, MENTAL HEALTH AND OTHER OUTCOMES, ALL YOUTH WILL BE ASSESSED AT BASELINE AND AT 3, 6, 12, 18 AND 24-MONTHS POST-BASELINE. THE PRIMARY GOAL OF THIS STUDY IS TO ESTABLISH THE IMPACT OF A COMPREHENSIVE INTERVENTION EMBEDDED WITHIN A SYSTEM THAT SERVES YEH, A COMMUNITY DROP-IN CENTER, ON YOUTH’S OPIOID MISUSE AND DISORDER, OTHER SUBSTANCE MISUSE AND DISORDERS, MENTAL HEALTH DIAGNOSES, AND OTHER TARGETED OUTCOMES. THIS STUDY WILL OFFER UNIQUE INFORMATION ON PATHWAYS UNDERLYING CHANGE FOR SPECIFIC SUBGROUPS OF YOUTH ALONG WITH COST ESTIMATES TO INFORM FUTURE IMPLEMENTATION EFFORTS IN DROP-IN CENTERS AROUND THE COUNTRY.

DEVELOPMENT OF A SMALL-MOLECULE THAT ENHANCES TRIPARTITE SYNAPSES FOR ALZHEIMERS DISEASE

FY2019 LONO BUS TESTING

CELL JUNCTION AND NUCLEAR FORCES AS MEDIATORS OF EPITHELIAL CELL HOMEOSTASIS

CYAN: ENABLING CYBER DEFENSE IN ANALOG AND MIXED SIGNAL DOMAIN

BIOPHYSICAL MODULATION OF CARDIAC ION CHANNELS BY MICRORNA

PURPOSE: THE ASSEMBLY OF BATTERY CELLS REQUIRES A DRY ROOM DUE TO EXTREME MOISTURE SENSITIVITY OF CELL COMPONENTS. THE DRY ROOM WILL FACILITATE THE ACCELERATED DEVELOPMENT AND TRANSLATION OF BATTERIES FROM THE LAB TO PRACTICAL SCALES BY STUDYING EVERY FACET OF DEVELOPMENT IN A RELEVANT DRY ROOM ASSEMBLY ENVIRONMENT.ACTIVITIES TO BE PERFORMED: THE PURPOSE OF THIS PROJECT IS TO CONSTRUCT A 4,000 SQUARE FOOT DRY ROOM USER FACILITY, INCLUDING BATTERY CELL ASSEMBLY EQUIPMENT, WHICH CAN GO DOWN TO -60 IN CELSIUS DEW POINTS TO ENABLE RESEARCH OF BOTH CURRENT LI-ION BATTERIES AND NEXT-GENERATION SOLID-STATE BATTERIES.EXPECTED OUTCOMES: THIS INFRASTRUCTURE FILLS A GAP BY PROVIDING RESEARCHERS WITH AN ENVIRONMENT TO ASSEMBLE BOTH CURRENT LI-ION AND FUTURE SOLID-STATE BATTERIES. THE IMPACT OF THIS KEY INFRASTRUCTURE WILL BE SUBSTANTIAL BECAUSE IT WILL SIGNIFICANTLY ACCELERATE THE DEVELOPMENT TIMELINE OF THESE TECHNOLOGIES TO ENTER THE ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) MARKET.INTENDED BENEFICIARIES:THE INTENDED BENEFICIARIES INCLUDE RESEARCHERS, STUDENTS, BATTERY AND AUTOMOTIVE MANUFACTURERS, AND THE EV WORKFORCE.SUBRECIPIENT ACTIVITIES: NONE

REGULATION OF THE MACROPHAGE INFLAMMATORY PHENOTYPE IN ARDS

STRUCTURE AND GENESIS OF TAU AGGREGATES

CAN YOU HEAR ME NOW? LISTENING TO PEOPLE WITH INTELLECTUAL AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES IN HEALTH RESEARCH

CLINICAL UTILITY OF RESIDUAL HEARING IN THE COCHLEAR IMPLANT EAR

MECHANISMS OF INNATE RESISTANCE TO VIRUS INFECTIONS

FREQUENCY-DEPENDENT MODULATION OF CARDIAC MYOFILAMENT FUNCTION IN HEALTH/DISEASE

OSU-ENGIE CONNECTED COMMUNITY: AUTOMATED BUILDING CONTROL WITH KNOWLEDGE OF DISTRIBUTED ENERGY RESOURCES AND ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS FOR GRID OFFERINGS (BUCKEYES GO!)

INTEGRATION OF STRUCTURE AND SIGNALING IN CARDIAC PACEMAKER FUNCTION

PRECLINICAL DRUG DEVELOPMENT OF ISOFORM SELECTIVE JNK3 INHIBITORS FOR ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE.

OHIO’S STATEWIDE FAMILY ENGAGEMENT CENTER (OHSFEC)

ENERGY BALANCE, MTOR PATHWAY SIGNALING, AND BREAST CANCER PROGNOSIS - PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS PROJECT IS TO UNDERSTAND THE ROLE OF THE MECHANISTIC TARGET OF RAPAMYCIN (MTOR) PATHWAY IN THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN ENERGY IMBALANCE AND PROGNOSIS IN PATIENTS WITH BREAST CANCER AND THE POTENTIAL BENEFITS OF TARGETING MTOR TO INHIBIT ITS ACTIVATION TO IMPROVE CLINICAL OUTCOMES IN THESE PATIENTS. ENERGY IMBALANCE IS AN IMPORTANT FACTOR AFFECTING BREAST CANCER PROGNOSIS. ALTHOUGH BEHAVIORAL INTERVENTIONS LEADING TO WEIGHT REDUCTION HAVE SHOWN A POTENTIAL TO REDUCE BREAST CANCER RECURRENCE AND MORTALITY RATES, THE BIOLOGICAL MECHANISMS BETWEEN OBESITY AND BREAST CANCER OUTCOMES ARE NOT ENTIRELY CLEAR. IT IS CRUCIAL TO IDENTIFY MECHANISMS THROUGH WHICH OVERALL AND CENTRAL ADIPOSITY EXERT THEIR EFFECTS. LIFESTYLE INTERVENTIONS MAY NOT BE APPLICABLE OR EFFECTIVE FOR ALL WOMEN WITH BREAST CANCER; TARGETING THE UNDERLYING BIOLOGICAL MECHANISMS MAY OPEN NEW OPPORTUNITIES TO IMPROVE THE PROGNOSIS FOR A GREATER NUMBER OF PATIENTS. WE PROPOSE THAT MTOR PATHWAY SIGNALING IN BREAST TUMORS IS A SIGNIFICANT AND TARGETABLE MECHANISM MEDIATING ENERGY IMBALANCE AND BREAST CANCER PROGNOSIS. OUR PRELIMINARY DATA SHOW A POSITIVE LINEAR ASSOCIATION OF BODY MASS INDEX AND WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE WITH MTOR PATHWAY ACTIVATION, AS INDICATED BY PHOSPHORYLATED MTOR (P- MTOR) EXPRESSION LEVELS, IN PATIENTS WITH BREAST CANCER OVERALL AND IN ESTROGEN RECEPTOR-NEGATIVE (ER-) TUMORS. ALSO, FROM THE EXPRESSION OF SEVERAL PHOSPHO-PROTEINS, HIGHER VS. LOWER LEVELS OF MTOR PATHWAY ACTIVITIES ARE ASSOCIATED WITH DISEASE-FREE SURVIVAL. THE MAIN WEAKNESSES OF THESE DATA ARE THE LACK OF INFORMATION ON TREATMENT, AND THE NUMBER OF PATIENTS IN SUBTYPES IS SMALL. WE WILL ADDRESS THESE RESEARCH GAPS IN OUR PROPOSED PATHWAYS STUDY, A PROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY OF 4,505 WOMEN WHO HAD RECEIVED A DIAGNOSIS OF INCIDENT PRIMARY INVASIVE BREAST CANCER. IN THIS COHORT, WE HAVE DOCUMENTED 571 RECURRENCES, 420 SECOND PRIMARY CANCERS, AND 880 DEATHS WITH DATA ON ER STATUS. WE WILL ASSESS MTOR PATHWAY ACTIVITIES USING A 10-MARKER IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY PANEL IN TUMOR TISSUE SAMPLES. WE WILL EVALUATE THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN BODY SIZE (BMI, WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE, AND WAIST-TO-HIP RATIO) AND MTOR PATHWAY ACTIVATION IN BREAST TUMORS (AIM 1) AND ASSESS THE ASSOCIATION OF MTOR PATHWAY ACTIVATION INDEPENDENTLY AND JOINTLY WITH BODY SIZE ON BREAST CANCER OUTCOMES (AIM 2). TO FURTHER UNDERSTAND THE ROLE OF THE MTOR PATHWAY IN PREVENTION, WE WILL EXAMINE WHETHER THE STATUS OF NON-OBESITY, EXERCISE, AND METFORMIN USE, AS INTERVENTIONS OF ENERGY IMBALANCE, AFFECTS PATIENT OUTCOMES THROUGH MTOR PATHWAY REGULATION (AIM 3). OUR PROPOSAL IS INNOVATIVE IN EMPLOYING A LARGE PANEL OF PHOSPHO-PROTEIN EXPRESSION, COMPREHENSIVE CLINICAL AND EPIDEMIOLOGIC DATA, AND ADEQUATE STATISTICAL POWER FOR ER- BREAST CANCER SUBTYPE. THE RESULTS WILL IMPROVE OUR UNDERSTANDING OF THE EXTENT TO WHICH MTOR PATHWAY ACTIVATION, WHICH IS MODIFIABLE IN EARLY-STAGE BREAST CANCER, MAY ALLEVIATE THE INFLUENCE OF ENERGY IMBALANCE ON BREAST CANCER PROGNOSIS AND SHED LIGHT ON THE POTENTIAL FOR PROMOTING ENERGY BALANCE AND USING MTOR INHIBITORS AS A COMBINATION STRATEGY TO IMPROVE CLINICAL OUTCOMES.

COMPARING TREATMENT APPROACHES TO PROMOTE INPATIENT REHABILITATION EFFECTIVENESS FOR TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY (CARE 4 TBI) - MODERATE-SEVERE TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY (TBI) RESULTS IN PHYSICAL, BEHAVIORAL, AND COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENTS THAT CAN HAVE A DEVASTATING IMPACT ON FUNCTIONING IN THE COMMUNITY. COMPREHENSIVE INTERDISCIPLINARY INPATIENT REHABILITATION CAN MAXIMIZE FUNCTION AND REDUCE COMPLICATIONS. HOWEVER, CLINICIANS AND RESEARCHERS ARE UNABLE TO ANSWER THE QUESTION, “WHICH OF THE WIDE RANGE OF REHABILITATION PRACTICES CAN MOST EFFECTIVELY ADVANCE RECOVERY AND IMPROVE OUTCOMES?” DUE TO THE COMPLEXITY OF THE REHABILITATION PROCESS AND THE HETEROGENEITY OF THE TBI PATIENT POPULATION, THE STANDARD APPROACH TO COMPARATIVE EFFECTIVENESS RESEARCH, THE RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL, IS INADEQUATE. NEVERTHELESS, WITH GROWING LIMITATIONS ON HEALTHCARE RESOURCES AND SHORTER LENGTHS OF STAY, IT IS URGENT AND CRITICAL TO IDENTIFY THE SPECIFIC REHABILITATION APPROACHES THAT CAN OPTIMIZE OUTCOMES FOR PERSONS WITH TBI. A PRAGMATIC, PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY TO CLOSE THIS EVIDENCE GAP IS PROPOSED. BY LEVERAGING THE INFRASTRUCTURE OF THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DISABILITY, INDEPENDENT LIVING AND REHABILITATION RESEARCH’S TBI MODEL SYSTEMS, THE LARGEST LONGITUDINAL STUDY OF MODERATE-SEVERE TBI IN THE WORLD, THE DATA NEEDED TO COMPARE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF DIFFERENT REHABILITATION APPROACHES WILL QUICKLY ACCUMULATE. RECENT ADVANCES IN DATA CAPTURE, THROUGH ELECTRONIC MEDICAL RECORDS (EMR), AND IN ADVANCED STATISTICAL METHODS PROVIDE THE AVENUE BY WHICH THE COMPLEXITY OF REHABILITATION CAN BE SCIENTIFICALLY STUDIED. AIM 1: THIS STUDY AIMS TO LEVERAGE EMR TECHNOLOGY TO ENSURE DATA IDENTIFIED AS CRITICAL TO REHABILITATION TREATMENT ARE CAPTURED THROUGH STANDARDIZED DOCUMENTATION DURING THE NATURAL COURSE OF A PATIENT’S HOSPITALIZATION. AIM 2: INCORPORATING THE FINDINGS OF PRELIMINARY STUDIES ON COMPARATIVE EFFECTIVENESS OF TREATMENT APPROACHES, THIS STUDY WILL AIM TO EVALUATE THE IMPACT OF DIFFERENT APPROACHES TO TREATMENT ON PATIENT OUTCOMES. IT IS HYPOTHESIZED THAT REHABILITATION INTERVENTIONS DIRECTLY TARGETING PERFORMANCE OF REAL-LIFE ACTIVITIES (CONTEXTTX) AND HIGHER-LEVEL FUNCTIONS (ADVTX) WILL INDIVIDUALLY AND IN COMBINATION IMPROVE COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION AT 1-YEAR POST-INJURY, AS WELL AS ON FUNCTIONAL INDEPENDENCE AT DISCHARGE AND AT 1-YEAR POST-INJURY. AIM 3: IDENTIFY TIME-VARYING PATIENT AND SETTING FACTORS THAT CAN CHANGE OVER THE COURSE OF REHABILITATION AND THAT MODIFY THE EFFECTS OF TREATMENT. ADVANCED STATISTICAL ANALYSES COUPLED WITH DATA CAPTURE MADE FEASIBLE BY EFFECTIVELY DESIGNED EMR DOCUMENTATION FROM FRONTLINE PROVIDERS WILL PROVIDE THE DATA NECESSARY TO IDENTIFY WHICH TREATMENT APPROACHES ARE ASSOCIATED WITH BETTER PATIENT OUTCOMES. THIS IN TURN WILL ARM CLINICAL PROVIDERS WITH VALUABLE KNOWLEDGE TO DESIGN THE MOST EFFECTIVE TREATMENT PLANS FOR PATIENTS. THE FINDINGS OF THIS STUDY WILL FURTHER EMPOWER CLINICAL OPERATORS WITH THE NECESSARY INFORMATION TO ADVOCATE AND PROMOTE EVIDENCE-BASED TREATMENTS FOR TBI RECOVERY TO FISCAL STEWARDS, CREDENTIALING BODIES, AND REGULATORY AGENCIES.

TFH CELLS: LINKING THE GUT MICROBIOTA TO A GUT-DISTAL AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE

ADDICTION MEDICINE FELLOWSHIP

ESTROGEN REVERSES PROGESTIN-MEDIATED LOSS OF GENITAL MUCOSAL BARRIER FUNCTION

SODIUM CHANNELS AND CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS

MESSENGER RNA CAPPING AND METHYLATION IN PNEUMOVIRUSES

CHAPERONES FOR RADICAL RELAYS: ENABLING DIRECTED C-H FUNCTIONALIZATIONS

TRNA EDITING BY DEAMINATION: BALANCING AFFINITY AND SPECIFICITY

ELUCIDATION OF HUMAN NATURAL KILLER CELL DEVELOPMENT

THE EFFECTS OF EXPOSURE TO VIOLENCE ON RISK FOR SUBSTANCE ABUSE: NEURAL MECHANISMS AND COMMUNITY LEVEL MODERATORS

MECHANISMS OF EXPOSURE-INDUCED TISSUE FUNCTIONAL AND PATHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN A MOUSE MODEL OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE

THE INSTITUTE FOR THE DESIGN OF ENVIRONMENTS ALIGNED FOR PATIENT SAFETY (IDEA4PS)

** AWARDS ISSUED PRIOR TO JANUARY 20, 2025, WERE FUNDED UNDER PREVIOUS ADMINISTRATIONS AND MAY NOT REFLECT THE PRIORITIES AND POLICIES OF THE CURRENT ADMINISTRATION.** THERE ARE MANY STRESSORS CONTRIBUTING TO POOR HEALTH IN HONEY BEE COLONIES THAT ARE USED FOR POLLINATION OF ALMONDS, APPLES, BLUEBERRIES, PUMPKINS AND MANY OTHER HEALTHY FOODS. HOWEVER, THE VARROA MITE, A DEVASTATING PARASITE OF HONEY BEES, IS CONSISTENTLY IDENTIFIED AS THE MOST SERIOUS THREAT TO HONEY BEES. MANY COMMERCIAL BEEKEEPERS PROVIDING HIVES FOR CROP POLLINATION ARE STRUGGLING TO MANAGE VARROA AS THIS PEST HAS EVOLVED RESISTANCE TO COMMON CONTROL METHODS. DESPITE THE CHALLENGES, SOME BEEKEEPERS HAVE BEEN SUCCESSFUL AT USING A RANGE OF GENETIC, CULTURAL AND CHEMICAL VARROA CONTROL TACTICS IN AN INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT APPROACH. WIDESPREAD ADOPTION OF THESE PRACTICES ACROSS COMMERCIAL BEEKEEPING HAS BEEN LIMITED BY BARRIERS TO COMMUNICATION DRIVEN BY A LACK OF OBJECTIVE DATA ON THE EFFICACY AND TIMING OF VARROA CONTROL METHODS AND AN ACCOUNTING OF THE ECONOMIC COSTS. EVEN AMONG BEEKEEPERS THAT ARE SUCCESSFULLY MANAGING VARROA TODAY, NEW APPROACHES FOR VARROA CONTROL ARE BADLY NEEDED TO HANDLE FUTURE VARROA OUTBREAKS.TO REDUCE HONEY BEE COLONY LOSSES AND MAXIMIZE THE STRENGTH OF COLONIES AVAILABLE FOR CROP POLLINATION BEEKEEPERS NEED (1) A RE-EVALUATION OF THE EFFICACY AND ECONOMICS OF USING VARIOUS COMBINATIONS OF CURRENTLY AVAILABLE VARROA MANAGEMENT TOOLS, (2) DEVELOPMENT OF NEW CHEMICAL CONTROLS THAT OVERCOME RESISTANCE, AND (3) INTEGRATION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF ALL APPROACHES INTO COMPREHENSIVE VARROA MANAGEMENT PLANS.

THE SPINE PHENOME PROJECT: ENABLING TECHNOLOGY FOR PERSONALIZED MEDICINE - PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT CHRONIC LOW BACK PAIN (CLBP) IS A DEBILITATING CONDITION THAT AFFECTS MILLIONS OF PEOPLE GLOBALLY. DESPITE INCREASED UTILIZATION OF INTERVENTIONS AND RISING MEDICAL COSTS, CLBP PREVALENCE HAS CONTINUED TO INCREASE. THIS PROBLEM ARISES BECAUSE CLBP IS COMPLEX, HETEROGENEOUS AND CURRENT DIAGNOSTICS AND TREATMENTS RELY PRIMARILY ON SUBJECTIVE METRICS AND DO NOT TARGET ALL THE MULTIDIMENSIONAL BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL MECHANISMS ASSOCIATED WITH CLBP. SPECIFICALLY, MOST DIAGNOSTICS DO NOT QUANTITIVELY CONSIDER PATIENT FUNCTIONAL MEASURES. THIS MULTIDISCIPLINARY EFFORT PROPOSES TO ADDRESS THIS PROBLEM BY DEVELOPING AND VALIDATING A DIGITAL HEALTH PLATFORM AND PROVIDE MEANINGFUL DATA-DRIVEN METRICS THAT ENABLE AN INTEGRATED APPROACH TO CLINICAL EVALUATION AND TREATMENT OF CLBP. THIS PLATFORM WILL FACILITATE THE USE OF QUANTITATIVE SPINAL MOTION METRICS (FUNCTION), PROS AND PATIENT PREFERENCE INFORMATION TO ENABLE DEEP PATIENT PHENOTYPING AND INFORM CLINICAL DECISION-MAKING ON PERSONALIZED TREATMENTS IN ORDER TO IMPROVE OUTCOMES. THIS EFFORT WILL INVOLVE SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE DEVELOPMENT TO ENABLE DATA COLLECTION, ANALYSIS AND VISUALIZATION IN CLINICAL SETTINGS. TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT EFFORT WILL BE DONE IN PARTNERSHIP WITH SWITCHBOX INC. (SOFTWARE STRATEGY) AND PRIORITY DESIGNS INC. (REGULATORY STRATEGY). THE SPECIFIC AIMS FOR UH2 PHASE ARE TO: 1) DEVELOP A DIGITAL HEALTH PLATFORM FOR COLLECTING, ANALYZING, AND REPORTING CORE CLBP METRICS; 2) CONDUCT A FEASIBILITY STUDY TO TEST THE CLINICAL OPERABILITY, USABILITY AND UTILITY OF THE PROTOTYPE; AND THE SPECIFIC AIMS FOR UH3 PHASE ARE TO: 1) OPTIMIZE DIGITAL HEALTH PLATFORM FOR TRANSLATION TO CLINICAL RESEARCH USE THROUGH BACPAC; 2) VALIDATE THE UTILITY OF THE DIGITAL HEALTH PLATFORM TO IDENTIFY CLBP PATIENT PHENOTYPES AND INFORM CLINICAL DECISION-MAKING ON OPTIMAL TREATMENT PATHWAYS FOR INDIVIDUAL PATIENTS. THE OUTCOME OF THIS PROJECT WILL BE A DIGITAL HEALTH PLATFORM WITH DATA TO SUPPORT REGULATORY SUBMISSION FOR CLINICAL USE. AT THE END OF THIS EFFORT, WE WILL HAVE A VALIDATED TOOL FOR INTEGRATION IN CLINICAL RESEARCH STUDIES SUPPORTED BY THE BACPAC CONSORTIUM.

NEW: MECHANISMS AND MODELING OF HIGH OUTPUT SHAPE MEMORY ALLOYS; PI-MICHAEL MILLS

DEVELOP AN INNOVATIVE PROGRAM FOR COLLABORATIVE ARCHAEOLOGICAL ORIENTATION AND INTEGRATION RELATING TO RESOLVED AND UNRESOLVED CASUALTY CASES, BATTLES, AND OTHER CONFLICT-RELATED EVENTS, TO INCLUDE ARCHIVAL RESEARCH, PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SOURCE ANALYSIS, ORAL HISTORY INTERVIEWS, TRANSCRIPTION AND TRANSLATION PROJECTS, GEOSPATIAL OR GIS ANALYSES, AND ANY OTHER PERTINENT ASSESSMENTS DESIGNED TO ASSSIST DPAA WITH ACCOUNTING FOR MISSING MILITARY PERSONNEL FROM PAST CONFLICTS.

THERAPEUTIC IMMUNOREGULATION MEDIATED BY TGF-??-INDUCED ITREGS IN AUTOIMMUNE ARTH

RESPIRATORY DISEASES CONTINUE TO BE A MAJOR CONCERN TO POULTRY PRODUCERS BECAUSE LOSSES INDUCED BY RESPIRATORY DISEASES HAVE SIGNIFICANT LOCAL AND NATIONAL ECONOMIC IMPACT TO THE INDUSTRY. PROTECTION OF POULTRY BY EFFECTIVE PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF DISEASES IS CRITICAL TO MAINTAIN WHOLESOME POULTRY PRODUCTS, WHICH IS THE NUMBER ONE ANIMAL PROTEIN CONSUMED IN THE U.S. SUCH EFFORTS MAKE A SIGNIFICANT CONTRIBUTION TOWARDS NATIONAL FOOD SECURITY. OUR GOAL IS TO DEVELOP KNOWLEDGE-BASED INTEGRATED APPROACHES TO DETECT, CONTROL AND PREVENT ENDEMIC, EMERGING AND RE-EMERGING POULTRY RESPIRATORY DISEASES IN THE U.S. IN THIS PROJECT, THE EFFORTS OF MULTIPLE INSTITUTIONS ACROSS THE COUNTRY WILL CONCENTRATE ON THE FOLLOWING FOUR SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: 1) UNDERSTAND THE ECOLOGY OF POULTRY RESPIRATORY DISEASES; 2) INVESTIGATE THE MULTIFACTORIAL ETIOLOGY INVOLVING POULTRY RESPIRATORY DISEASES; 3) DEVELOP NEW AND IMPROVED DIAGNOSTIC TOOLS, VACCINES, AND NOVEL PREVENTIVE MEASURES; AND4) EDUCATE STAKEHOLDERS FOR PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF RESPIRATORY DISEASES.

MEDICAL SCIENTIST TRAINING PROGRAM - THE OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY - PROJECT ABSTRACT IN ORDER TO ADVANCE SCIENCE AND DISCOVER CURES FOR THE MYRIAD OF HUMAN DISEASES, A WORKFORCE COMPRISED OF DIVERSE AND ACADEMICALLY STRONG PHYSICIAN-SCIENTISTS TRAINED IN HYPOTHESIS-DRIVEN RESEARCH, RIGOROUS AND DATA- INTENSIVE METHODS, AND EVIDENCE-BASED CLINICAL PRACTICE IS CRUCIAL. THIS COHORT OF TRAINEES MUST HAVE SPECIALIZED AND FOCUSED TRAINING THAT INTEGRATES RIGOROUS SCIENTIFIC EDUCATION WITH STATE-OF-THE-ART MEDICAL TRAINING. THE OVERALL GOAL OF THE OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY (OSU) MEDICAL SCIENTIST TRAINING PROGRAM (MSTP) IS TO PROVIDE MD-PHD STUDENTS WITH THE RIGOR, DEPTH, AND BREADTH OF BOTH SCIENTIFIC AND MEDICAL EDUCATION IN A WAY THAT MELDS BOTH SETS OF TRAINING TO PREPARE THEM TO BE THE FUTURE LEADERS OF THE BIOMEDICAL WORKFORCE. THE EXPECTATION IS THAT GRADUATES OF OUR PROGRAM WILL BECOME FACULTY MEMBERS AT ACADEMIC, PUBLIC, OR PRIVATE RESEARCH ENTERPRISES AND SPEND MOST OF THEIR TIME CONDUCTING RESEARCH RELEVANT TO THE IMPROVEMENT OF HUMAN HEALTH. OUR PROGRAM PROVIDES THE PROGRAMMATIC STRUCTURE, CURRICULAR CONTENT, SCIENTIFIC AND CLINICAL GUIDANCE, MENTORING, FACILITIES, AND STIMULATING ENVIRONMENT TO CATALYZE THE INTEGRATION OF RESEARCH AND CLINICAL TRAINING ESSENTIAL FOR A STUDENT TO BECOME A SUCCESSFUL PHYSICIAN-SCIENTIST. WE FOCUS ON IMPARTING AN UNDERSTANDING OF THE BEST PRACTICES IN CLINICAL SKILLS AND RESEARCH THAT LEAD TO HIGH CLINICAL ACUMEN, OUTSTANDING SCIENCE THAT IS BOTH RIGOROUS AND REPRODUCIBLE, AND THE RESPONSIBLE AND SAFE CONDUCT OF RESEARCH AND CLINICAL PRACTICE. OSU MSTP STUDENTS WILL RECEIVE A UNIQUE BLEND OF COMPETENCY-BASED TRAINING FROM THE COLLEGE OF MEDICINE, THE GRADUATE SCHOOL, AND SPECIFIC GRADUATE PROGRAMS THAT WILL SYNERGIZE TO INCREASE THE TRAINEES’ ABILITY TO TRANSLATE BETWEEN THE SCIENTIFIC AND CLINICAL WORLDS. AS PART OF OUR PROGRAM, MSTP TRAINEES WILL RECEIVE INSTRUCTION IN TECHNICAL SKILLS, GRANT WRITING, AND WRITTEN AND ORAL COMMUNICATION THAT WILL POSITION THEM FOR SUCCESS IN THE RAPIDLY ADVANCING ACADEMIC RESEARCH FIELD. IN ADDITION TO TECHNICAL TRAINING, STUDENTS IN OUR PROGRAM RECEIVE EXTENSIVE MENTORSHIP THROUGHOUT THEIR JOURNEY FROM A COHORT OF FACULTY THAT HAVE RECEIVED TRAINING AND EMBRACE THIS IMPORTANT ROLE. IN PRIOR FUNDING PERIODS, STUDENTS HAVE EARNED THEIR DEGREES IN THE BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES GRADUATE PROGRAM (BGSP), NEUROSCIENCE GRADUATE STUDIES PROGRAM (NGSP), OR BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING (BME). WE NOW HAVE STUDENTS RECEIVING PHD TRAINING IN PUBLIC HEALTH (PH) AND ANTICIPATE FUTURE PHDS ACROSS THE UNIVERSITY IN CAREFULLY VETTED AFFILIATE PROGRAMS. BECAUSE OF OUR CURRICULAR INTEGRATION AND CAREFUL OVERSIGHT BY MSTP LEADERSHIP, THE LARGE MAJORITY OF OUR STUDENTS COMPLETE THEIR STUDIES IN 8 YEARS. ALTHOUGH OUR PROGRAM HAS DOUBLED IN SIZE IN THE PAST 10 YEARS, CONTINUED GROWTH OF OUR APPLICANT POOL AND OUR FACULTY MAKES CONTINUED EXPANSION APPROPRIATE, AND WE PLAN TO INCREASE OUR CLASS FROM 10 STUDENTS PER YEAR TO 12. IN ACCORDANCE WITH NIGMS GUIDELINES, WE ALSO REQUEST AN INCREASE IN FUNDING TO SUPPORT 25% OF THE STUDENTS IN THE PROGRAM. OUR GOAL FOR THIS MSTP IS TO CONTINUE TO RECRUIT AND TRAIN THE BEST AND BRIGHTEST STUDENTS, DEVELOPING FUTURE LEADERS WHO WILL ENABLE THE OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY WEXNER MEDICAL CENTER TO CONTINUE TOWARDS ITS STATED MISSION: TO IMPROVE PEOPLE’S LIVES THROUGH INNOVATION IN RESEARCH, EDUCATION AND PATIENT CARE.

NEURAL AND PERCEPTUAL MECHANISMS OF SPATIAL STABILITY ACROSS EYE MOVEMENTS

TOWARDS HEALTHY AGING: QUANTIFYING VESTIBULAR CONTRIBUTORS TO AGE-RELATED CHANGES IN BALANCE AND FALL RISK - IMBALANCE CONTRIBUTES TO FALLS, FALL RISK INCREASES WITH AGE, AND FALLS CAUSE ACCIDENTAL DEATH AND INJURY. WHILE CAUSES OF FALLS AND IMBALANCE ARE MULTIFACTORIAL, MODERN MULTIVARIATE STATISTICAL ANALYSES ALLOW US TO QUANTIFY THE IMPACT OF AGE-RELATED VESTIBULAR DECLINES ON FALLS AS WELL AS THE IMPACT OF AGE-RELATED VESTIBULAR DECLINES ON AGE- RELATED BALANCE DECLINES. FOR EXAMPLE, WE HAVE RECENTLY REPORTED THAT NEARLY 50% OF CROSS-SECTIONAL AGE-RELATED BALANCE DECLINES FOUND USING A STANDARD ROMBERG TEST VARIANT (“EYES CLOSED; STANDING ON FOAM”) ARE MEDIATED BY AN AGE-RELATED INCREASE IN ROLL TILT THRESHOLDS, SUGGESTING THAT A SINGLE SUB-CLINICAL FACET OF VESTIBULAR FUNCTION IS A SUBSTANTIAL CONTRIBUTOR TO AGE-RELATED BALANCE DECLINES. FURTHERMORE, AN ANALYSIS OF OVER 5,000 AMERICANS SHOWED THAT INDIVIDUALS WHO FAILED TO COMPLETE THIS SAME BALANCE TEST CONDITION HAD SIGNIFICANTLY INCREASED ODDS TO HAVE REPORTED “DIFFICULTY WITH FALLING” IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS (ODDS RATIO OF 6.3). WE PROPOSE TO BUILD UPON THESE FINDINGS TO QUANTIFY THE MULTIPLE LINKS BETWEEN AGING, VESTIBULAR FUNCTION, BALANCE, AND FALLS. WE POSIT THE FOLLOWING LINKS: (I) VESTIBULAR FUNCTION DECLINES WITH AGE, (II) THESE AGE-RELATED VESTIBULAR DECLINES IMPACT BALANCE, (III) IMBALANCE CONTRIBUTES TO FALLS, AND (IV) FALLS CAUSE DEATH AND INJURIES. SPECIFICALLY, WE POSIT THAT CORRELATIONS BETWEEN AGING, VESTIBULAR FUNCTION, AND BALANCE ARISE, IN PART, BECAUSE VESTIBULAR IMPRECISION (I.E., VESTIBULAR THRESHOLDS OR VESTIBULAR “NOISE”) INCREASES WITH AGE AS DEMONSTRATED BY LARGE INCREASES IN VESTIBULAR THRESHOLDS ABOVE THE AGE OF 40. INCREASED VESTIBULAR IMPRECISION, IN TURN, CONTRIBUTES TO INSTABILITY, WHICH CONTRIBUTES TO FALLS. TO QUANTIFY THESE CORRELATIONS AND HYPOTHESIZED CAUSAL LINKS, WE PROPOSE COMPREHENSIVE ASSAYS OF VESTIBULAR FUNCTION, BROAD MULTI-FACETED BALANCE ASSAYS, AS WELL AS REPORTS OF FALLS. WE ALSO PROPOSE TO FURTHER DEVELOP AND TEST CANDIDATE INTERVENTIONS DESIGNED TO IMPROVE TILT THRESHOLDS (“VESTIBULAR PRECISION”), WHICH COULD ALSO IMPROVE BALANCE AND REDUCE FALLS. GIVEN LIFE-OR-DEATH SIGNIFICANCE AND BROAD IMPACT, WE PROPOSE: AIM 1: TO QUANTIFY THE LINKS BETWEEN AGE, VESTIBULAR FUNCTION, BALANCE, AND FALLS IN HEALTHY INDIVIDUALS USING A COMPREHENSIVE VESTIBULAR FUNCTION TEST BATTERY, BROAD MULTI-FACETED BALANCE TESTS, & FALL-RELATED SURVEYS. AIM 2: TO QUANTIFY BOTH TILT THRESHOLDS AND BALANCE BEFORE AND AFTER A TRAINING INTERVENTION THAT HAS SUBJECTS PERFORMING A STANDARD TILT THRESHOLD TASK, EXCEPT THAT FEEDBACK (“CORRECT” OR ”INCORRECT”) IS PROVIDED AFTER EACH TRIAL. THIS TASK IS DESIGNED TO IMPROVE VESTIBULAR THRESHOLDS (“PRECISION”), WHICH MAY ALSO IMPROVE BALANCE. FOR AIM 2A, WE PROPOSE TO TEST YOUNG ADULTS (AGE 18-40). FOR AIM 2B, WE PROPOSE TO TEST OLDER ADULTS (AGE 65-89). AIM 1 WILL QUANTIFY LINKS BETWEEN VESTIBULAR FUNCTION AND FALLS FOR THE FIRST TIME AND WILL ALSO QUANTIFY NEW LINKS BETWEEN VESTIBULAR FUNCTION AND BALANCE. THIS WILL DEFINE POTENTIAL VESTIBULAR AND/OR BALANCE TESTS THAT CAN BE USED AS SCREENING TESTS TO DETERMINE WHO WOULD BENEFIT FROM INTERVENTION. AIM 2 WILL QUANTIFY THE IMPACTS OF A TRAINING PARADIGM DESIGNED TO REDUCE TILT THRESHOLDS. THIS WILL DEVELOP AND TEST AN INTERVENTION DESIGNED TO IMPROVE VESTIBULAR PRECISION, WHICH COULD ALSO IMPROVE BALANCE AND REDUCE FALLS.

TOWARD USING COMPREHENSIVE DECISION-MAKING MODELS IN NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TESTING

IDENTIFICATION OF NOVEL IMMUNOGENIC PROTEINS FROM BORDETELLA PERTUSSIS - PROJECT SUMMARY DESPITE HIGH VACCINATION COVERAGE, PERTUSSIS OUTBREAKS CAUSED BY THE GRAM-NEGATIVE OBLIGATE HUMAN PATHOGEN BORDETELLA PERTUSSIS (BP) ARE OBSERVED IN MANY COUNTRIES. PERTUSSIS RESURGENCE CORRELATES WITH THE SWITCH IN THE 1990S FROM WHOLE CELL VACCINES (WPV) WHICH ELICIT LONG-LIVED TH1/17 IMMUNE RESPONSES, TO ACELLULAR VACCINES (APV) WHICH ELICIT TH1/2 SKEWED IMMUNE RESPONSES. FURTHERMORE, APV DO NOT PREVENT NASAL COLONIZATION OR TRANSMISSION OF BP. CURRENT APV ARE COMPRISED OF 1-5 BACTERIAL PROTEINS THAT WERE SELECTED FOR THEIR ROLES IN PATHOGENESIS AND ABILITY TO ELICIT ANTIBODIES. IN CONTRAST, WPV PRESENT AN UNDEFINED LARGE NUMBER OF ANTIGENS. THE COMBINATION OF LIMITED ANTIGENIC DIVERSITY AND TH2 SKEWED IMMUNE PROFILE IS A LIKELY EXPLANATION FOR THE INCOMPLETE PROTECTION PROVIDED BY APV. RECENT STUDIES INCLUDING THAT FROM OUR LABORATORY ALSO SHOW THAT CIRCULATING BP STRAINS (CBP) FROM GLOBALLY DIVERSE COUNTRIES HAVE ABSENT/REDUCED EXPRESSION OF CURRENT APV ANTIGENS, SUGGESTING THAT APV MAY BE SIGNIFICANTLY LESS EFFECTIVE AGAINST CBP STRAINS. THERE IS INCREASING RECOGNITION THAT CD4+ T CELL RESPONSES ARE CRITICAL FOR LONG-LIVED PROTECTIVE IMMUNE RESPONSES THAT CLEAR THE ENTIRE RESPIRATORY TRACT. HOWEVER, IT IS NOT CLEAR THAT CURRENT APV ANTIGENS ARE OPTIMAL CD4+ T CELL TARGETS. WE WILL USE STATE-OF-THE-ART MASS SPECTROMETRY, BIOINFORMATICS, AND PHENOTYPIC AND FUNCTIONAL ASSAYS TO IDENTIFY PROTEINS EXPRESSED BY CBP THAT ARE PROCESSED AND PRESENTED ON CLASS II HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGENS OF HUMANS AND MICE, AND THAT STIMULATE CD4+ T CELL RESPONSES. THIS FOUNDATIONAL DATA SET WILL BE COUPLED WITH A PRIME-PULL VACCINATION STRATEGY AND A TH1/17 SKEWING ADJUVANT DEVELOPED IN OUR LABORATORY, TO DETERMINE THE IMMUNOGENICITY AND PROTECTIVE EFFICACY OF NEWLY DEFINED ANTIGENS TO CREATE A NEXT-GEN APV. SPECIFIC AIM 1: DEFINE THE SET OF NATURALLY DERIVED BP PEPTIDES PRESENTED ON MHC II AND RECOGNIZED BY CD4+ T CELLS. WE WILL IDENTIFY THE BP ANTIGENS FROM CIRCULATING BP STRAINS (CBP) THAT ARE EXPRESSED ON HUMAN AND MURINE CLASS II, AND USE PROLIFERATION AND FLOW CYTOMETRY ASSAYS TO DETERMINE WHICH ANTIGENS ARE RECOGNIZED BY CD4+ T CELLS OF WPV-IMMUNIZED INDIVIDUALS AND CONVALESCENT MICE. SPECIFIC AIM 2: TO TEST THE IMMUNOGENICITY AND PROTECTIVE EFFICACY OF NOVEL ANTIGENS AGAINST CIRCULATING BP STRAINS AND THEIR ROLE IN PATHOGENESIS. WE WILL TEST THE IMMUNOGENICITY AND PROTECTIVE EFFICACY OF THE NOVEL PROTEINS USING A MURINE MODEL OF BP INFECTION. WE WILL CREATE DELETION MUTANTS OF THE NOVEL PROTEINS IN CBP TO DETERMINE THEIR ROLE IN PATHOGENESIS AND COLONIZATION OF THE RESPIRATORY TRACT. IMPACT: OUR INTEGRATED APPROACH TO IDENTIFY, TEST, AND LEVERAGE NOVEL BP ANTIGENS WILL PERMIT THE RATIONAL DESIGN OF NEXT-GEN APVS THAT ELICIT LONG-LASTING PROTECTION IN THE RESPIRATORY TRACT, PREVENT NASOPHARYNGEAL CARRIAGE AND THEREBY REDUCE THE SPREAD OF THE DISEASE PERTUSSIS.

WEB BASED PROVIDER TRAINING FOR BRIEF COGNITIVE BEHAVIOR THERAPY BCBT FOR SUICIDE PREVENTION

A FREQUENCY-MODULATED MUSIC INTERVENTION TO ENHANCE COGNITIVE PROCESSING THERAPY (CPT) FOR PTSD

ACTIN OLIGOMERS AS NOVEL TOXINS TARGETING KEY STEPS OF ACTIN DYNAMICS

NEW: OPTICAL STUDY OF SPIN DYNAMICS IN SEMICONDUCTOR NANOWIRES; PI-FENGYUAN YANG

ENHANCING DETECTION AND RESPONSE OF ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE AND HEALTHCARE-ASSOCIATED INFECTIONS TOWARDS PREVENTION AND CONTAINMENT STRATEGIES AT IN EASTERN AFRICA

IDENTIFICATION OF OPTIMUM SPECTACLE PRESCRIPTIONS FOR PATIENTS WITH DOWN SYNDROME

** AWARDS ISSUED PRIOR TO JANUARY 20, 2025, WERE FUNDED UNDER PREVIOUS ADMINISTRATIONS AND MAY NOT REFLECT THE PRIORITIES AND POLICIES OF THE CURRENT ADMINISTRATION.** ADVANCEA: ADVANCING CONTROLLED ENVIRONMENT AGRICULTURE THROUGH DATA-DRIVEN DECISION MAKING AND WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT

MIDAS: MICROANGIOPATHY, ENDOTHELIAL DAMAGE IN ADULTS UNDERGOING STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION

THE ROLE OF TRAINED IMMUNITY AND MITOCHONDRIAL DYSFUNCTION ON INNATE IMMUNITY IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS AGING WITH PHIV (TIMING-PHIV) - PROJECT SUMMARY: HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS (HIV) IS ASSOCIATED WITH PERSISTENT IMMUNE ACTIVATION AND DYSFUNCTION, EVEN DURING SUPPRESSIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY (ART) THAT WAS INITIATED EARLY POST-INFECTION. PERINATALLY ACQUIRED HIV (PHIV) INFECTION AND LIFELONG ART LIKELY ALTER THE DEVELOPMENT AND FUNCTION OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM. THE EXPOSURE OF HIV AND ART IN UTERO, THE DECADES OF ART THERAPY, THE LASTING EFFECTS OF OLDER TOXIC ART WITH MITOCHONDRIAL TOXICITY AND THE LONG-TERM SUB-OPTIMAL ADHERENCE KNOWN TO OCCUR WITH PROLONGED ART USE, HEIGHTEN CONCERN THAT SEQUELAE OF HIV AND ART IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS MAY BE MORE FREQUENT AND POTENTIALLY MORE DEVASTATING THAN IN ADULTS. BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF IMMUNE DYSFUNCTION IN PHIV IS CRUCIAL, AS IT IS OFTEN EASIER TO LIMIT OR EVEN REVERSE COMORBIDITIES AT AN EARLY STAGE. WE ARE EXPLORING THE CONSEQUENCES OF PHIV AND ITS TREATMENT WITH ART IN A COHORT OF ADOLESCENTS IN UGANDA AND HAVE REPORTED SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCES IN THE IMMUNE PROFILES OF HIV- AND HIV+ CHILDREN. THESE DIFFERENCES MAY BE DRIVEN BY TRAINED IMMUNITY, A PROCESS BY WHICH CELLS OF THE INNATE IMMUNE SYSTEM (E.G. MONOCYTES, MACROPHAGES AND NATURAL KILLER CELLS) ARE REPROGRAMMED TO RESPOND DIFFERENTLY TO SUBSEQUENT EXPOSURE TO MICROBIAL PRODUCTS AND PROINFLAMMATORY LIPIDS. RECENT STUDIES, INCLUDING OUR OWN, DEMONSTRATE THAT ART EXPOSURE MAY ALSO CONTRIBUTE TO ALTERATIONS IN IMMUNE CELL ACTIVATION, POTENTIALLY THROUGH DECREASED MITOCHONDRIAL FUNCTION AND THROUGH MODULATION OF INTRACELLULAR SIGNALING CASCADES. THE KNOWLEDGE GAINED FROM THIS PROPOSAL COULD BE SUBSTANTIAL, AND FROM A TRANSLATIONAL PERSPECTIVE WILL LAY THE FOUNDATION TO IDENTIFY KEY PATHWAYS WITH BIOLOGICAL, CLINICAL, AND PROGNOSTIC RELEVANCE FOR ADOLESCENTS WHO ARE ADVANCING INTO ADULTHOOD. THESE RESULTS COULD INFORM INTERVENTION TRIALS TO MITIGATE THE DEVELOPMENT OF COMORBIDITIES ASSOCIATED WITH IMMUNE ACTIVATION. WE PROPOSE: AIM 1: TO MEASURE INNATE IMMUNE PROFILES (I.E MONOCYTES AND NK CELLS) IN ADOLESCENTS WITH AND WITHOUT HIV IN UGANDA AND THE UNITED STATES. AIM 2: TO IDENTIFY THE ROLE OF TRAINED IMMUNITY IN INNATE IMMUNE MODULATION IN ADOLESCENTS WITH AND WITHOUT HIV INFECTION IN UGANDA. AIM 3: TO EVALUATE HOW MITOCHONDRIAL FUNCTION PLAYS A ROLE IN INNATE IMMUNE PROFILES LONGITUDINALLY IN ADOLESCENTS WITH AND WITHOUT HIV IN UGANDA. THIS PROPOSAL COMBINES A WELL-CHARACTERIZED COHORT OF CHILDREN WITH AND WITHOUT PHIV WITH EX VIVO AND IN VITRO ASSESSMENTS OF IMMUNE CELL PHENOTYPE AND FUNCTION. WE WILL USE HIGH-DIMENSIONAL FLOW CYTOMETRY ANALYSES, SINGLE CELL TRANSCRIPTIONAL PROFILING, AND AN IN-DEPTH ANALYTICAL APPROACH TO DEFINE THE POTENTIAL MECHANISMS WHEREBY CHRONIC EXPOSURE TO ART, MICROBIAL PRODUCTS, AND CLINICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS MAY CONTRIBUTE TO INNATE IMMUNE CELL ACTIVATION OR DYSFUNCTION. THIS IS A CONTINUATION OF A HIGHLY SUCCESSFUL COLLABORATION AMONG THE STUDY TEAM MEMBERS AND WE ARE WELL POSITIONED TO PERFORM THIS INNOVATIVE PROJECT.

NEW START COOPERATIVE AGREEMENT ENTITLED-DISCOVERY OF NONINVASIVE BIOMARKERS FOR RADIATION EXPOSURE-DOSIMETER- FOR TARGETED EVALUATION OF IONIZING RADIATION EXPOSURE (TEI-REX) PROGRAM.

THE IMPACT OF BACTERIOPHAGE THERAPY ON WOUND INFECTION DYNAMICS - PROJECT ABSTRACT TREATMENT OF BIOFILM-ASSOCIATED INFECTIONS USING ANTIBIOTICS CAN BE LIMITED BY PATHOGEN ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE, AS WELL AS ANTIBIOTIC TOLERANCE DISPLAYED BY INFECTIONS. THIS APPLICATION SEEKS TO DEVELOP NEW STRATEGIES TO ELIMINATE PERSISTENT WOUND INFECTIONS CAUSED BY MULTIDRUG RESISTANT PATHOGENS. BACTERIOPHAGES ARE NATURAL, ABUNDANT, AND DIVERSE WITH MINIMAL TOXICITY, PARTICULARLY WHEN USED TOPICALLY, AND ASSUMED TO HAVE NEGLIGIBLE IMPACT ON THE MICROBIOME. DUE TO LIMITED CROSS-RESISTANCE, BACTERIA DISPLAYING ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE TEND TO REMAIN PHAGE SUSCEPTIBLE AND PHAGE COCKTAILS (POLYPHAGES) CAN BE DEVELOPED TO MINIMIZE RESISTANCE TO MULTIPLE PHAGES, THEREBY BETTER ASSURING CONTINUED SUSCEPTIBILITY OF TARGETED BACTERIA. THUS, AN AGGRESSIVE MIXTURE OF BACTERIA- AND BIOFILM-DISRUPTING AGENTS – PHAGES AND ANTIBIOTICS – MAY BE EMPLOYED TOWARDS REDUCING ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTING AND OTHERWISE CHALLENGING-TO-TREAT EXPERIMENTAL WOUND INFECTIONS. HERE WE PROPOSE TO DEVELOP BACTERICIDAL BACTERIAL VIRUSES (BACTERIOPHAGES OR PHAGES) AS ADJUVANTS TO ANTIBIOTIC APPLICATION, WITH AN AIM TOWARDS FUTURE CLINICAL TESTING WHILE RETAINING CURRENT STANDARDS OF CARE. EMPHASIS IS PLACED ON THE TREATMENT OF MDR PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA-INFECTED AND MIXED- INFECTED WOUNDS. THE FIVE KEY PHAGE CHARACTERISTICS THAT WE DEVELOPED FOR THERAPY ARE ROBUST ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY, ABILITY TO FUNCTION AGAINST BIOFILMS, HOST RANGE BREADTH INCLUDING MULTIDRUG RESISTANT AND COLONY VARIANT P. AERUGINOSA, LIMITED CYTOTOXICITY AGAINST HOST CELLS, AND PHAGE STABILITY. AIM 1 WILL EVALUATE THE PHAGE COCKTAIL THERAPY IN MONO- AND POLY-MICROBIAL MODEL SYSTEMS. AIM 2 UTILIZES ECO-SYSTEMS BIOLOGY APPROACHES FOR IN VIVO TESTING OF COCKTAILS IN A COMPLEX POLYMICROBIAL INFECTION AND WILL INVESTIGATE HOW PHAGE THERAPY-BASED TARGETING OF A PATHOGEN MAY CAUSE CHANGES TO THE WOUND MICROBIOTA. OVERALL, SUCH THERAPY WILL BE USED TO REDUCE THE BURDEN OF DEVASTATING INFECTIONS CAUSED BY MULTIDRUG RESISTANT P. AERUGINOSA. THIS STUDY WILL ALSO LAY THE FOUNDATION FOR A PROGRAM TARGETING EACH OF THE MAJOR ESKAPE PATHOGENS.

THE ROLE OF THE NON-CANONICAL INFLAMMASOME IN INNATE IMMUNITY - ABSTRACT LEGIONELLA PNEUMOPHILA IS AN INFECTIOUS BACTERIUM THAT CAUSES LEGIONNAIRE’S DISEASE AND REMAINS A MAJOR CAUSE OF MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY IN THE IMMUNOCOMPROMISED INDIVIDUALS SUCH AS THE ELDERLY AND CANCER PATIENTS. MACROPHAGES ARE THE MAIN IMMUNE CELLS THAT CAN CLEAR LEGIONELLA AFTER ACTIVATION OF THE CANONICAL NLRC4/NAIP5 INFLAMMASOME. CASPASE-11 IS A COMPONENT OF THE NON-CANONICAL INFLAMMASOME AND MICE LACKING CASPASE-11 ALLOW SIGNIFICANT LEGIONELLA REPLICATION IN THEIR MACROPHAGES. DOWN-REGULATION OF THE HOMOLOGOUS CASPASE IN HUMAN MACROPHAGES INCREASES THEIR PERMISSIVENESS TO LEGIONELLA. OUR PRELIMINARY DATA SHOW THAT CASPASE-11 IS NECESSARY FOR FUSION OF THE LEGIONELLA-CONTAINING VACUOLE WITH THE LYSOSOMES VIA A MECHANISM THAT REQUIRES THE POLYMERIZATION AND DEPOLYMERIZATION OF ACTIN. USING STATE-OF-THE-ART TECHNIQUES INCLUDING 3D CONFOCAL MICROSCOPY AND HIGH RESOLUTION SIM-S MICROSCOPY, RNA SEQ AND PROTEOMICS ANALYSES, WE IDENTIFIED NEW MOLECULES THAT ARE CLEAVED BY CASPASE-11 AND REGULATE RESTRICTION OF LEGIONELLA IN MACROPHAGES. THIS PROPOSAL WILL INVESTIGATE THE MOLECULAR MECHANISMS LEADING TO CASPASE-11-MEDIATED CLEARING OF LEGIONELLA INFECTION.

THERAPY FOR SPINAL MUSCULAR ATROPHY

DETERMINING THE ROLE OF LIPID DROPLETS IN GLIOBLASTOMA AND THEIR THERAPEUTIC POTENTIAL

MEDICAL SCIENTIST TRAINING PROGRAM - OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY

RESTORING MACROPHAGE FUNCTION IN CYSTIC FIBROSIS

BIOGENESIS OF PEPTIDOGLYCAN IN ESCHERICHIA COLI

COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: INVESTIGATING ICE SHEET - SOLID EARTH FEEDBACKS IN WEST ANTARCTICA: IMPLICATIONS FOR ICE SHEET EVOLUTION AND STABILITY

SEX DIFFERENCES IN PAIN REPORTS AND BRAIN ACTIVATION IN OLDER ADULTS WITH ALZHEIMERS DISEASE

PRECISION MEASUREMENT TOOLS FOR ADVANCED MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION

CARDIAC ION CHANNEL REGULATION

PERK DEPENDENT MECHANISMS OF NEUROINFLAMMATION

OVERCOMING HYPOXIC RESISTANCE IN NON-SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER BY TARGETING MITOCHONDRIAL METABOLISM - PROJECT SUMMARY MANY GROUPS ARE INVESTIGATING WHY SOME LUNG CANCER PATIENTS RESPOND WELL TO RADIO- AND IMMUNO-THERAPIES AND SOME DO NOT. ONE VARIABLE IS TUMOR HYPOXIA, AND MANY GROUPS HAVE SHOWN IT CAN SIGNIFICANTLY INHIBIT THE EFFECTIVENESS TO THESE THERAPEUTIC MODALITIES. CLINICAL STUDIES HAVE IDENTIFIED HYPOXIA AS AN INDEPENDENT PROGNOSTIC INDICATOR OF POOR PATIENT OUTCOMES, BUT EVEN THOUGH THIS CONNECTION HAS BEEN KNOWN FOR DECADES, NO FDA-APPROVED INTERVENTION EXISTS TO CLINICALLY OVERCOME HYPOXIA. SOME INVESTIGATORS HAVE TRIED TO DELIVER MORE OXYGEN TO THE TUMOR, BUT THIS APPROACH REMAINS CONSTRAINED DUE TO THE POORLY FORMED TUMOR VASCULATURE. WE HAVE TAKEN AN INNOVATIVE APPROACH AND ASKED IF WE CAN REDUCE DEMAND FOR, RATHER THAN INCREASE SUPPLY OF, OXYGEN TO REDUCE HYPOXIA. WE HAVE FOUND THAT THE FDA-APPROVED VASORELAXANT PAPAVERINE (PPV) HAS AN OFF- TARGET ABILITY TO INHIBIT MITOCHONDRIAL COMPLEX 1, AND REDUCE OXYGEN CONSUMPTION RAPIDLY, IN LOW MICROMOLAR CONCENTRATIONS IN EVERY CELL LINE TESTED IN VITRO. WE HAVE ALSO SHOWN THAT PPV CAN ENHANCE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF RADIATION AND IMMUNE CHECKPOINT BLOCKADE (ICB) IN PRECLINICAL MODELS OF LUNG AND OTHER CANCERS, WITHOUT SENSITIZING WELL-OXYGENATED NORMAL TISSUE. REDUCING HYPOXIA REVERSES IMMUNE PRIVILEGE, DECREASES TERMINALLY- EXHAUSTED T CELLS, AND INCREASES PROGENITORS THAT ARE RESPONSIVE TO PD-1 BLOCKADE. WE HAVE MORE RECENTLY DEVELOPED NEW DERIVATIVES OF PPV THAT HAVE LOST THEIR VASORELAXANT CAPABILITY AND INCREASED THEIR DURATION OF ACTION SO THAT THEY CAN BE IMPROVED IMMUNO-SENSITIZERS. WE NOW PROPOSE TO TEST THE HYPOTHESIS THAT PPV CAN EFFECTIVELY ENHANCE THE RADIO- AND IMMUNO-THERAPEUTIC TREATMENT OF PRECLINICAL MODELS OF LUNG CANCER, AND THAT IT IS FEASIBLE TO ADD PPV TO STANDARD OF CARE THERAPY FOR ADVANCED NON-SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER (NSCLC). WE HAVE EXAMINED TCGA DATABASES AND FOUND THAT LUNG CANCER DRIVER MUTATIONS IN THE KEAP1/NRF2 PATHWAY LEAD TO HIGH LEVELS OF MITOCHONDRIAL GENE EXPRESSION THAT CAN CAUSE ELEVATED OXYGEN METABOLISM CONTRIBUTING TO HYPOXIA. IN AIM 1, WE WILL INVESTIGATE THE EFFECTS OF ONCOGENIC NRF2 ACTIVATION HUMAN AND MURINE CELLS AND MODEL TUMORS TO DETERMINE THE DEPENDENCE OF THESE CELLS ON MITOCHONDRIAL FUNCTION, HOW INCREASED OXYGEN METABOLISM CONTRIBUTES TO TUMOR HYPOXIA, AND IF THERAPY-REFRACTORY TUMORS ARE SENSITIZED BY PPV OR ITS DERIVATIVES. IN AIM 2, WE WILL EXAMINE THE EFFECT OF TUMOR HYPOXIA ON THE MIGRATION AND ACTIVATION OF T-CELLS IN MODEL TUMORS AND HOW THE IMMUNE INFILTRATE CHANGES AFTER REDUCTION OF HYPOXIA WITH PPV OR ITS DERIVATIVES. FINALLY, IN AIM 3 WE WILL PERFORM A PHASE 1 CLINICAL TRIAL TO DETERMINE IF THE ADDITION OF PPV IS FEASIBLE FOR PATIENTS RECEIVING STANDARD OF CARE CHEMORADIATION FOLLOWED BY IMMUNOTHERAPY FOR ADVANCED NSCLC. WE WILL LOOK FOR EFFECTIVENESS IN CHANGING TUMOR OXYGENATION USING PAIRED BLOOD LEVEL OXYGEN DETERMINATION (BOLD) MRIS, AND FOR CHANGES IN IMMUNE POPULATIONS OF PERIPHERAL BLOOD MONONUCLEAR CELLS. THESE STUDIES WILL LET US KNOW IF, AND HOW, TO USE PPV OR ITS NOVEL DERIVATIVES IN FUTURE CLINICAL TRIALS FOR THE TREATMENT OF NSCLC.

SEPTIC LUNG INJURY AND SURFACTANT

AQUEOUS HUMOR DYNAMIC COMPONENTS THAT DETERMINE INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE VARIANCE

INTEGRATED CROSSTALK OF THIN FILAMENT POST-TRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATIONS

MECHANISMS OF CHROMATIN REGULATION OF TRANSCRIPTION - MECHANISMS OF CHROMATIN REGULATION OF TRANSCRIPTION PROJECT SUMMARY OVER THE PAST DECADE, THE POIRIER LAB HAS WORKED TO CONTRIBUTE TO THE FIELDS OF CHROMATIN BIOLOGY AND TRANSCRIPTION REGULATION BY DEVELOPING A RESEARCH PROGRAM THAT IS FOCUSED ON THE MECHANISMS BY WHICH CHROMATIN AND NUCLEOSOME STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS REGULATE GENOME ACCESSIBLITY TO TRANSCRIPTION REGULATORY COMPLEXES. WE HAVE DEVELOPED AND APPLIED ON OUR OWN AND THROUGH COLLABORATIONS, A WIDE RANGE OF EXPERIMENTAL TOOLS THAT ENABLE MECHANISTIC STUDIES INCLUDING SINGLE MOLECULE FLUORSCENCE, SINGLE MOLECULE FORCE SPECTROSCOPY, ENSEMBLE FLUORESCENCE, AND HISTONE CHEMICAL LIGATIONS. IN COMBINATION, WE HAVE QUANTITATIVELY INVESTIGATED HOW CHROMATIN REGULATORS INCLUDING HISTONE POST TRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATIONS (PTMS), PTM BINDING PROTEINS (READERS), CHROMATIN REMODELERS, LINKER HISTONES, AND TRANSCRIPTON FACTORS FUNCTION TO CONTROL GENOME ACCESSIBLITY TO CHROMATIN REGULATORY COMPLEXES. BUILDING OFF THIS WORK, WE PROPOSE TO INVESTIGATE TWO CENTRAL QUESTIONS IN THE FIELDS OF CHROMATIN BIOLOGY AND TRANSCRIPTION IN THE COMING 5 YEARS: (I) HOW DO PIONEER TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS TARGET THEIR RECOGNITION SITES WITHIN COMPACT NUCLEOSOMES AND CHROMATIN, AND THEN FACILITATE CHROMATIN DECOMPACTION? (II) HOW DO EPIGENETIC REGULATORS FUNCTION TOGETHER TO SYNERGISTICALLY OR ANTAGONISTICALLY REGULATE GENOME ACCESSIBILITY TO TRANSCRIPTION REGULATORY COMPLEXES? PIONEER FACTORS (PFS) ARE MASTER REGULATORS OF CELL DIFFERENTIATION, ARE CORRELATED WITH NUCLEOSOME DEPLETION, AND SOMEHOW ACCESS THEIR BINDING SITES WITHIN COMPACT CHROMATIN THAT ARE INACCESSIBLE TO CANONICAL TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS (TFS). FURTHERMORE, PF DISFUNCTION IS STRONGLY CORRELATED WITH DISEASE MOST NOTABLY CANCER. BY COMBINING SINGLE MOLECULE AND ENSEMBLE STUDIES WE WILL DIRECTLY TEST DISTINCT MECHANISMS OF PF FUNCTION, AND DETERMINE WHAT DIFFERENTIATES PFS FROM CANONICAL TFS. FURTHERMORE, THROUGH COLLABORATIVE WORK WE WILL INVESTIGATE THE SAME PFS IN VIVO TO DETERMINE HOW THE PF MECHANISMS THAT EMERGE FROM OUR IN VITRO STUDIES IMPACT THEIR FUNCTIONS IN VIVO. THIS FIRST DIRECTION WILL PROVIDE KEY INSIGHTS INTO HOW PIONEER FACTORS GAIN ACCESS TO THEIR SITES WITHIN COMPACT CHROMATIN AND WHAT DIFFERENTIATES PFS FROM CANONICAL TFS. EPIGENETIC REGULATORS INCLUDING HISTONE PTMS, AND THEIR READERS AND WRITERS ARE CRITICAL TO ORGANISMAL DEVELOPMENT, AGING AND NUMEROUS DISEASES INCLUDING CANCER. WE AND OTHERS HAVE INVESTIGATED THESE REGULATORS INDIVIDUALLY, YET HOW THEY FUNCTION IN COMBINATION REMAINS LARGELY UNKNOWN. LEVERAGING OUR ABILITY TO PREPARE CORE HISTONE AND MOST RECENTLY LINKER HISTONES WITH ANY COMBINATION OF PTMS, HISTONE H3 READERS, AND MOST RECENTLY BIOCHEMICAL QUANTITIES OF ENDOGENOUS HUMAN SAGA AND ATAC COMPLEXES, WE WILL USE SINGLE MOLECULE, ENSEMBLE AND ES CELL-BASED METHODS TO DETERMINE HOW BIOLOGICALLY RELEVANT COMBINATIONS OF THESE REGULATORS CONTROL ACCESSIBILITY TO CANONICAL TFS AND INFLUENCE PFS. THIS SECOND DIRECTION WILL PROVIDE A MECHANISTIC AND FUNCTIONAL FOUNDATION FOR UNDERSTANDING HOW KEY EPIGENETIC TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATORS DIFFERENTIALLY CONTROL CHROMATIN DYNAMICS, ACCESSIBILITY AND TRANSCRIPTION.

ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE PATHOGENESIS AND THE DESYNCHRONIZATION OF CORTICO-LIMBIC CIRCADIAN RHYTHMS

BIOCHEMISTRY OF LYSYL-TRNA SYNTHETASES

MICROBIAL ECOLOGY OF THE INFLAMED INTESTINE

DOUBLE-BLIND RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL OF EEG NEUROFEEDBACK FOR ADHD