Embry-Riddle Aeronautical

CARES ACT FUNDING NO. 2

CARES ACT FUNDING NO. 1

UAS GROUND COLLISION SEVERITY

THE PURPOSE OF THIS AGREEMENT IS TO FUND RESEARCH SUPPORTING THE DEFENSE ADVANCED RESEARCH PROJECTS AGENCY (DARPA) ATMOSPHERE AS A SENSOR (ATMOSENSE) PROGRAM. THIS EFFORT SHALL BE CARRIED OUT GENERALLY AS SET FORTH IN EXHIBIT B, RESEARCH DESCRIPTION DOCUMENT, DATED NOVEMBER 3, 2020, AND IN THE RECIPIENTS PROPOSAL TITLED, AIRWAVES: ATMOSPHERE-IONOSPHERE RESPONSES TO WAVE SIGNALS, DATED MAY 6, 2020, COPIES OF WHICH ARE IN THE POSSESSION OF BOTH PARTIES.

SPORADIC E (ES) LAYERS ARE CHARACTERIZED BY DENSITY ENHANCEMENTS IN THE E-REGION OF THE IONOSPHERE THAT VARY FROM SEVERAL TIMES TO AN ORDER OF MAGNITUDE HIGHER THAN BACKGROUND PLASMA DENSITY. UNDERSTANDING THE DYNAMICS AND PHYSICS OF ES LAYERS IS OF CRITICAL IMPORTANCE DUE TO WHAT THEY REVEAL ABOUT THE DYNAMICS AND ELECTRODYNAMICS OF THE IONOSPHERE AND THE AFFECT THESE IONIZED LAYERS HAVE ON VARIOUS RADIO COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS. OUR RECENT WORK HAS SHOWN THAT NEAR THE EQUATOR ES LAYERS ARE PRODUCED NOT JUST BY WIND SHEARS BUT ALSO BY UNDULATIONS IN THE VERTICAL ELECTRIC FIELD HIGHER UP IN THE E REGION. THE UNDULATIONS SEEM TO THEMSELVES BE TRIGGERED BY THE VERY MODULATION OF THE ES LAYER BY THE NIGHT-TIME F REGION DYNAMO THEREBY INTRODUCING A COMPLEX FEEDBACK MECHANISM THAT STRONGLY AFFECTS THE POSITION AND EVOLUTION OF THE LAYER . WE ALSO SHOWED ELECTRON TEMPERATURE DATA THAT CONFIRMED MULTIPLE OBSERVATIONS OF ELECTRON TEMPERATURES AROUND ES LAYERS THAT CAN BE ENHANCED BY UP TO 1000 K. WE MADE A CASE FOR THE HEATING RATE BEING PRODUCED BY PARALLEL CURRENT DENSITIES OF THE ORDER OF 1 TO 2 MICROAMPS/M^2. THESE CURRENTS WERE CAUSED DIRECTLY BY THE F REGION DYNAMO ITSELF IN THE DENSITY TROUGHS WHILE IN THE DENSITY MAXIMA REGIONS THEY WERE TRIGGERED BY A DIVERGENCE IN THE CURRENTS PERPENDICULAR TO THE MAGNETIC FIELD RESULTING FROM THE ES LAYER ITSELF IN THE PRESENCE OF THE OBSERVED F REGION GENERATED ELECTRIC FIELDS.

CYBERCORPS SCHOLARSHIP FOR SERVICE: HIGH-SKILLED WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT FOR THE AVIATION AND AEROSPACE CYBERSECURITY DOMAINS -AVIATION AND AEROSPACE CYBERSECURITY IS OF CRITICAL IMPORTANCE TO THE NATION. AS A KEY COMPONENT OF THE OVERALL U.S. TRANSPORTATION INFRASTRUCTURE, IT PROTECTS PEOPLE AND CONTRIBUTES TO AMERICAN PROSPERITY AND LEADERSHIP. THIS PROJECT PROMOTES WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT IN THIS VITAL SECTOR BY BUILDING ON UNDERGRADUATE AND GRADUATE CYBERSECURITY PROGRAMS AT EMBRY-RIDDLE AERONAUTICAL UNIVERSITY (ERAU), WHERE BOTH ERAU CAMPUSES (DAYTONA BEACH, FL AND PRESCOTT, AZ) HAVE A HISTORY OF COLLABORATIVE EDUCATION AND RESEARCH ACTIVITIES WITHIN THE AVIATION AND AEROSPACE CYBERSECURITY DOMAIN. KNOWN LOCALLY AS CYBER EAGLES, THE PROJECT WILL ADVANCE THE COLLABORATION ECOSYSTEM ACROSS EDUCATION PROGRAMS AND RESEARCH CENTERS TO PREPARE STUDENTS FOR PRODUCTIVE CYBERSECURITY CAREERS AND LEADERSHIP ROLES IN FEDERAL AND STATE AGENCIES. THE PROGRAM WILL RECRUIT DIVERSE SCHOLARS AND CREATE A SUPPORTIVE ENVIRONMENT THROUGH EFFECTIVE MENTORSHIP, A WELL-DEVELOPED CURRICULUM, STUDENT INVOLVEMENT ACTIVITIES, AND RESEARCH EXPERIENCES. THESE PROJECT COMPONENTS WILL HELP ESTABLISH A PATHWAY THAT ENABLES STUDENTS TO PARTICIPATE IN AN ENVIRONMENT WHERE THEY CAN EXCEL AND ENTER A REWARDING CAREER IN GOVERNMENT AVIATION AND AEROSPACE ADMINISTRATION AGENCIES. THE PROJECT AIMS TO DEVELOP A HIGH-SKILLED WORKFORCE TO COVER THE NATION?S NEEDS IN THE AREA OF AVIATION AND AEROSPACE CYBERSECURITY, FOCUSING ON THE SAFETY-CRITICALITY ASPECTS OF AIRBORNE SYSTEMS AND THE PROTECTION OF ASSOCIATED HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE ASSETS. THE PROJECT WILL FUND 20 SCHOLARSHIPS TO STUDENTS OVER A FIVE-YEAR PERIOD. STUDENT SCHOLARS WILL BENEFIT FROM THE STRONG TIES THAT ERAU HAS WITH FEDERAL AND STATE AVIATION AND TRANSPORTATION ADMINISTRATION AGENCIES AND THE AVIATION AND AEROSPACE INDUSTRY. SCHOLARS WILL HAVE THE OPPORTUNITY TO MEET AND LEARN FROM TOP CYBERSECURITY ENGINEERS AND MANAGERS FROM GOVERNMENT AND INDUSTRY THROUGH AVIATION AND AEROSPACE-THEMED PROJECTS, EVENTS, AND SYMPOSIA HOSTED BY ERAU. FURTHERMORE, THE PROJECT WILL TAKE ADVANTAGE OF ON-SITE EXPERTISE AT ERAU IN ALL COMPUTATION AND COMMUNICATION SERVICES RELATED TO FLIGHT OPERATIONS, INCLUDING AIRBORNE HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE, AVIONICS EQUIPMENT, AND NETWORK AND COMMUNICATION DATA LINKS AMONG AIRCRAFT, GROUND STATIONS, RADAR SYSTEMS, AND SATELLITE SYSTEMS. THIS EXPERTISE PLACES THE SCHOLARSHIP STUDENTS IN A UNIQUE POSITION TO CONTRIBUTE TO CYBERSECURITY PROTECTION DURING THE DESIGN, DEVELOPMENT, AND OPERATION STAGES OF SYSTEMS SPECIFIC FOR THE AVIATION AND AEROSPACE DOMAIN. THIS PROJECT IS SUPPORTED BY THE CYBERCORPS? SCHOLARSHIP FOR SERVICE (SFS) PROGRAM, WHICH FUNDS PROPOSALS ESTABLISHING OR CONTINUING SCHOLARSHIP PROGRAMS IN CYBERSECURITY AND ALIGNS WITH THE U.S. NATIONAL CYBER STRATEGY TO DEVELOP A SUPERIOR CYBERSECURITY WORKFORCE. FOLLOWING GRADUATION, SCHOLARSHIP RECIPIENTS ARE REQUIRED TO WORK IN CYBERSECURITY FOR A FEDERAL, STATE, LOCAL, OR TRIBAL GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATION FOR THE SAME DURATION AS THEIR SCHOLARSHIP SUPPORT. THIS AWARD REFLECTS NSF'S STATUTORY MISSION AND HAS BEEN DEEMED WORTHY OF SUPPORT THROUGH EVALUATION USING THE FOUNDATION'S INTELLECTUAL MERIT AND BROADER IMPACTS REVIEW CRITERIA.

START-UP ACTIVITIES

INCUBATOR-RESEARCH BLDG

IUSE/PFE: RED INNOVATION: USING SCRUM TO DEVELOP AN AGILE DEPARTMENT

THE PURPOSE OF THIS AGREEMENT IS TO FUND RESEARCH SUPPORTING THE DEFENSE ADVANCED RESEARCH PROJECTS AGENCYS DARPA ATMOSPHERE AS A SENSOR ATMOSENSE PROGRAM. THIS EFFORT SHALL BE CARRIED OUT GENERALLY AS SET FORTH IN EXHIBIT B, RESEARCH DESCRIPTION DOCUMENT, DATED AUGUST 25, 2023, AND IN THE RECIPIENTS, PROPOSAL TITLED, ATMOSENSE AIRWAVES ATMOSPHERE IONOSPHERE RESPONSES TO WAVE SIGNALS, PHASE II, ORIGINALLY DATED APRIL 21, 2023 AND REVISED AND RESUBMITTED TO THE GOVERNMENT ON AUGUST 25, 2023, COPIES OF BOTH ARE IN POSSESSION OF ALL PARTIES.

D.4 UNIVERSITY LEADERSHIP INITIATIVE THE UNIVERSITY LEADERSHIP INITIATIVE (ULI) IS A PORTFOLIO ITEM IN NASA AERONAUTICS RESEARCH MISSION DIRECTORATE S (ARMD) UNIVERSITY INNOVATION (UI) PROJECT. THE UNIVERSITY LEADERSHIP INITIATIVE IS A GRANT AND COOPERATIVE AGREEMENT FUNDING OPPORTUNITY IN NASA S ARMD UI PROJECT. D.4.1 ULI OVERVIEW AND GOALS ARMD CREATED ULI FOR UNIVERSITIES TO TAKE THE LEAD BUILD THEIR OWN TEAMS AND SET THEIR OWN RESEARCH PATH. ULI SEEKS NEW INNOVATIVE IDEAS THAT CAN COMPLEMENT THE NASA ARMD PORTFOLIO AND SUPPORT THE U.S. AVIATION COMMUNITY TO BENEFIT THE AMERICAN PUBLIC. ULI S STRATEGIC GOALS ARE: ASSIST IN ACHIEVING AVIATION OUTCOMES DEFINED IN THE ARMD STRATEGIC IMPLEMENTATION PLAN 2023 ( STRATEGIC PLAN ) [REF. 1] THROUGH NASA-COMPLEMENTARY RESEARCH. TRANSITION RESEARCH RESULTS TO AN APPROPRIATE RANGE OF STAKEHOLDERS THAT LEADS TO A CONTINUATION OF THE RESEARCH. TRANSITION CAN OCCUR IN SEVERAL WAYS INCLUDING THE FOLLOWING: O CREATES A NEW PRODUCT LINE IN U.S. INDUSTRY OR A NEW ARMD PROJECT O WHOLE ULI CONCEPT IS TRANSITIONED TO U.S. INDUSTRY/ARMD PROJECT O PART OF THE ULI CONCEPT IS TRANSITIONED TO U.S. INDUSTRY/ARMD PROJECT O ULI FINDINGS IMPACT DIRECTION OF U.S. INDUSTRY/ARMD. PROVIDE BROAD OPPORTUNITIES FOR EDUCATION AND WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT BY TARGETING STUDENTS AT DIFFERENT LEVELS INCLUDING K-12 COMMUNITY COLLEGE UNDERGRADUATE AND GRADUATE TO PARTICIPATE IN AERONAUTICS RESEARCH AND RELEVANT EDUCATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES. PROMOTE INCREASED PARTICIPATION OF NON-R1 INSTITUTIONS [REF. 2] AND UNDERREPRESENTED UNIVERSITY FACULTIES IN ULI ACTIVITIES. ULI PROVIDES THE OPPORTUNITY FOR UNIVERSITY TEAMS TO EXERCISE TECHNICAL AND ORGANIZATIONAL LEADERSHIP IN PROPOSING UNIQUE TECHNICAL CHALLENGES DEFINING 7 INTERDISCIPLINARY SOLUTIONS ESTABLISHING PEER REVIEW MECHANISMS AND APPLYING INNOVATIVE TEAMING STRATEGIES TO STRENGTHEN THE RESEARCH IMPACT. BY ADDRESSING THE MOST COMPLEX CHALLENGES ASSOCIATED WITH ARMD STRATEGIC THRUSTS UNIVERSITIES WILL ACCELERATE PROGRESS TOWARD ACHIEVEMENT OF HIGH IMPACT OUTCOMES WHILE LEVERAGING THEIR CAPABILITY TO BRING TOGETHER THE BEST AND BRIGHTEST MINDS ACROSS MANY DISCIPLINES. IN ORDER TO TRANSITION THEIR RESEARCH PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATORS (PIS) ARE EXPECTED TO ACTIVELY EXPLORE TRANSITION OPPORTUNITIES AND PURSUE FOLLOW-ON FUNDING FROM STAKEHOLDERS AND INDUSTRIAL PARTNERS DURING THE AWARD.

MURI MITIGATE MODELING OF IONOSPHERE-THERMOSPHERE IMPACTS OF GRAVITY WAVES FROM TROPOSPHERIC SOURCES TRACKING NUMBER 24-000007421

DEVELOPMENT AND TESTING OF A MINIATURIZED DOUBLE LANGMUIR PROBE FOR SMALL SATELLITE.PLATFORMS

EXPANDING THE NATION?S STEM TALENT POOL BY ACCELERATING GRADUATE DEGREE COMPLETION IN COMPUTER, SOFTWARE, AND CYBERSECURITY ENGINEERING -THIS PROJECT WILL CONTRIBUTE TO THE NATIONAL NEED FOR WELL-EDUCATED SCIENTISTS, MATHEMATICIANS, ENGINEERS, AND TECHNICIANS BY FOSTERING STUDENT SUCCESS AND SUPPORTING THE RETENTION AND GRADUATION OF DOMESTIC, HIGH-ACHIEVING, LOW-INCOME STUDENTS WITH DEMONSTRATED FINANCIAL NEED AT THE EMBRY-RIDDLE AERONAUTICAL UNIVERSITY, A NON-PROFIT PRIVATE INSTITUTION. OVER ITS SIX-YEAR DURATION, THIS PROJECT WILL FUND SCHOLARSHIPS TO 25 UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS TO PURSUE FOUR-YEAR BACHELOR?S DEGREES IN COMPUTER SCIENCE, SOFTWARE ENGINEERING, OR COMPUTER ENGINEERING. SUBSEQUENTLY THE SCHOLARS WILL PURSUE A ONE-YEAR ACCELERATED MASTER?S DEGREE IN ONE OF THE FOLLOWING AREAS: SOFTWARE ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL, AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING, OR CYBERSECURITY ENGINEERING. FIRST-YEAR STUDENTS WILL RECEIVE UP TO FIVE YEARS OF SCHOLARSHIP SUPPORT. THE PROJECT WILL INCREASE STUDENT PERSISTENCE IN STEM FIELDS BY LINKING SCHOLARSHIPS WITH A NEWLY CREATED EFFECTIVE ECOSYSTEM THAT COMBINES EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICES SUCH AS FACULTY MENTORING, ACADEMIC ADVISING, PARTICIPATION IN THE LEARNING COMMUNITY, PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES, GUIDANCE IN ACQUIRING INTERNSHIPS AND RESEARCH OPPORTUNITIES. WITH THE HELP OF MENTORS, THE SCHOLARS WILL CREATE INDIVIDUAL DEVELOPMENT PLANS OUTLINING THEIR CAREER GOALS AND STEPS TOWARD ACHIEVING THOSE GOALS. THE PROJECT WILL ALSO INCLUDE THE EVALUATION OF THE IMPACT OF THE ECOSYSTEM ON SUPPORTING THE ACADEMIC SUCCESS OF SCHOLARS AND THE IDENTIFICATION OF BEST PRACTICES AND LESSONS LEARNED. THIS PROJECT WILL SIGNIFICANTLY CONTRIBUTE TOWARDS CREATING A MODEL THAT ACTIVELY ENGAGES STUDENTS FROM GROUPS UNDERREPRESENTED IN STEM FIELDS OF STUDY, BROADENS PARTICIPATION IN STEM, AND INFUSES 25 TALENTED AND DIVERSE ENGINEERS WITH ADVANCED DEGREES IN ENGINEERING INTO THE AMERICAN WORKFORCE. THE OVERALL GOAL OF THIS PROJECT IS TO INCREASE UNDERGRADUATE AND GRADUATE STEM DEGREE COMPLETION OF DOMESTIC, LOW-INCOME, HIGH-ACHIEVING UNDERGRADUATES WITH DEMONSTRATED FINANCIAL NEED IN STEM FIELD. THREE SPECIFIC AIMS GUIDE THE PROJECT. FIRST IS TO DELIVER FINANCIAL SUPPORT TO DOMESTIC, LOW-INCOME, HIGH-ACHIEVING STUDENTS WHO WILL PURSUE AN UNDERGRADUATE AND ACCELERATED MASTER?S DEGREE IN ENGINEERING. SECOND IS TO LEVERAGE EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICES TO FOSTER STUDENT SUCCESS, INCREASE RETENTION AND DEGREE ATTAINMENT. THIRD, AND FINALLY, IS TO EVALUATE THE IMPACT OF THE NEWLY CREATED ECOSYSTEM IN SUPPORTING THE ACADEMIC SUCCESS OF SCHOLARS IN ENGINEERING, AND DISSEMINATE BEST PRACTICES AND LESSONS LEARNED. LITTLE IS KNOWN ABOUT THE FACTORS THAT AFFECT THE ACADEMIC SUCCESS OF DOMESTIC, LOW-INCOME, HIGH-ACHIEVING UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS IN ENGINEERING FIELDS AT A PRIVATE INSTITUTION, AND HOW FACTORS SUCH AS GENDER, ETHNIC BACKGROUND AND DISCIPLINE IMPACT THEIR SUCCESS, WHICH IS THE FOCUS OF THIS PROJECT. TWO RESEARCH QUESTIONS WILL BE INVESTIGATED IN THIS PROJECT: (A) DOES THE ACADEMIC SUCCESS OF SCHOLARS IMPROVE ACROSS THE YEARS BY BEING PART OF THIS PROJECT? (B) WHAT WERE THE FACTORS EFFECTING THE ACADEMIC SUCCESS OF THE SCHOLARS, AND WHAT ARE THE ACCOMPLISHMENTS, BEST PRACTICES, AND LESSONS LEARNED FROM IMPLEMENTING THE ECOSYSTEM FOR THE SCHOLARS? THIS PROJECT IS FUNDED BY NSF?S SCHOLARSHIPS IN SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING, AND MATHEMATICS PROGRAM, WHICH SEEKS TO INCREASE THE NUMBER OF LOW-INCOME ACADEMICALLY TALENTED STUDENTS WITH DEMONSTRATED FINANCIAL NEED WHO EARN DEGREES IN STEM FIELDS. IT ALSO AIMS TO IMPROVE THE EDUCATION OF FUTURE STEM WORKERS, AND TO GENERATE KNOWLEDGE ABOUT ACADEMIC SUCCESS, RETENTION, TRANSFER, GRADUATION, AND ACADEMIC/CAREER PATHWAYS OF LOW-INCOME STUDENTS. THIS AWARD REFLECTS NSF'S STATUTORY MISSION AND HAS BEEN DEEMED WORTHY OF SUPPORT THROUGH EVALUATION USING THE FOUNDATION'S INTELLECTUAL MERIT AND BROADER IMPACTS REVIEW CRITERIA.

COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: INSTABILITIES AND TURBULENCE IN GRAVITY WAVE DISSIPATION AND FORMATION OF THERMOSPHERIC SODIUM LAYERS ABOVE THE ANDES

DEVELOPMENT AND TESTING OF A MULTI NEEDLE LANGMUIR PROBE FOR THE DETECTION OF EXTREMELY SMALL SPATIAL STRUCTURES IN LOW EARTH ORBIT

UPWARD BOUND

STUDY ON ION HEATING EFFICIENCY IN PLASMA COMPRESSION PREHEATED BY MAGNETIC RECONNECTION

UPWARD BOUND PROGRAM

THE PROPOSED WORK PLANS TO INVESTIGATE THE ROLE OF ELECTRON PRECIPITATION IN PRODUCING AURORAL SCINTILLATION

EMBRY-RIDDLE AERONAUTICAL UNIVERSITY FY22 UPWARD BOUND PROGRAM

RONALD E. MCNAIR POST-BACCALAUREATE ACHIEVEMENT

RONALD E. MCNAIR POSTBACCALAUREATE ACHIEVEMENT

HIGH-RESOLUTION MODELING OF MESOSCALE AURORAL IONOSPHERE-THERMOSPHERE COUPLING PROCESSES

UPWARD BOUND PROGRAM: CFDA NUMBER: 84.047AREGULAR UPWARD BOUND PROGRAM AT EMBRY-RIDDLE AERONAUTICAL UNIVERSITY, PRESCOTT, AZ

HANGAR CONSTRUCTION

EXPLORATION: AEROSPACE STUDENT-TEACHER PROGRAM FOR INNOVATION, RESEARCH, AND EDUCATION (ASPIRE) -THE AEROSPACE STUDENT-TEACHER PROGRAM FOR INNOVATION, RESEARCH, AND EDUCATION (ASPIRE) IS DEDICATED TO MERGING AEROSPACE ADVANCED MANUFACTURING (AM) AND ADVANCED AIR MOBILITY (AAM), INTEGRATING CUTTING-EDGE AVIATION TECHNOLOGIES LIKE UNMANNED AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS (UAS), ELECTRIC AIRCRAFT, AND AIR TRANSPORTATION (AT) WITH AUTOMATED AIR TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT. THE PROGRESS IN ADVANCED MANUFACTURING ENHANCES THE RAPID GROWTH OF UNMANNED AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS (UAS), ENABLING THE CREATION OF DRONES THAT ARE LIGHTER, STRONGER, AND MORE EFFICIENT. ASPIRE FOR HIGH SCHOOL PARTICIPANTS AND EDUCATORS IN ADVANCED MANUFACTURING IS RELATED TO THE ABOVE FIELDS. RECOGNIZING THE INCREASING DEMAND FOR SKILLED INDIVIDUALS IN THE EVOLVING AEROSPACE INDUSTRY, THE ASPIRE TEAM HAS TAILORED EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING ACTIVITIES AND STEM EDUCATION FOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS AND TEACHERS, SPECIFICALLY TARGETING STUDENTS FROM UNDERREPRESENTED AND LOW-INCOME BACKGROUNDS, AS WELL AS SCHOOLS LACKING EXPERIENTIAL PROGRAMS. ASPIRE'S MISSION INCLUDES ANNUALLY BRINGING SUBJECT MATTER EXPERTS TO HIGH SCHOOLS, DELIVERING THE AEROSPACE CENTERED CAREER EXPLORATION FOR STUDENT SUCCESS (ACCESS) PROGRAM TO 100 STUDENTS. TWENTY PERCENT OF THESE STUDENTS HAVE THE OPPORTUNITY TO ENGAGE IN SUMMER RESEARCH INTERNSHIPS THROUGH SKY-CARE (SUMMER PROGRAM FOR HIGH SCHOOL YOUTH IN CAREER AEROSPACE, AVIATION, AND RESEARCH EDUCATION), ALONGSIDE PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT OPPORTUNITIES. FURTHERMORE, THE ACCESS PROGRAM EXPANDS EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING ACTIVITIES FOR 100 HIGH SCHOOL EDUCATORS EACH YEAR. THE PROJECT TEAM WILL DEVELOP A CURRICULUM INTEGRATING PRACTICAL EXPERIENCE WITH AERONAUTICAL MANUFACTURING EDUCATION, TO FOSTER THEIR INTERESTS, MOTIVATIONS, SKILLS, KNOWLEDGE, AND PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCIES IN PURSUING CAREERS PROVIDING 20% OF THESE EDUCATORS WITH CLASSROOM SUPPLY GRANTS TO ENHANCE STUDENT LEARNING EXPERIENCES. ASPIRE ALSO FORMS PARTNERSHIPS WITH RELEVANT ORGANIZATIONS TO AMPLIFY ITS IMPACT. IT EMPLOYS A COMBINATION OF EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING ACTIVITIES, SUCH AS HANDS-ON WORKSHOPS IN ROCKET LAUNCHING, UAS DRONE DESIGN, ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, FLIGHT AND UAS SIMULATIONS, SUMMER RESEARCH INTERNSHIPS, AND RIGOROUS EVALUATION MECHANISMS. AN ANNUAL INTERNSHIP SHOWCASE CONFERENCE ALLOWS PARTICIPANTS TO PRESENT THEIR LEARNING OUTCOMES THROUGH ORAL PRESENTATIONS. THE PROJECT'S OBJECTIVES INCLUDE FOSTERING DIVERSITY IN THE AEROSPACE INDUSTRY BY EXPOSING STUDENTS FROM DIVERSE BACKGROUNDS TO THESE FIELDS AND ENHANCING RESEARCH SKILLS AMONG EDUCATORS. IT GOES BEYOND TRADITIONAL HIGH SCHOOL EDUCATION BY EMPLOYING EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING PEDAGOGIES. THE PROJECT AIMS TO CULTIVATE CRITICAL THINKING AND INDEPENDENT PROBLEM-SOLVING SKILLS, NURTURING INNOVATIVE THINKERS PREPARED TO ADVANCE PROGRESS IN AEROSPACE INDUSTRIES AND BEYOND. ASPIRE ADOPTS A HOLISTIC APPROACH THAT FOCUSES ON BOTH ACADEMIC PROFICIENCY AND ESSENTIAL PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCIES. IT PREPARES STUDENTS FOR FUTURE CAREERS BY IMPARTING TECHNICAL WRITING, ORAL PRESENTATION, AND SCIENTIFIC COMMUNICATION SKILLS, THEREBY CONTRIBUTING TO COLLABORATIVE AND FORWARD-THINKING AEROSPACE COMMUNITIES. BY IMPLEMENTING ASPIRE, THE PROJECT TEAM SEEKS TO MAKE A SIGNIFICANT CONTRIBUTION TO THE FUTURE WORKFORCE AND SUSTAINABILITY OF THE AEROSPACE INDUSTRY. FURTHERMORE, IT AIMS TO PROMOTE DIVERSITY, EQUITY, AND INCLUSION IN STEM EDUCATION AND CAREERS, THEREBY FOSTERING A MORE INCLUSIVE AND INNOVATIVE LANDSCAPE. THIS AWARD REFLECTS NSF'S STATUTORY MISSION AND HAS BEEN DEEMED WORTHY OF SUPPORT THROUGH EVALUATION USING THE FOUNDATION'S INTELLECTUAL MERIT AND BROADER IMPACTS REVIEW CRITERIA.- SUBAWARDS ARE NOT PLANNED FOR THIS AWARD.

RONALD E. MCNAIR POST-BACCALAUREATE ACHIEVEMENT

COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: A NATIONAL CONSORTIUM FOR SYNERGISTIC UNDERGRADUATE MATHEMATICS VIA MULTI-INSTITUTIONAL INTERDISCIPLINARY TEACHING PARTNERSHIPS (SUMMIT-P)

DISTRIBUTED LEARNING FOR UNDERGRADUATE PROGRAMS IN DATA SCIENCE AT DIVERSE UNIVERSITIES -THIS PROJECT AIMS TO SERVE THE NATIONAL INTEREST BY IMPROVING UNDERGRADUATE EDUCATION IN DATA SCIENCE. THIS PROJECT WILL DEVELOP AND DELIVER TEN DATA SCIENCES (DS) COURSES TO STUDENTS FROM A CONSORTIUM OF ELEVEN DIVERSE UNIVERSITIES BY USING A FLEXIBLE DISTRIBUTED LEARNING (DL) PLATFORM. THIS CONSORTIUM WILL PROVIDE INCREASED OPPORTUNITIES FOR DS INSTRUCTION AT INSTITUTIONS WITH LIMITED INFRASTRUCTURE AND RESOURCES, INCLUDING SEVEN MINORITY-SERVING INSTITUTIONS. THE COURSES WILL ADAPT THE UNITED STATES MILITARY'S ADVANCED DL TECHNOLOGY TO AN ACADEMIC SETTING IN ORDER TO HARNESS THE POWER OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) IN TAILORING OPTIMAL LEARNING EXPERIENCES FOR THE SPECIFIC NEEDS OF EACH INDIVIDUAL STUDENT. PERVASIVE DL TECHNOLOGIES HELP TO OVERCOME INEFFICIENCIES FOUND AT INDIVIDUAL INSTITUTIONS DUE TO SMALL ENROLLMENTS AND LIMITED FACULTY EXPERTISE. AT LEAST TWO HUNDRED UNDERGRADUATES WILL GAIN RESEARCH EXPERIENCES FROM TAKING THE CONSORTIUM'S DS COURSEWORK, PARTICIPATING IN A SUMMER RESEARCH WORKSHOP, AND OBTAINING A DS CONSORTIUM CERTIFICATION. TO BROADEN THIS PROJECT?S OVERALL IMPACT ON EQUAL LEARNING OPPORTUNITIES AND SOCIAL MOBILITY THIS PROJECT WILL RECRUIT STUDENTS FROM DIVERSE BACKGROUNDS. THE PROJECT AIMS TO IMPLEMENT DATA-DRIVEN PEDAGOGICAL RESEARCH ON INNOVATIVE DL PRACTICES ACROSS DIVERSE UNIVERSITIES THROUGH THE USE OF ADAPTIVE DISTRIBUTED LEARNING (ADL). THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN DL AND ADL COURSES IS THAT THE LATTER UTILIZES THE INTEROPERABLE DATA EXCHANGE STANDARD OF THE U.S. DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE TO LEVERAGE THE POWER OF AI, BIG DATA, AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES. ADL PROVIDES LEARNING THAT CAN BE PERSONALIZED AND DELIVERED ANYTIME AND ANYWHERE TO AN INDIVIDUAL STUDENT. THE ADAPTATION OF ADL TECHNOLOGIES IN AN ACADEMIC SETTING REMAINS LARGELY UNTESTED AND WOULD BENEFIT GREATLY FROM AN ANALYSIS OF ITS EFFICACY. THE CONSORTIUM IS ORGANIZED INTO FOUR ORGANIZATIONAL CLUSTERS HEADED BY EMBRY-RIDDLE AERONAUTICAL UNIVERSITY (FL), THE UNIVERSITY OF NORTH TEXAS, AND FLORIDA A&M UNIVERSITY. INSTITUTIONS WITHIN EACH CLUSTER INCLUDE BETHUNE-COOKMAN UNIVERSITY (FL), CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY AT LOS ANGELES, HAMPDEN-SYDNEY COLLEGE (VA), JACKSON STATE UNIVERSITY (MS), JARVIS CHRISTIAN COLLEGE (TX), LANE COLLEGE (TN), MORGAN STATE UNIVERSITY (MD), AND SIMMONS UNIVERSITY (MA). LEVERAGING THE COMBINED PHYSICAL AND INTELLECTUAL RESOURCES OF THIS ALLIANCE OF DIVERSE INSTITUTIONS WITH DL TECHNOLOGY PROVIDES STUDENTS AT THESE INSTITUTIONS WITH THE OPPORTUNITY TO PURSUE DS TRAINING ON PAR WITH WHAT WOULD BE EXPECTED IN A RESEARCH UNIVERSITY SETTING, THEREBY REMOVING BARRIERS THAT MAY EXIST FOR THESE STUDENTS TO PREPARE FOR COMPETITION IN THE STEM JOB MARKETPLACE. THE NSF IUSE: EHR PROGRAM SUPPORTS RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS TO IMPROVE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF STEM EDUCATION FOR ALL STUDENTS. THROUGH THE ENGAGED STUDENT LEARNING TRACK, THE PROGRAM SUPPORTS THE CREATION, EXPLORATION, AND IMPLEMENTATION OF PROMISING PRACTICES AND TOOLS. THIS AWARD REFLECTS NSF'S STATUTORY MISSION AND HAS BEEN DEEMED WORTHY OF SUPPORT THROUGH EVALUATION USING THE FOUNDATION'S INTELLECTUAL MERIT AND BROADER IMPACTS REVIEW CRITERIA.

21-LWS21_2-0052 IONOSPHERIC RESPONSES TO THUNDERSTORM-GENERATED ACOUSTIC AND GRAVITY WAVES OVER THE CONTINENTAL US

MRI: ACQUISITION OF A METEOR RADAR FOR THE ANDES LIDAR OBSERVATORY

FELLOWSHIP PROGRAM FOR AEROSPACE ENGINEERING

MULTI-DOMAIN APPROACH TO INCREASED USV CAPABILITY FOR FUTURE NAVAL MISSIONS

TAS::57 3600::TAS MULTI-LAYER MODEL OF SWARM INTELLIGENCE FOR RESILIENT AUTONOMOUS SYSTEMS

ONE OF THE PENDING PROBLEMS IN COLLISIONLESS PLASMAS IS TO UNDERSTAND THE PLASMA HEATING AND TRANSPORT ACROSS THREE FUNDAMENTAL SCALES: FLUID ION AND ELECTRON. THE PLASMA INSIDE EARTH S MAGNETOTAIL PLASMA SHEET IS ~50 TIMES HOTTER THAN IN THE MAGNETOSHEATH. FURTHERMORE THE SPECIFIC ENTROPY INCREASES BY TWO ORDERS OF MAGNITUDE FROM THE MAGNETOSHEATH TO THE MAGNETOSPHERE WHICH IS A SIGNATURE OF A STRONG NON-ADIABATIC HEATING. ALSO THE COLD COMPONENT IONS ARE HOTTER BY ~30 % AT THE DAWNSIDE COMPARED TO THOSE MEASURED ON THE DUSKSIDE. OUR RECENT STATISTICAL STUDY USING THEMIS DATA INDICATES THAT THE MAGNETOSHEATH SEED POPULATION IS NOT RESPONSIBLE FOR THIS ASYMMETRY SO ADDITIONAL PHYSICAL MECHANISMS AT THE MAGNETOPAUSE OR PLASMA SHEET MUST BE AT WORK TO EXPLAIN THIS ASYMMETRIC HEATING. RECENT WORKS SUGGEST THAT DAWN-FLANK MAGNETOPAUSE BOUNDARY IS MORE PRONE TO THE FLUID-SCALE KELVIN- HELMHOLTZ INSTABILITY (KHI) AS WELL AS TO THE ION-SCALE ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE ACTIVITY WHICH MAY HELP EXPLAIN THE OBSERVED PLASMA SHEET ASYMMETRY. SCIENCE GOALS AND OBJECTIVES: THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS PROPOSAL IS TO EXAMINE THE ROLE OF CROSS-SCALE WAVE COUPLING PROCESSES FROM FLUID TO ION SCALES WITHIN KELVIN- HELMHOLTZ (KH) VORTICES IN THE MAGNETOPAUSE BOUNDARY LAYER. WE PLAN TO ADDRESS THE FOLLOWING SCIENCE QUESTIONS: 1. WHAT ARE THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SMALL-SCALE WAVES OBSERVED IN KH VORTICES? 2. WHAT IS THE ORIGIN OF THE WAVES AND HOW DO THEY RELATE TO LARGE-SCALE VELOCITY DRIVEN MODES? 3. WHAT IS THEIR ROLE OF MIXING DIFFUSION AND HEATING OF IONS? METHODOLOGY: THE INVESTIGATION WILL INVOLVE EXTENSIVE THEORY AND SIMULATION ELEMENTS AS WELL AS THOROUGH ANALYSIS AND COMPARISON MAINLY WITH THEMIS AND CLUSTER SPACECRAFT DATA. WE WILL UTILIZE BOTH PRE-IDENTIFIED KH EVENTS AS WELL AS NEW EVENTS WITH 80-1500 KM SPACECRAFT SEPARATION CAPTURING THE TRANSITION FROM FLUID TO ION-SCALES. WE WILL ANALYZE THE WAVE SPECTRA TO DETERMINE THE WAVE MODES BASED ON THE DISPERSION RELATION USING A 2-SPACECRAFT TECHNIQUE E/B RATIO AND WAVE POLARIZATION. WE WILL PERFORM MULTISPECTRAL NONLINEAR ANALYSIS TO DETERMINE HOW THE WAVES ARE COUPLED TO THE KH STRUCTURES. BASED ON THE RESULTS OF MULTI-SPACECRAFT ANALYSIS WE WILL ALSO IDENTIFY SINGLE SPACECRAFT SIGNATURES SO THAT WE CAN ANALYZE EVENTS FROM A LARGE STATISTICAL DATABASE OF THEMIS KH OBSERVATIONS. THESE OBSERVATIONS WILL BE COMPARED WITH THEORY AND LOCAL HALL-MHD AND 3D HYBRID SIMULATIONS OF KHI THAT CAN DESCRIBE COUPLING TO KINETIC-SCALE WAVES SUCH AS KINETIC ALFVEN AND MAGNETOSONIC-WHISTLER WAVES. THEORY WILL BE USED TO EXAMINE STABILITY WAVE TRAPPING AND TRANSPORT. THE HYBRID CODE WILL BE USED TO EXAMINE NONLINEAR DEVELOPMENT TRANSPORT AND ION HEATING WITHIN THE KH VORTICES AS WELL AS THE GENERATION OF THE KINETIC PLASMA WAVE MODES WITHIN KH VORTEX STRUCTURES. ION DISTRIBUTION FUNCTIONS ARE EXAMINED IN THE SIMULATION AND IN THE DATA DURING ION-SCALE WAVE OBSERVATIONS AND IN THE VICINITY OF THE RECONNECTION REGIONS SO THAT THAT SOURCES OF FREE ENERGY FOR THE WAVE GENERATION ARE BETTER UNDERSTOOD. RELEVANCE TO NASA: THIS PROPOSAL BELONGS TO THE MAGNETOSPHERIC CATEGORY SCIENCE AREA 8: SOLAR WIND MAGNETOSPHERE COUPLING. PROPOSED STUDY HAS DIRECT RELEVANCE TO THE FOLLOWING DECADAL SURVEY GOALS: GOAL 2 ``DETERMINE THE DYNAMICS AND COUPLING OF EARTH'S MAGNETOSPHERE IONOSPHERE AND ATMOSPHERE AND THEIR RESPONSE TO SOLAR AND TERRESTRIAL INPUTS.'' THE PROPOSED STUDY IS DIRECTLY RELATED TO THE INTERACTION OF THE SOLAR WIND WITH EARTH'S MAGNETOSPHERE INVESTIGATING TRANSPORT PROCESSES AT THE MAGNETOPAUSE BOUNDARY. GOAL 4 ``DISCOVER AND CHARACTERIZE FUNDAMENTAL PROCESSES THAT OCCUR BOTH WITHIN THE HELIOSPHERE AND THROUGHOUT THE UNIVERSE.'' VELOCITY SHEARS ARE UBIQUITOUS THROUGHOUT THE HELIOSPHERE AND THE UNIVERSE AND PROVIDE AN INPUT OF ENERGY THAT CAN CASCADE TO SMALL SCALES WHERE NONADIABATIC PROCESSES SUCH AS HEATING AND TRANSPORT OCCUR.

IDENTIFYING COST-EFFECTIVE SECURITY BARRIER TECHNOLOGIES FOR K-12 SCHOOLS: AN INTERDISCIPLINARYEVALUATION

COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: OBSERVATIONS AND MODELING OF PRIMARY AND SECONDARY GRAVITY WAVES AT ALL ALTITUDES OVER THE ANDES -ATMOSPHERIC GRAVITY WAVES (GWS) ARE GENERATED WHEN AIR PARCELS GET DISTURBED AND OVERSHOOT THEIR EQUILIBRIUM POSITION CAUSING OSCILLATORY MOTIONS. THESE ARE OFTEN TRIGGERED BY THE TOPOGRAPHY, OR THUNDERSTORMS. GWS ARE ESSENTIAL FOR TRANSPORTING AND DISTRIBUTING ENERGY AND MOMENTUM THROUGHOUT THE ATMOSPHERE, INFLUENCING VARIOUS PROCESSES. AMONG THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF GWS, SECONDARY GRAVITY WAVES (SGW) (CAUSED BY UPPER-ALTITUDE WIND READJUSTMENTS AND TURBULENCE) ARE PARTICULARLY IMPORTANT. HOWEVER, THEIR GENERATION IS THE LEAST UNDERSTOOD ASPECT OF THIS PHENOMENON. THIS PROJECT PLANS TO INTEGRATE OBSERVATIONS (SATELLITE AS WELL AS GROUND-BASED) AND STATE-OF-THE-ART NUMERICAL MODELS TO IMPROVE THE UNDERSTANDING OF GRAVITY WAVES. THE EFFORT AIMS TO ADVANCE THE UNDERSTANDING OF (A) BOTH PRIMARY AND SECONDARY GRAVITY WAVES DYNAMICS, (B) TURBULENCE AND INSTABILITY PROCESSES THAT OCCUR IN THE ATMOSPHERE AND OTHER GEOPHYSICAL FLUIDS. THIS KNOWLEDGE CAN BE APPLIED TO IMPROVE WEATHER AND CLIMATE MODELS, RESULTING IN MORE ACCURATE PREDICTIONS THAT ARE BENEFICIAL FOR COMMERCIAL AVIATION. THIS PROJECT WILL CONTRIBUTE TO STEM EDUCATION PROVIDING SUPPORT TO A GRADUATE STUDENT, TWO POSTDOCTORAL RESEARCHERS AND AN EARLY CAREER SCIENTIST. THIS WORK IS JOINTLY FUNDED BY AERONOMY, PHYSICAL & DYNAMICAL METEOROLOGY PROGRAMS AND DIVISION OF ATMOSPHERIC AND GEOSPACE SCIENCES TO SUPPORT PROJECTS THAT INCREASE RESEARCH CAPABILITIES, CAPACITY AND INFRASTRUCTURE AT A WIDE VARIETY OF INSTITUTION TYPES, AS OUTLINED IN THE GEO EMBRACE DCL THE PROJECT AIMS TO ADDRESS COMPELLING SCIENCE QUESTIONS RELATED TO GW DYNAMICS BY USING NOVEL OBSERVATIONS AND MACHINE LEARNING METHODS. MULTI-INSTRUMENT DATA PLANNED TO BE USED IN THIS INVESTIGATION INCLUDE: 1) THE ATMOSPHERIC INFRARED SOUNDER ABOARD NASA'S AQUA SATELLITE FOR THE STRATOSPHERE, 2) THE NA LIDAR, MESOSPHERE TEMPERATURE MAPPER, AEROSPACE NIGHTGLOW IMAGER, AND METEOR RADAR AT THE ANDES LIDAR OBSERVATORY, AND 3) COMPARABLE INSTRUMENTS ON TIERRA DEL FUEGO. A NEW MACHINE LEARNING APPROACH ALONG WITH CONVENTIONAL WEATHER MODELS ARE PLANNED TO BE USED FOR THIS INVESTIGATION. THIS PROJECT WILL PROVIDE A QUANTITATIVE UNDERSTANDING OF THE (A) ROLES AND IMPORTANCE OF GW BREAKING IN SGW GENERATION, (B) INSTABILITY AND TURBULENCE DYNAMICS, AND (C) GW AND SGW FORCING OF THE MLT. THESE STUDIES WILL ALSO ADVANCE THE UNDERSTANDING OF SGW SOURCES AND THEIR CHARACTERISTICS. FINALLY, THE MACHINE LEARNING EFFORTS MAY OPEN A NEW WINDOW FOR IMPROVED PARAMETERIZATIONS OF PRIMARY AND SECONDARY GWS IN GLOBAL ATMOSPHERIC MODELS WHERE THE BULK OF GW EFFECTS CANNOT BE RESOLVED DIRECTLY. THIS AWARD REFLECTS NSF'S STATUTORY MISSION AND HAS BEEN DEEMED WORTHY OF SUPPORT THROUGH EVALUATION USING THE FOUNDATION'S INTELLECTUAL MERIT AND BROADER IMPACTS REVIEW CRITERIA.- SUBAWARDS ARE PLANNED FOR THIS AWARD.

DE-FE0031227 ''IMPROVING NOX ENTITLEMENT WITH AXIAL STAGING''

ERAU NASA IN-TIME SAFETY MANAGEMENT DATA DEVELOPMENT AND ANALYSIS

A FELLOWSHIP PROGRAM IN AEROSPACE ENGINEERING

ROLE OF SOLAR WIND FLUCTUATIONS ON SOLAR WIND- MAGNETOSPHERE - IONOSPHERE COUPLING PROCESSES AND MAGNETOTAIL ENERGETICS

THE SCIENCE OBJECTIVE OF THIS STUDY IS TO UNDERSTAND THE MESO-SCALE PLASMA TRANSPORT PROCESSES DRIVEN BY THE THREE-DIMENSIONAL (3- D) NONLINEAR INTERACTION BETWEEN KELVIN-HELMHOLTZ INSTABILITY (KHI) AND MAGNETIC RECONNECTION AT THE EARTH'S MAGNETOPAUSE. IT HAS BEEN WELL DEMONSTRATED THAT BOTH RECONNECTION AND KHI ALONE CAN PLAY THE CRITICAL ROLES TO THE SOLAR WIND-MAGNETOSPHERE COUPLING UNDER DIFFERENT INTERPLANETARY MAGNETIC FIELD (IMF) CONDITIONS. RECENTLY BOTH NUMERICAL SIMULATION AND IN-SITU OBSERVATIONAL STUDIES INDICATED THE FUNDAMENTAL IMPORTANCE OF THE NONLINEAR INTERACTION BETWEEN KHI AND RECONNECTION IN A 3-D CONFIGURATION IN ALL IMF ORIENTATIONS. HOWEVER THIS NONLINEAR INTERACTION HAS NOT BE FULLY UNDERSTAND DUE TO ITS INTRINSICALLY COMPLEX STRUCTURE. THUS A SYSTEMATIC APPROACH TO OUR SCIENCE OBJECTIVE IS ADDRESSING THE FOLLOWING THREE COMPELLING SCIENCE QUESTIONS BY SYNERGY BOTH NUMERICAL SIMULATION AND IN-SITU OBSERVATIONAL DATA.1. HOW EFFICIENTLY IS THE PLASMA TRANSPORTED BY THE 3-D NONLINEAR INTERACTION BETWEEN KHI AND RECONNECTION UNDER DIFFERENT IMF CONDITIONS? 2. HOW IS PLASMA NONADIABATICALLY HEATED DURING THE NONLINEAR INTERACTION IN DIFFERENT IMF CONDITIONS? 3. WHAT ARE THE ROBUST OBSERVATIONAL SIGNATURES OF THIS NONLINEAR INTERACTION IN DIFFERENT IMF CONDITIONS? THOSE QUESTIONS REQUIRE THE LOCAL PROCESSES (I.E. RECONNECTION AND KHI) TO BE FULLY RESOLVED WHICH IS A SIGNIFICANT CHALLENGE FOR GLOBAL SIMULATIONS. MEANWHILE THE NONADIABATICALLY HEATED PLASMA MUST FILL THE VOLUME WHOSE DIMENSION IS ON THE ORDER OF AN EARTH RADIUS. THIS INDICATES THAT THE SIMULATION DOMAIN MUST BE MUCH LARGER THAN THE ION INERTIAL LENGTH WHICH IS NOT SUITABLE FOR PARTICLE-IN-CELL SIMULATIONS. OUR MESOSCALE 3-D SIMULATION (MHD HALL MHD AND HYBRID SIMULATION) DOMAIN COVERS ABOUT 2 TO 6 EARTH RADII IN ALL DIRECTIONS WITH A BEST RESOLUTION OF 0.1 OF THE ION INERTIAL LENGTH WHICH ADEQUATELY MATCHES THE REQUIREMENT. THE RATES FOR THE TRANSPORT OF MASS MOMENTUM ENERGY AND MAGNETIC FLUX UNDER DIFFERENT IMF CONDITIONS WILL BE ESTIMATED BASED ON THOSE SIMULATION RESULTS. IT HAS BEEN DEMONSTRATED THAT THE STRONG NONADIABATIC HEATING OF PLASMA DURING ITS PENETRATION FROM THE MAGNETOSHEATH INTO THE MAGNETOSPHERE CANNOT BE EXPLAINED BY HEATING THROUGH MAGNETIC RECONNECTION ALONE. PLAUSIBLE NONADIABATIC HEATING MECHANISMS ASSOCIATED WITH THE KHI INCLUDE FOR EXAMPLE ENERGETIC MAGNETOSHEATH PARTICLES CAN BE TRAPPED IN THE MAGNETOSPHERE BY INTERMITTENT RECONNECTION FOR NORTHWARD IMF CONDITIONS. THIS PROCESS FILTERS HIGH ENERGY PARTICLES AND CAN INCREASE THE SPECIFIC ENTROPY OF THE NEWLY CAPTURED PLASMA IN THE MAGNETOSPHERE. THUS TEST PARTICLES IN THE FLUID SIMULATION RESULTS AND HYBRID SIMULATIONS WILL BE USED TO INVESTIGATE THE ASSOCIATED MESO-SCALE NONADIABATIC HEATING MECHANISMS DURING TRANSPORT. OUR THEORY/SIMULATION RESULTS WILL BE COMPARED WITH OBSERVATIONAL DATA. CO-I S. ERIKSSON HAVE ALREADY IDENTIFIED SEVERAL RECONNECTION EMBEDDED IN KHI EVENTS IN THEMIS AND MMS DATA.THE OBSERVED ION DISTRIBUTIONS CAN BE COMPARED WITH HYBRID SIMULATION RESULTS DIRECTLY OR THE RECONSTRUCTION OF PARTICLE DISTRIBUTIONS BASED ON LIOUVILLE'S THEORY BY REVERSE TRACING THE TEST PARTICLES IN THE FLUID SIMULATION. ALL NUMERICAL SIMULATION CODES AND DIAGNOSTIC TOOLS HAVE BEEN DEVELOPED AND HAVE BEEN APPLIED TO THE OTHER STUDIES. THE OBSERVATIONAL DATA FROM THEMIS CLUSTER AND MMS DATA ARE AVAILABLE FROM THE NASA S SPDF. THIS PROPOSAL BELONGS TO THE BROAD CATEGORIES: MAGNETOSPHERE AND SCIENCE AREAS: SOLAR WIND MAGNETOSPHERE COUPLING. THUS THE PROPOSAL IS BY DEFINITION RELEVANT TO SCIENCE GOALS FROM THE HELIOPHYSICS DECADAL SURVEY: DETERMINE THE DYNAMICS AND COUPLING OF EARTH S MAGNETOSPHERE IONOSPHERE AND ATMOSPHERE AND THEIR RESPONSE TO SOLAR AND TERRESTRIAL INPUTS.

STEM EASYUSV: MAKING USV TECHNOLOGY ACCESSIBLE FOR HIGH SCHOOL THROUGH GRADUATE STUDENTS

BRITE PIVOT: LEVERAGING LIGHT-MATTER INTERACTIONS TO CREATE NEW FUNCTIONAL SENSORS IN LOW-GRAVITY SPACE ENVIRONMENT -THIS BOOSTING RESEARCH IDEAS FOR TRANSFORMATIVE AND EQUITABLE ADVANCES IN ENGINEERING (BRITE) PIVOT GRANT SUPPORTS RESEARCH THAT CONTRIBUTES FUNDAMENTAL KNOWLEDGE ON MATERIAL BEHAVIOR WHEN MANUFACTURING IN A LOW-GRAVITY ENVIRONMENT. HARNESSING THE LOW-GRAVITY ENVIRONMENT TO CREATE AND PROCESS NEW MATERIAL SYSTEMS WITH EXTRAORDINARY PROPERTIES HAS NEVER BEEN MORE PROMISING THAN IT IS NOW WITH RAPIDLY INCREASING OPPORTUNITIES FOR LONG TERM ACCESS TO SPACE. THE PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING CERAMIC NANOCOMPOSITES IN SPACE INVOLVES VASTLY DIFFERENT THERMAL AND TRANSPORT PHENOMENA AND CONSEQUENT MATERIAL PROPERTIES THAT ARE NOT YET WELL-UNDERSTOOD. DURING THE MANUFACTURING PROCESS, THE CERAMIC NANOPARTICLES EMIT SPECTRAL SIGNATURES WHICH ARE INTERROGATED THROUGH LIGHT-MATTER INTERACTIONS TO ELUCIDATE THE COMPOSITE?S FUNDAMENTAL PHYSICAL PROPERTIES. THE OUTCOMES UNLEASH NEW MEASUREMENT CAPABILITIES THAT LEAD TO BETTER MANUFACTURED MATERIALS AND THE ABILITY TO CREATE PREVIOUSLY UNEXPLORED FUNCTIONAL SENSORS. THESE SENSORS CAN BE USED TO MONITOR PARAMETERS SUCH AS TEMPERATURE, STRUCTURAL HEALTH, GAS EMISSIONS, AND OTHERS FOR APPLICATIONS ON EARTH AND IN SPACE. THIS PROJECT CONTRIBUTES TO ADVANCING SENSING AND MEASUREMENT TECHNOLOGY FOR REAL-TIME HEALTH MONITORING OF VARIOUS EARTH- AND SPACE-BASED SYSTEMS WHICH BENEFITS THE U.S. ECONOMY. BROADER PARTICIPATION OF WOMEN AND UNDERREPRESENTED MINORITY STUDENTS IS ACHIEVED THROUGH OUTREACH TO BRING THE EXCITEMENT OF MANUFACTURING IN SPACE TO K-12 STUDENTS AND EXPAND ACCESS TO STEM EDUCATION. MANUFACTURING IN A LOW-GRAVITY ENVIRONMENT OFFERS A MEANS FOR ACHIEVING MATERIAL WITH QUALITIES NOT ACHIEVABLE ON EARTH. HOWEVER, THERE IS A LACK OF KNOWLEDGE SURROUNDING THE EXACT PHYSICAL PHENOMENA, INCLUDING GREATLY REDUCED BUOYANCY-DRIVEN CONVECTION AND SURFACE-TENSION DRIVEN CONVECTION, THAT LEADS TO UNIQUE PROPERTIES OF PARTICULATE COMPOSITES MANUFACTURED IN A LOW-GRAVITY ENVIRONMENT. LIMITED STUDIES ON IN-SPACE MANUFACTURING OF NANOCOMPOSITES HAVE SHOWN ENHANCED PARTICLE DISPERSION YIELDING HOMOGENEITY WITH SOME REVEALING BETTER TENSILE PROPERTIES BUT REDUCED FLEXURAL CAPABILITY. THIS RESEARCH AIMS TO LEVERAGE LIGHT-MATTER INTERACTIONS TO REVEAL THE EFFECTS OF MICROGRAVITY ON THE PROCESSING OF NANOCOMPOSITES WHILE TAILORING MECHANICAL AND FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES IN THESE MATERIALS. WITH A FOCUS ON MANUFACTURING OF CERAMIC, LUNAR AND PLANETARY REGOLITH NANOPARTICLES IN POLYMER MATRICES, THIS RESEARCH LEADS WITH THE INVESTIGATION OF POLYMER-PARTICLE INTERACTIONS, MEASURING CHANGES IN INTRINSIC SPECTRAL EMISSION PROPERTIES UNDER ACOUSTIC LEVITATION AND IN LOW GRAVITY PARABOLIC FLIGHTS. THE RESULTS SHED LIGHT ON THE IMPACT OF PHYSICAL MECHANISMS IN MICROGRAVITY THAT LEAD TO VARIATIONS IN PARTICLE-MATRIX BONDING AND DISPERSION WITH DIFFERENT POLYMER VISCOSITY AND CURING PROFILES. THIS UNDERSTANDING IS UTILIZED IN TAILORING MICROGRAVITY-ASSISTED MANUFACTURE OF FUNCTIONAL SENSORS BY DIRECT INK WRITING. THE PROJECT ESTABLISHES RELATIONSHIPS OF SPECTRAL SHIFTS WITH STRESS AND DAMAGE AND INTENSITY DECAYS OF LUMINESCENT DOPANTS TO CHANGES IN TEMPERATURE AND GAS ENVIRONMENTS. THIS AWARD REFLECTS NSF'S STATUTORY MISSION AND HAS BEEN DEEMED WORTHY OF SUPPORT THROUGH EVALUATION USING THE FOUNDATION'S INTELLECTUAL MERIT AND BROADER IMPACTS REVIEW CRITERIA.- SUBAWARDS ARE NOT PLANNED FOR THIS AWARD.

ASSISTANCE TO FIREFIGHTERS GRANT

PREPARING UNDERREPRESENTED NSF-STEM SCHOLARS FOR CAREERS IN SPACE PHYSICS

MAKING DISADVANTAGED ENGINEERING GRADUATES A REALITY

CAREER: A MULTISCALE COMPUTATIONAL AND EXPERIMENTAL FRAMEWORK TO ELUCIDATE THE BIOMECHANICS OF INFANT GROWTH -MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS AND DISEASES ARE THE LEADING CAUSE OF DISABILITY IN THE UNITED STATES AND ACCOUNT FOR MORE THAN ONE-HALF OF ALL CHRONIC CONDITIONS IN PEOPLE OVER 50 YEARS OF AGE IN DEVELOPED COUNTRIES. THIS FACULTY EARLY CAREER DEVELOPMENT (CAREER) AWARD SUPPORTS RESEARCH TO BUILD A BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF THESE DISORDERS AND DISEASES, THROUGH THE DEVELOPMENT OF A NOVEL FRAMEWORK TO EVALUATE GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE HIP JOINT IN INFANTS. THE OUTCOME OF THE STUDY WILL BE TO IDENTIFY MAJOR FACTORS THAT DRIVE AND REGULATE GROWTH EARLY IN LIFE THAT MAY HAVE LONG-TERM BENEFITS FOR PREVENTION OF EARLY ARTHRITIS. THIS PROJECT WILL ADDRESS A WIDE CLASS OF PROBLEMS INVOLVING MECHANICS, COMPUTATIONAL MORPHOMETRICS, MOVEMENT SCIENCE, AND MECHANOBIOLOGY. THE RESEARCH IS INTEGRATED WITH AN EDUCATIONAL PLAN TO EXPOSE HIGH SCHOOL, UNDERGRADUATE, AND GRADUATE STUDENTS TO NOVEL JOINT GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT CONCEPTS USING HANDS-ON ACTIVITIES, 3D PRINTING, AND 3D VISUALIZATIONS. THESE ACTIVITIES WILL ENCOURAGE HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS, INCLUDING FEMALES AND UNDERREPRESENTED MINORITIES, TO PURSUE STEM CAREERS AND WILL HELP EDUCATE THE NEXT GENERATION OF ENGINEERS. THIS STUDY AIMS TO REDUCE THE PHYSICAL, SOCIAL, AND ECONOMIC BURDEN FOR CHILDREN AFFECTED BY DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS BY INCREASING AWARENESS AMONG THE PUBLIC, AND IMPROVING TREATMENTS FOR BETTER OUTCOMES. IN THIS CAREER PROJECT, THE PI WILL USE EXPERIMENTAL MOTION CAPTURE DATA, FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS, STATISTICAL SHAPE MODELING, AND MULTI-SCALE MUSCULOSKELETAL MECHANOBIOLOGICAL MODELING TO DEVELOP A FRAMEWORK THAT PROVIDES NON-INVASIVE APPROACHES TO EXAMINE THE DYNAMICS OF HUMAN MOVEMENTS. INFANT?S SPONTANEOUS MOVEMENTS GENERATE FORCES THAT ARE CONSTANTLY ACTING ON THE JOINTS, WHICH CAN AFFECT THE MORPHOLOGY AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE SOFT BONE. USING COMBINED EXPERIMENTAL AND COMPUTATIONAL TOOLS, THIS RESEARCH WILL PREDICT THE COMPLEX ADAPTATION OF THE JOINT TO BIOMECHANICAL FACTORS, THUS PROVIDING A BASIS FOR IMPROVED PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS. SPECIFIC TASKS INCLUDE ESTABLISHING A LOWER LIMB ATLAS OF INFANT MORPHOLOGY USING STATISTICAL SHAPE MODELING, USING PEDIATRIC MOVEMENT SCIENCE TO QUANTIFY PHYSIOLOGICAL JOINT FORCES AND MOMENTS, AND APPLYING SENSITIVITY AND UNCERTAINTY ANALYSES TO SYSTEMATICALLY EVALUATE HOW INPUTS TO THIS FRAMEWORK AFFECT PREDICTIONS OF GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT. RESULTS FROM THE RESEARCH WILL: (1) PROVIDE EXPERIMENTAL DATA AND COMPUTATIONAL MODELS THAT CAN SERVE AS THE BASIS FOR DEVELOPING INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS FOR INFANT DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS; (2) DEVELOP INNOVATIVE TOOLS TO AID CLINICIANS, PEDIATRICIANS, AND PHYSICAL THERAPISTS WHEN MANAGING JOINT DISORDERS; (3) IDENTIFY MAJOR FACTORS THAT QUANTIFY MORPHOGENESIS EARLY IN LIFE THAT MAY HAVE LONG-TERM BENEFITS FOR PREVENTION OF EARLY ARTHRITIS. THIS AWARD REFLECTS NSF'S STATUTORY MISSION AND HAS BEEN DEEMED WORTHY OF SUPPORT THROUGH EVALUATION USING THE FOUNDATION'S INTELLECTUAL MERIT AND BROADER IMPACTS REVIEW CRITERIA.

S-STEM: ENCOURAGING STUDENTS TO PURSUE AN ENGINEERING EDUCATION AND CAREER

TIME RESOLVED PIV SYSTEM FOR HIGH RESOLUTION FLOW MEASUREMENTS

CAREER: ADDITIVELY MANUFACTURED 3D RECONFIGURABLE ANTENNAS

COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: RESOLVING PHYSICAL CONDITIONS OF DIFFUSE IONIZED GAS THROUGHOUT THE MILKY WAY-MAGELLANIC SYSTEM

COOPERATIVE AGREEMENT

CAREER: DATA-DRIVEN MULTISCALE MODELING OF COMPLEX TRAFFIC SYSTEMS UTILIZING NETWORKED DRIVING SIMULATORS -THIS FACULTY EARLY CAREER DEVELOPMENT (CAREER) AWARD SUPPORTS RESEARCH THAT WILL INVESTIGATE HUMAN DRIVING BEHAVIOR AND INTERACTIONS AMONG TRAFFIC PARTICIPANTS, WITH THE AIM OF EMPOWERING TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCES IN AUTONOMOUS AND CONNECTED VEHICLES. UNDERSTANDING HUMAN DRIVING BEHAVIOR IS VITAL FOR ENGINEERING CONNECTED AND AUTONOMOUS VEHICLES THAT SAFELY SHARE ROADS WITH HUMANS. THIS AWARD SUPPORTS FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH ABOUT HUMAN DRIVING BEHAVIOR, INCLUDING THEIR PHYSIOLOGICAL AND COGNITIVE ENGAGEMENT WITH OTHER DRIVERS AND THE ENVIRONMENT. TO ENSURE A SAFE AND COST-EFFECTIVE APPROACH, THE PROJECT WILL UTILIZE AN IMMERSIVE VIRTUAL REALITY DRIVING SIMULATOR. CONTROLLED AND REPEATABLE EXPERIMENTS WILL BE CONDUCTED IN THIS ENVIRONMENT BY SYSTEMATICALLY EXPOSING DRIVERS TO A VARIETY OF TRAFFIC SCENARIOS. THE PROJECT WILL INTEGRATE EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES THAT INTRODUCE STUDENTS, INCLUDING STUDENTS FROM UNDERREPRESENTED GROUPS, TO STEM TOPICS, AS WELL AS OUTREACH ACTIVITIES TO RAISE AWARENESS OF THE GENERAL PUBLIC TO TRAFFIC SAFETY, SECONDARY CRASHES, AND IMPAIRED DRIVING. THIS CAREER PROJECT WILL STUDY MULTISCALE TRAFFIC INTERACTIONS, AT THE VEHICLE, DRIVER, AND COGNITIVE LEVELS. USING BRAIN SCANS FOR MULTIPLE INTERACTING PARTICIPANTS, THIS PROJECT WILL INVESTIGATE WHETHER BRAIN COUPLING CHARACTERISTICS EMERGE AMONG DRIVERS AT THE GROUP LEVEL, AND HOW COGNITIVE LEVEL ENGAGEMENT RELATES TO OTHER DRIVING BEHAVIORS. THE RESEARCH FINDINGS HAVE POTENTIALLY TRANSFORMATIVE IMPLICATIONS FOR COGNITIVE AND BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCEMENT IN DRIVER ASSISTANCE SYSTEMS. THE PROJECT WILL GENERATE RICH MULTISCALE DATASETS, IDENTIFY EXPERIMENTALLY-INFORMED MODELING PARAMETERS, AND DISCOVER EXPERIMENTALLY-VALIDATED TRAFFIC MODELS. THIS AWARD REFLECTS NSF'S STATUTORY MISSION AND HAS BEEN DEEMED WORTHY OF SUPPORT THROUGH EVALUATION USING THE FOUNDATION'S INTELLECTUAL MERIT AND BROADER IMPACTS REVIEW CRITERIA.

COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: DASI TRACK 2--A DISTRIBUTED METEOR RADAR AND OPTICAL NETWORK IN SOUTH AMERICA -THIS PROJECT WILL ESTABLISH A DISTRIBUTED NETWORK OF METEOR RADARS AND OPTICAL INSTRUMENTS IN THE MID-LATITUDES OF SOUTH AMERICA, PROVIDING CONTINUOUS MEASUREMENTS OF UPPER ATMOSPHERIC WINDS AND NIGHTTIME WAVE PERTURBATIONS IN THE MESOSPHERE AND THERMOSPHERE. THIS NETWORK WILL BE ABLE TO MAKE MULTI-POINT OBSERVATIONS TO RESOLVE DETAILED FOUR-DIMENSIONAL (SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL) STRUCTURES OF SMALL-SCALE (TENS TO HUNDREDS KM) WAVES. THESE SMALL-SCALE WAVES ARE KNOWN TO BE A KEY PLAYER IN DRIVING VARIABILITIES AT ALL SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL SCALES IN THIS REGION AND THIS NETWORK WILL PROVIDE A MUCH-NEEDED DATASET FOR INVESTIGATIONS OF THESE WAVES AND THEIR IMPACTS. THE PROJECT WILL PROVIDE OPPORTUNITIES TO A POSTDOCTORAL RESEARCHER AND PH.D. STUDENTS TO GAIN REAL WORLD EXPERIENCE IN WORKING AT REMOTE AREAS TO CONDUCT ENGINEERING AND RESEARCH WORK. THE PROJECT WILL ALSO PROMOTE STRONG INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATION WITH SCIENTISTS FROM THE UNITED STATES, GERMANY, CHILE, AND ARGENTINA, AND WILL STRENGTHEN THE GROUND-BASED NETWORK OF INSTRUMENTS FOR GEOSPACE OBSERVATIONS IN SOUTH AMERICA. THIS NETWORK WILL BE BUILT UPON TWO NSF-FUNDED PROJECTS TO FULLY LEVERAGE THE EXISTING INFRASTRUCTURE AND EXPERTISE THAT ARE ALREADY DEVELOPED THROUGH NSF?S INVESTMENTS: A MAJOR RESEARCH INSTRUMENTATION PROJECT THAT SUPPORTED THE DEPLOYMENT OF A MULTI-STATIC METEOR RADAR (MR) SYSTEM IN NORTHERN CHILE; AND AN NSF DISTRIBUTED ARRAY OF SMALL INSTRUMENTS PROJECT MANGO (MIDLATITUDE ALLSKY-IMAGING NETWORK FOR GEOSPACE OBSERVATIONS) THAT ESTABLISHED A NETWORK ACROSS THE CONTINENTAL UNITED STATES WITH MULTIPLE ALL-SKY IMAGERS AND FABRY-PEROT INTERFEROMETERS (FPIS). THIS PROJECT WILL EXPAND THE MR SYSTEM BY ADDING TWO ADDITIONAL RECEIVER STATIONS, ESTABLISH AN OPTICAL NETWORK WITH AIRGLOW IMAGERS AND AN FPI AND A DATA INFRASTRUCTURE TO PROMPTLY RETRIEVE AND SHARE ALL DATA PRODUCTS, BASED ON INSTRUMENTS AND SOFTWARE DEVELOPED IN MANGO. THIS AWARD REFLECTS NSF'S STATUTORY MISSION AND HAS BEEN DEEMED WORTHY OF SUPPORT THROUGH EVALUATION USING THE FOUNDATION'S INTELLECTUAL MERIT AND BROADER IMPACTS REVIEW CRITERIA.- SUBAWARDS ARE NOT PLANNED FOR THIS AWARD.

IMPACT OF RESPIRATORY MUSCLE TRAINING AND NITRATE THERAPY ON EXERCISE TOLERANCE IN HYPOXIA - PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT THE PROPOSED PROJECT INVESTIGATES THE COMBINED EFFECTS OF RESPIRATORY MUSCLE TRAINING (RMT) AND DIETARY NITRATE SUPPLEMENTATION ON EXERCISE PERFORMANCE AT SEA LEVEL AND UNDER CONDITIONS OF SIMULATED MODERATE ALTITUDE. RECOGNIZING THE INCREASED WORKLOAD ON RESPIRATORY MUSCLES IN VARIOUS PATIENT POPULATIONS, WHICH IS SIMULATED BY HIGH-ALTITUDE ASCENT, AND THE RESULTING DIVERSION OF BLOOD FLOW FROM LOCOMOTOR MUSCLES TO THE DIAPHRAGM, THIS STUDY AIMS TO ADDRESS THE SUBSEQUENT REDUCTION IN OXYGEN AVAILABILITY FOR LOCOMOTION, LEADING TO IMPAIRED EXERCISE TOLERANCE. THE STUDY WILL FOCUS ON YOUNG, HEALTHY ADULTS TO EXPLORE HOW RMT AND NITRATE SUPPLEMENTATION CAN IMPROVE MUSCLE OXYGENATION, VASCULAR FUNCTION, AND EXERCISE TOLERANCE. THIS APPROACH IS DRIVEN BY THE NEED TO DEVELOP EFFECTIVE INTERVENTIONS THAT CAN ULTIMATELY ENHANCE PHYSICAL CAPACITY IN VARIOUS POPULATIONS, INCLUDING CRITICALLY ILL PATIENTS RECOVERING FROM MECHANICAL VENTILATION AND INDIVIDUALS AT RISK OF ACUTE MOUNTAIN SICKNESS (AMS) DURING HIGH-ALTITUDE EXPOSURE. AIM 1 WILL ASSESS THE IMPACT OF FIVE WEEKS OF RMT ON MUSCLE TISSUE OXYGENATION AND EXERCISE PERFORMANCE AT SEA LEVEL AND SIMULATED MODERATE ALTITUDE (~4000 METERS) IN YOUNG ADULTS. AIM 2 WILL EXAMINE THE EFFECTS OF FIVE WEEKS OF DIETARY NITRATE SUPPLEMENTATION ALONE AND COMBINED WITH RMT ON VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL FUNCTION AND EXERCISE PERFORMANCE UNDER SIMILAR CONDITIONS. THIS RESEARCH WILL HEAVILY INVOLVE UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS, PROVIDING THEM WITH VALUABLE HANDS-ON EXPERIENCE IN ADVANCED CLINICAL RESEARCH TECHNIQUES. THE FINDINGS ARE EXPECTED TO PAVE THE WAY FOR FUTURE INTERVENTIONS TO ENHANCE PHYSICAL CAPACITY IN ICU PATIENTS, REDUCE THE INCIDENCE OF AMS IN HIGH-ALTITUDE ENVIRONMENTS, AND IMPROVE EXERCISE PERFORMANCE IN VARIOUS POPULATIONS. THIS WORK WILL SIGNIFICANTLY IMPACT PATIENT POPULATIONS BY LAYING THE GROUNDWORK FOR LARGER-SCALE RESEARCH PROJECTS INVESTIGATING THE EFFICACY OF RMT AND NITRATE-BASED THERAPIES IN PATIENT POPULATIONS, INCLUDING THOSE WITH CHRONIC RESPIRATORY AND CARDIOVASCULAR CONDITIONS. ULTIMATELY, THIS PROJECT AIMS TO DEVELOP NON-INVASIVE THERAPIES TO IMPROVE HEALTH OUTCOMES RELATED TO RESPIRATORY MUSCLE FUNCTION AND EXERCISE TOLERANCE, THEREBY ADVANCING HEALTH SCIENCE AND PATIENT CARE.

MRI: ACQUISITION OF A PHOTONIC NANOFABRICATION SYSTEM

THE KEY OBJECTIVE OF THIS STUDY IS TO BETTER UNDERSTAND THE SOURCE AND CAUSE OF HIGH-ENERGY ELECTRONS OBSERVED BY THE MMS IN THE DAYSIDE MAGNETOSHEATH. THE MAGNETOSPHERIC MULTI-SCALE (MMS) MISSION IS A FOUR-SPACECRAFT CONSTELLATION ORBITING IN FORMATION AROUND EARTH WITH A MAIN GOAL TO STUDY THE MICROPHYSICS OF MAGNETIC RECONNECTION AT THE DAYSIDE MAGNETOPAUSE. RECENT MMS OBSERVATIONS SHOWED HIGH ENERGY (40 KEV) ELECTRONS LEAKING INTO THE MAGNETOSHEATH (COHEN ET AL. JGR 2017). HOWEVER THE DOMINANT LEAKING MECHANISM HAS NOT BEEN FULLY UNDERSTOOD. GLOBAL LYON-FEDDER-MOBARRY (LFM) WITH TEST PARTICLE SIMULATIONS SUGGEST THAT LOW LATITUDE RECONNECTION AND THE NONLINEAR KELVIN-HELMHOLTZ (KH) INSTABILITY CAN CAUSE THE LEAK OF HIGH ENERGY ELECTRONS INTO THE MAGNETOSHEATH. BUT IT IS IMPORTANT TO NOTICE THAT MANY OF THE ELECTRONS LEAKING EVENTS WERE OBSERVED CLOSE TO FALL EQUINOX WHEN THE MMS ORBIT HAS A SIGNIFICANT Y-COMPONENT AND THE Z_GSM COORDINATE CAN BE SUBSTANTIAL (UP TO ~7 R_E). THEREFORE MMS HIGHENERGY ELECTRON EVENTS MAY HAVE A HIGH-LATITUDE SOURCE. FOR INSTANCE IT IS WELL DEMONSTRATED THAT MAGNETIC RECONNECTION BETWEEN THE INTERPLANETARY MAGNETIC FIELD (IMF) AND EARTH'S MAGNETIC FIELD SURROUNDING THE CUSPS CAN LEAD TO THE FORMATION OF CUSP DIAMAGNETIC CAVITIES (NYKYRI ET AL. JGR 2011A B; ADAMSON ET AL. ANGEO 2011) EXTENDED REGIONS OF DECREASED MAGNETIC FIELD WHICH CAN BE FILLED WITH HIGHER ENERGY (>30 KEV) ELECTRONS PROTONS AND O+ IONS. CLUSTER OBSERVATIONS REVEALED 90-DEGREE PITCH ANGLE ELECTRONS IN THE CAVITY STRONGLY SUGGESTIVE OF A LOCAL ACCELERATION MECHANISM (WALSH ANGEO 2010; NYKYRI ET AL JASTP 2012). TEST PARTICLE SIMULATIONS IN A HIGH-RESOLUTION 3D CUSP MODEL UNCOVERED THAT TRAPPED PARTICLES IN THE DIAMAGNETIC CAVITIES CAN BE ACCELERATED WHEN THEIR DRIFT PATHS GO THROUGH REGIONS OF "RECONNECTION QUASI-POTENTIAL" (NYKYRI ET AL JASTP 2012). ONCE THE IMF ORIENTATION CHANGES IT IS POSSIBLE FOR TRAPPED PARTICLES IN THE CAVITY TO END UP INTO THE LOSS CONE AND "LEAK OUT" OF THE CAVITY. A SYSTEMATIC APPROACH TO OUR SCIENCE OBJECTIVE ADDRESSES THE FOLLOWING COMPELLING SCIENCE QUESTIONS BY SYNERGY USING MMS OBSERVATIONAL DATA AND NUMERICAL SIMULATION. GOALS 1. WHAT IS THE DOMINANT ORIGIN OF HIGH ENERGY ELECTRONS OBSERVED IN MAGNETOSHEATH BY THE MMS? 2. HOW EFFICIENT IS THE LOCAL ELECTRON ACCELERATION IN DIAMAGNETIC CAVITIES UNDER DIFFERENT IMF/SW CONDITIONS? 3. HOW EFFICIENT IS THE LOCAL ELECTRON ACCELERATION IN LOW-LATITUDE RECONNECTION AND NONLINEAR KH INSTABILITY UNDER DIFFERENT IMF/SW CONDITIONS? METHODOLOGY OUR METHODOLOGY CONSISTS OF MMS DATA ANALYSIS AS WELL AS GLOBAL AND LOCAL MHD SIMULATIONS WITH TEST PARTICLES: 1. GENERATION OF LFM GLOBAL SIMULATIONS OF SELECT MMS HIGH-ENERGY ELECTRON EVENTS CLOSE TO FALL EQUINOX WHEN MMS ORBIT PASSES CLOSE TO DIAMAGNETIC CAVITIES. TEST PARTICLES WILL BE PLACED IN LFM SIMULATIONS TO STUDY THE POSSIBLE LEAKAGE DUE TO KH-INSTABILITY AND RECONNECTION CLOSE TO DIAMAGNETIC CAVITIES. 2. GENERATION OF HIGH-RESOLUTION LOCAL 3D CUSP SIMULATIONS WITH TEST PARTICLES THAT ARE GENERATED USING LFM PLASMA AND FIELD PROFILES AS AN INPUT. 3. HOW EFFICIENT IS THE LOCAL ELECTRON ACCELERATION IN LOW-LATITUDE RECONNECTION AND NONLINEAR KH INSTABILITY UNDER DIFFERENT IMF/SW CONDITIONS? DATA MMS OBSERVATIONAL DATA ARE AVAILABLE FROM NASA'S SPACE PHYSICS DATA FACILITY (SPDF). WE HAVE EXPERIENCE USING SPACE PHYSICS ENVIRONMENT DATA ANALYSIS SOFTWARE (SPEDAS) FOR MMS DATA ANALYSIS. ALL NUMERICAL SIMULATION CODES AND DIAGNOSTIC TOOLS HAVE BEEN DEVELOPED AND HAVE BEEN APPLIED TO OTHER STUDIES. RELEVANCE THIS PROPOSAL IS TARGETED AT THE DECADAL SURVEY KEY SCIENCE GOAL: "DETERMINE THE DYNAMICS AND COUPLING OF EARTH'S MAGNETOSPHERE [...] AND THEIR RESPONSE TO SOLAR AND TERRESTRIAL INPUTS." IT ALSO SUPPORTS THE SCIENCE PLAN FOR NASA'S SCIENCE MISSION DIRECTORATE (2007-2016)'S OBJECTIVE TO "UNDERSTAND THE PLASMA PROCESSES THAT ACCELERATE AND TRANSPORT PARTICLES" (SECTION 6.2.1).

GOAL: PLASMA RADIAL TRANSPORT IN SATURN S MAGNETOSPHERE IS A FUNDAMENTAL PROCESS THAT IS STILL POORLY UNDERSTOOD DESPITE DECADES OF THEORETICAL OBSERVATIONAL AND MODELING STUDIES. THE STEADY-STATE CONFIGURATION OF THE INNER MAGNETOSPHERE REQUIRES

JOINT INCOHERENT SCATTER RADAR AND ELECTRO-OPTICAL REMOTE-SENSING OF THE EFFECTS OF AURORAS AS WELL AS PLANETARY, TIDAL AND GRAVITY WAVES IN THE POLA

NSF-SNSF: INTERACTIONS OF GRAVITY WAVES AND TIDES IN THE MESOSPHERE AND LOWER THERMOSPHERE -THIS PROJECT INVESTIGATES THE COMPLEX WEATHER OF THE UPPER ATMOSPHERE, SPECIFICALLY IN THE REGION ABOVE 80 KM. THIS IS REFERRED TO AS MESOSPHERE, AND LOWER THERMOSPHERE, AND IONOSPHERE (MLTI). WHILE OFTEN INVISIBLE TO THE NAKED EYE, THE MLTI ENCOMPASSES A TURBULENT REGION WHERE LARGE-SCALE ATMOSPHERIC TIDES AND SMALLER-SCALE GRAVITY WAVES?RIPPLES OF ENERGY THAT ORIGINATE IN THE LOWER ATMOSPHERE. UNDERSTANDING HOW THESE WAVES AND TIDES INTERACT IS ESSENTIAL, AS THESE DYNAMICS DIRECTLY INFLUENCE THE SPACE WEATHER ENVIRONMENT. SPACE WEATHER CAN DISRUPT SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS, GPS ACCURACY, AND POWER GRID STABILITY, ALL OF WHICH ARE VITAL TO THE NATION'S PROSPERITY AND DEFENSE. THE PROJECT ALSO PROMOTES THE INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC COLLABORATION WITH SWITZERLAND AND CHILE AND CONTRIBUTES TO THE TRAINING THE NEXT GENERATION OF SCIENTISTS. THE PRIMARY GOAL OF THIS RESEARCH IS TO QUANTIFY THE DYNAMICAL INTERACTIONS BETWEEN GRAVITY WAVES (GWS) AND ATMOSPHERIC TIDES WITHIN THE MLTI REGION. THE PROJECT WILL ADDRESS FOUR SCIENCE TOPICS: (I) HOW TIDES INFLUENCE GW PROPAGATION, FILTERING, AND DISSIPATION; (II) THE MECHANISMS BY WHICH GWS MODULATE THE AMPLITUDE AND PHASE OF DIURNAL TIDES; (III) THE FEEDBACK LOOPS BETWEEN GW-TIDE INTERACTIONS AND MEAN ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION; (IV) THE IMPACT OF REGIONAL AND SEASONAL WAVE SOURCE VARIATIONS ON WAVE-TIDE COUPLING. THE PROJECT UTILIZES BOTH STATE-OF-THE-ART HIGH-RESOLUTION MODELING AND ADVANCED OBSERVATIONAL DATA. THE MODEL IS UNIQUELY CAPABLE OF RESOLVING GW BREAKING AND ASSIMILATING REALISTIC TIDAL BACKGROUNDS TO SIMULATE NONLINEAR INTERACTIONS. THE OBSERVATIONAL DATA UTILIZES A MULTI-STATIC METEOR RADAR SYSTEM IN THE ANDES, WHICH WILL PROVIDE CONTINUOUS, HIGH-RESOLUTION WIND MEASUREMENTS. THESE CAN RESOLVE BOTH HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL STRUCTURES OF ALL THREE WIND VECTOR COMPONENTS. THIS SYSTEM WILL ALSO BE UPGRADED WITH ORBITAL CAPABILITIES TO ACHIEVE HOURLY TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENTS. THE OBSERVATIONAL DATA WILL BE USED TO PROVIDE REALISTIC BACKGROUND FOR PERFORMING SIMULATION, WHILE MODEL SIMULATIONS WILL BE USED TO VALIDATE WIND RETRIEVALS WITH ADVANCED TOMOGRAPHIC TECHNIQUE. THIS WORK IS A COMBINATION OF ADVANCED OBSERVATION, MODELING, AND INSTRUMENTATION, THAT WILL FILL A CRITICAL GAP IN OUR UNDERSTANDING OF HOW SMALL-SCALE INSTABILITIES SHAPE THE GLOBAL ENERGY TRANSFERS THAT DRIVE IONOSPHERIC AND SPACE WEATHER VARIABILITY. THIS AWARD WAS MADE POSSIBLE THROUGH THE U.S.NSF/SNSF (SWISS NSF) LEAD AGENCY OPPORTUNITY. THIS AWARD REFLECTS NSF'S STATUTORY MISSION AND HAS BEEN DEEMED WORTHY OF SUPPORT THROUGH EVALUATION USING THE FOUNDATION'S INTELLECTUAL MERIT AND BROADER IMPACTS REVIEW CRITERIA.- SUBAWARDS ARE NOT PLANNED FOR THIS AWARD.

CAREER: MULTISCALE OPTIMIZATION OF ADDITIVELY MANUFACTURABLE SPATIALLY VARYING CELLULAR MICROSTRUCTURES

FMSG: CYBER: PERCEPTUAL AND COGNITIVE ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING (PCAM) -THIS GRANT SUPPORTS FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH ON A RADICAL TRANSFORMATION OF ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING THROUGH DIGITALLY CONNECTING MACHINES, HUMANS, AND MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS. ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING HAS ENABLED A NEW PARADIGM SHIFT FROM CONVENTIONAL DESIGN FOR MANUFACTURING APPROACHES INTO MANUFACTURING FOR DESIGN. A FUNDAMENTAL CHANGE IN ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING IS NECESSARY AS WE ENTER A NEW ERA OF INTELLIGENT FUTURE MANUFACTURING BEYOND ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING. A PROMISING SOLUTION IS THE CONVERGENCE OF WIRELESS EMBEDDED SENSORS WITH ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) AND MACHINE LEARNING (ML) DATA PROCESSES, WHICH CAN TRANSFORM THE WAY PEOPLE INTERACT WITH MANUFACTURING PROCESSES, FACTORY OPERATIONS, OPTIMIZING EFFICIENCY, AND ANOMALY SYSTEM DETECTION THAT COULD PROVIDE CRITICAL INFORMATION ABOUT EVALUATED COMPONENTS AND SYSTEMS. THIS PROJECT OPENS A NEW TRANSITIONAL DOOR TO PERCEPTIVE AND COGNITIVE ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, ENABLING TRUE INTERNET OF THINGS AND DIGITAL TWIN, CONNECTING DEVICES AND MACHINES IN FACTORIES WITH ROBOTS, COMPUTERS, AND HUMANS, AND EVERY PRODUCT WE MANUFACTURE IN FACTORIES. THE GRANT WILL ALSO SUPPORT EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES TO UPSKILL THE MANUFACTURING WORKFORCE, K-12, UNDERGRADUATE AND GRADUATE STUDENTS, AND THE PUBLIC, SIGNIFICANTLY INFLUENCING DIVERSE POPULATIONS OF ALL AGES AND BACKGROUNDS. TRANSFORMATION TO CYBER-PHYSICAL PRODUCTION MANUFACTURING DEMANDS ADVANCED PROCESS MONITORING THROUGH DISTRIBUTED SENSING BEYOND THE CURRENT STATE OF DIGITALLY CONNECTED MACHINES AND ROBOTS COLLABORATING WITH HUMANS. THIS PROJECT SEEKS TO ENABLE UNPRECEDENTED WIRELESS FINGERPRINTING AND SENSING OF ADDITIVELY MANUFACTURED PARTS BY EMBEDDING WIRELESS SENSORS AND PERFORMING PREDICTIVE ANALYSIS AND HEALTH MONITORING USING AI AND ML TECHNIQUES. THIS PROJECT PROPOSES A HOLISTIC APPROACH INVOLVING FOUR CORE RESEARCH TASKS: 1) TO STUDY THE EFFECTS OF EMBEDDING SENSORS DURING ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING; 2) TO DESIGN EMBEDDABLE ACOUSTIC SENSORS AND INSERT THEM DURING THE MANUFACTURING PROCESS TO READ PHYSICAL PARAMETERS; 3) TO PROVE THAT EMBEDDED PASSIVE SENSOR SIGNALS CAN BE SENSED WIRELESSLY USING MILLIMETER-WAVE ANTENNAS, AND 4) TO QUICKLY MONITOR AND EVALUATE THE STATE OF MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS USING ML ALGORITHMS. THIS PROJECT HAS THE POTENTIAL TO ENABLE NEXT-GENERATION CYBER-PHYSICAL PRODUCTION SYSTEMS. THIS FUTURE MANUFACTURING AWARD IS SUPPORTED BY THE DIVISION OF ELECTRICAL, COMMUNICATIONS AND CYBER SYSTEMS (ECCS) IN THE DIRECTORATE FOR ENGINEERING (ENG) AND THE DIVISION OF COMPUTER AND NETWORK SYSTEMS (CNS) OF THE DIRECTORATE FOR COMPUTER AND INFORMATION SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING (CISE). THIS AWARD REFLECTS NSF'S STATUTORY MISSION AND HAS BEEN DEEMED WORTHY OF SUPPORT THROUGH EVALUATION USING THE FOUNDATION'S INTELLECTUAL MERIT AND BROADER IMPACTS REVIEW CRITERIA.

DESCRIPTION:THIS ACTION PROVIDES FUNDING IN THE AMOUNT OF $499,916 TO EMBRY RIDDLE UNIVERSITY TO CARRY OUT ITS PROGRAM TO MAINTAIN, PROTECT, AND IMPROVE THE WATER QUALITY OF ITS RIVERS, LAKES, STREAMS, GROUNDWATER, AND OTHER WATERBODIES. THE ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS OF THIS PROGRAM INCLUDE PREVENTING DEGRADATION OF UNIMPAIRED WATERBODIES AND REDUCING THE NUMBER OF IMPAIRED WATERBODIES IN THE STATE. ACTIVITIES:THE ACTIVITIES INCLUDE HIGH RESOLUTION ALGAL BLOOM TRACKING AND MODELING USING UNCREWED AIRCRAFT TECHNOLOGY. SUBRECIPIENT:SUBAWARDS TO THE FOLLOWING ENTITIES: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDA TO EXECUTE ALL MODELING ACTIVITIES; SANIBEL-CAPTIVA FOUNDATION FOR PLANNED FIELD TRIPS FOR BOAT TIME; AND FRIENDS OF EVERGLADES FOR ORGANIZING AND CONDUCTING WORKSHOPS.OUTCOMES:THE ANTICIPATED DELIVERABLES INCLUDE HIGH SPATIOTEMPORAL REMOTE SENSING, WATER AND AIR SAMPLING, AND IMPROVED NUMERICAL MODELING OF HAB DYNAMICS. THE EXPECTED OUTCOMES ARE NEAR REAL TIME MONITORING OF THE FULL EXPANSE OF THE LAKE OKEECHOBEE WATERSHED, HIGH SPATIOTEMPORAL REMOTE AND IN SITU SENSED DATA AVAILABLE FOR ALL LAKE OKEECHOBEE WATERSHED STAKEHOLDERS, AND AN IMPROVED MODELING TOOL THAT PROVIDES INCREASED UNDERSTANDING OF THE GROWTH, DECAY, AND TRANSPORT OF ALGAE BLOOMS WITHIN THE ENTIRETY OF THE LAKE OKEECHOBEE SYSTEM. THE INTENDED BENEFICIARIES ARE THE CITIZENS OF FLORIDA.

RESEARCH EXPERIENCES FOR TEACHERS: AVIATION AND AEROSPACE

EMBRY-RIDDLE AERONAUTICAL UNIVERSITY (ERAU). NEW GRANT DE-FOA-0003477 - INSPIRING GENERATIONS OF NEW INNOVATORS TO IMPACT TECHNOLOGIES IN ENERGY (IGNIITE) 2025 CONTROL NUMBER: 3477-1873 THIS GRANT FOR RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ENTITLED, “4D PRINTING SMART MULTIFUNCTIONAL STRUCTURAL BATTERIES FOR AEROSPACE APPLICATIONS: AN ADVANCEMENT IN GANTRIFYING” IS AWARDED TO EMBRY-RIDDLE AERONAUTICAL UNIVERSITY (ERAU) UNDER ARPA-E FOA NUMBER DE-FOA-0003477 - INSPIRING GENERATIONS OF NEW INNOVATORS TO IMPACT TECHNOLOGIES IN ENERGY (IGNIITE) 2025 AND CONTROL NUMBER: 3477-1873. THIS PROJECT AIMS TO REVOLUTIONIZE ADVANCED AIR MOBILITY DUE TO THEIR POTENTIAL TO REDUCE EMISSIONS, IMPROVE ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY, ENHANCE ACCESSIBILITY, AND ALLEVIATE GROUND TRAFFIC CONGESTION.

SATELLITE IMAGERY HAVE BEEN USED IN AGRICULTURE FOR SOME TIME AND THE INCREASING IMPLEMENTATION OF DRONES INTO AGRICULTURE AND AGRICULTURE SCIENCE HOLDS UNIQUE PROMISE. HOWEVER, THE SYNERGY BETWEEN MODERATE RESOLUTION SATELLITE IMAGERY, FINE RESOLUTION DRONE IMAGERY, FINE RESOLUTION LIDAR (LIGHT DETECTION AND RANGING) DATA, FINE RESOLUTION METEOROLOGICAL DATA, AND GENERALLY AVAILABLE GIS (GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS) DATA MUST BE IDENTIFIED AND OPTIMIZED. TO BE MOST USEFUL, THIS FUSION OF DATA SHOULD HELP PROVIDE ESTIMATES IN HEALTH AND YIELD OF AGRICULTURE SYSTEMS AS WELL AS INSIGHT INTO THE MICROCLIMATE AND ECOSYSTEM VARIATION WITHIN A FARM SITE. THESE DATA WILL BE INTEGRATED TO PRODUCE A VARIETY OF FINE RESOLUTION MAPS THAT CAN BE ANALYZED TO IDENTIFY WHAT TOOLS, INPUTS, AND MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES MOST EFFECTIVELY CONTRIBUTE TO AN INCREASE IN THE PRODUCTIVITY, AGROECOLOGICAL SYSTEM HEALTH, AND RESILIENCY OR RESTORATION (TYPICALLY IN RESPONSE TO A WEATHER OR CLIMATIC DISTURBANCE)OF A GIVEN FARMING OPERATION AND SITE. THIS RESEARCH WILL APPLY THESE DATA SCIENCE METHODS AND TOOLS TO VARYING FARM TYPES IN PUERTO RICO. WE EXPECT NEW INSIGHT INTO HOW THE FUSING OF A MULTITUDE OF DATA CAN BE EFFECTIVELY INTEGRATED INTO AN AGRICULTURE OPERATION AND, SUBSEQUENTLY, DETERMINE WHICH OUTPUTS ARE MOST VALUABLE TO THE VARIED FARM TYPES, PRACTICES, AND LOCATIONS. THIS INVESTIGATION WILL ALSO PROVIDE CRITICAL INFORMATION ON THE RESISTANCE AND RESILIENCE OF AN IMPORTANT AGRICULTURAL SYSTEM TO A MAJOR WEATHER OR CLIMATE RELATED DISTURBANCE AND, SUBSEQUENTLY, INFORM MANAGEMENT DECISIONS RELATED TO CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION.

CAREER: ATMOSPHERIC ELECTRICITY ON EARTH AND MARS -NATURALLY OCCURRING LIGHTNING IN THE EARTH ATMOSPHERE RELEASES TREMENDOUS AMOUNT OF ENERGY IN A VERY SHORT TIME. LIGHTNINGS MOST COMMONLY OCCUR DURING THUNDERSTORMS AS ELECTROSTATIC CHARGES ACCUMULATE IN CLOUDS. LIGHTNINGS HAVE ALSO BEEN FOUND TO OCCUR ON MARS, BELIEVED TO BE CREATED BY DUST STORMS. THOUGH NOT AS COMMON AS ON EARTH BECAUSE OF LOW ATMOSPHERE PRESSURE, SUCH LIGHTNINGS CAN BE A HAZARD TO INSTRUMENTS ON MARS WITH METAL OBJECTS ACTING LIKE A LIGHTNING ROD. THE MULTIPLICATION OF ROBOTIC EXPLORERS AT THE SURFACE OF THE PLANET HAS INCREASED THE CHANCES OF SUCH ELECTRIC DISCHARGES, INCREASING RISKS FOR INSTRUMENTS AND AN EVER-MORE LIKELY HUMAN-EXPLORATION. THIS CAREER RESEARCH OUTLINES A FIVE-YEAR EFFORT TO STUDY THE PHYSICS AND OBSERVABILITY OF ELECTRICAL DISCHARGES IN ATMOSPHERIC CONDITIONS REPRESENTATIVE OF EARTH AND MARS. THE INVESTIGATORS SUGGEST A COMPREHENSIVE STUDY COMBINING THEORY AND EXPERIMENTS CENTERED ON DISCHARGES PRODUCED IN AIR AT PRESSURES RANGING FROM 6 TO 1013 MBAR, TO EXAMINE THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN DISCHARGES STARTED FROM A HOT, CYLINDRICAL OR SPHERICAL ELECTRODE, AND THE ELECTRIFICATION OBSERVED IN THE TRIBOCHARGING OF REGOLITHS AND SAND GRAINS. THE PRINCIPAL OBJECTIVE IS TO FURTHER OUR UNDERSTANDING OF THE PHYSICS OF ELECTRICAL DISCHARGE IN DIVERSE ENVIRONMENTS. IN PARTICULAR, THIS RESEARCH SEEKS TO RESOLVE THE FOLLOWING OUTSTANDING ISSUES IN PLANETARY ELECTRICITY: (1) CAN GEOMETRIC FACTORS ADEQUATELY EXPLAIN THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THEORETICAL AND OBSERVED LIGHTNING INITIATION THRESHOLDS? (2) CAN MODELING HELP ASSESS THE NATURE (GLOW, STREAMER, LEADER) OF ATMOSPHERIC BREAKDOWN OCCURRING IN THE FORM OF TRANSIENT LUMINOUS EVENTS OR PUTATIVE MARTIAN LIGHTNING? (3) CAN TRIBOCHARGING LEAD TO THE INITIATION OF SUCH NON-CONVENTIONAL DISCHARGES? THE RESEARCH PLAN AIMS TO: ? PRODUCE THE FORMULATION OF A NEW, GENERALIZED MODEL OF ELECTRON AVALANCHE INITIATED FROM A HOT CYLINDRICAL OR SPHERICAL ELECTRODE, ? CREATE A 3-D FRACTAL MODELS OF EXTRATERRESTRIAL DISCHARGES AND ESTIMATES OF THEIR ELECTRIC CHARGES AND DIPOLE MOMENTS, ? MAKE QUANTITATIVE MEASUREMENTS OF THE ELECTRIFICATION IN A SCALED MARTIAN DUST EVENT, ? DISSEMINATE OF ACADEMIC RESEARCH OUTSIDE ACADEMIA THROUGH ASTRONOMY ON TAP TALKS, AND ? CREATE A SUMMER CAMP USING LEGO MINDSTORMS TO INTRODUCE MIDDLE-SCHOOLERS TO PROGRAMING AND SPACE SCIENCE THROUGH AN INNOVATIVE AND ENGAGING APPROACH. THE SUCCESS OF THIS PROJECT WILL DIRECTLY IMPACT THE DESIGN OF FUTURE INSTRUMENTS FOR THE DETECTION OF EXTRATERRESTRIAL ATMOSPHERIC ELECTRICITY BY IDENTIFYING THE MOST MEASURABLE CHANGES DUE TO NON-CONVENTIONAL LIGHTNING. IT WILL ALSO HELP TO ASSESS THE RISK OF INITIATING DISCHARGES FROM SURFACE OBJECTS IN PARTICULAR IN THE FRAMEWORK OF MARTIAN EXPLORATION. IT WILL STRENGTHEN THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ACADEMIC RESEARCH AND THE LOCAL COMMUNITY, THROUGH THE 5-DAY SUMMER CAMP, PUBLIC LECTURES, AND TALKS AT INFORMAL VENUES. THROUGH THESE TASKS, THE INVESTIGATOR WILL REACH AUDIENCES OF ALL AGES AND LEVELS AND SEEK TO INSPIRE THE NEXT GENERATION OF SCIENTISTS AND ENGINEERS. THIS AWARD REFLECTS NSF'S STATUTORY MISSION AND HAS BEEN DEEMED WORTHY OF SUPPORT THROUGH EVALUATION USING THE FOUNDATION'S INTELLECTUAL MERIT AND BROADER IMPACTS REVIEW CRITERIA.

CAREER: CHARACTERIZATION OF SOURCES OF IONOSPHERIC SCINTILLATION AND SPACE WEATHER PREDICTION THROUGH ANALYTICS AND MACHINE LEARNING

CAREER: MODELING AND ESTIMATION OF DYNAMIC HIGH-LATITUDE IONOSPHERIC LOSS AND TRANSPORT PROCESSES

SUPRATHERMAL ENERGIZATION OF PARTICLES IN THE VICINITY OF CUSP-LIKE FIELD CONFIGURATIONS -THIS PROJECT WILL USE SPACECRAFT OBSERVATIONS, NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS AND LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS TO STUDY HOW SOLAR WIND PLASMA -- THE ELECTRONS AND IONS BLOWING OFF THE SURFACE OF THE SUN -- INTERACT WITH THE MAGNETOSPHERE OF THE EARTH. SPACE IS FILLED WITH PLASMA CONSISTING OF APPROXIMATELY EQUAL AMOUNTS OF NEGATIVELY CHARGED ELECTRONS AND POSITIVELY CHARGED IONS. OUR NEAREST STAR, THE SUN, EJECTS LARGE QUANTITIES OF FAST-MOVING PLASMA, CALLED THE SOLAR WIND, TOWARD THE EARTH. THIS PLASMA IS RELATIVELY COLD BUT IS RAPIDLY HEATED WHEN IT ENCOUNTERS MAGNETIZED PLANETS. THE EARTH?S MAGNETIC FIELD PARTLY SHIELDS US FROM THE SOLAR WIND, BUT THIS SHIELD CAN ALSO BREAK VIA A MECHANISM CALLED MAGNETIC RECONNECTION. IT IS NOT WELL UNDERSTOOD WHY THE PLASMA INSIDE THE EARTH?S MAGNETIC SHIELD, THE MAGNETOSPHERE, IS SO HOT WHEN COMPARED TO THE SOLAR WIND, AND THIS AWARD WILL ENABLE A COLLABORATIVE TEAM FROM EMBRY-RIDDLE AERONAUTICAL UNIVERSITY AND THE UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN - MADISON TO HELP ADDRESS THIS QUESTION. THE PROJECT WILL ALSO CONTRIBUTE TO OUR UNDERSTANDING OF SPACE WEATHER AND EDUCATE, MENTOR, AND SUPPORT TWO PH.D STUDENTS AS WELL AS THREE SCIENTISTS FROM UNDER-REPRESENTED GROUPS. THE UNIVERSALITY OF PARTICLE ACCELERATION, HEATING AND TRANSPORT IN PLASMAS REMAINS A MAJOR CHALLENGE IN PLASMA PHYSICS, SPACE PHYSICS, AND ASTROPHYSICS. IN LABORATORY PLASMAS, THE LENGTH-SCALES ARE SHORTER AND TIME-SCALES ARE FASTER THAN FOR PHYSICAL PROCESSES IN SPACE PLASMAS, MAKING IT A CHALLENGE TO MEASURE AND IDENTIFY THE SPECIFIC PHYSICAL MECHANISMS RESPONSIBLE. IN SPACE, THE IN-SITU MEASUREMENTS PROBE PLASMAS AT THEIR NATURAL SCALES, BUT THE SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF PROBES IS VERY SPARSE. RECENT MULTI-SPACECRAFT OBSERVATIONS AND NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS HAVE REVEALED GENERATION MECHANISMS OF LARGE-SCALE MAGNETIC BOTTLE STRUCTURES (DIAMAGNETIC CAVITIES) AT THE EARTH?S DAYSIDE MAGNETOSPHERE WHERE THERMAL PARTICLES OF TENS OF EV CAN BE ACCELERATED TO SUPRATHERMAL ENERGIES OF GREATER THAN 40 KEV. HOWEVER, THE DETAILED PHYSICS OF THE PARTICLE ACCELERATION HAS REMAINED ELUSIVE. THIS PROJECT WILL ANSWER THE FOLLOWING SCIENCE QUESTIONS: (1) WHAT IS THE DETAILED PHYSICS FOR ELECTRON ENERGIZATION BY RECONNECTION (E.G., BETATRON VS. FERMI) IN THE ENVIRONMENT OF A DIAMAGNETIC CAVITY (DMC)?; (2) WHAT IS THE TIME-SCALE OF FORMATION OF THE DMCS IN HIGH-LUNDQUIST NUMBER PLASMAS?; (3) HOW DO THE ELECTRON PLASMA PROPERTIES CHANGE IN THE DMC WITH RESPECT TO EXTERNAL ELECTRON PARAMETERS IN HIGH-LUNDQUIST NUMBER LABORATORY PLASMAS AND WHAT CONTROLS THE FRACTION OF RECONNECTED FLUX COMPARED TO FLUX CONVECTED AROUND THE DIPOLE FIELD? THIS AWARD REFLECTS NSF'S STATUTORY MISSION AND HAS BEEN DEEMED WORTHY OF SUPPORT THROUGH EVALUATION USING THE FOUNDATION'S INTELLECTUAL MERIT AND BROADER IMPACTS REVIEW CRITERIA.

AWD PILOTS

CAREER: EFFECTS OF THE MAGNETOSHEATH PROPERTIES ON THE DYNAMICS AND PLASMA TRANSPORT PRODUCED BY THE KELVIN-HELMHOLTZ INSTABILITY AND ON THE PLASMA

WE PROPOSE A QUANTITATIVE INVESTIGATION OF THE IONOSPHERIC AND THERMOSPHERIC (IT) RESPONSES TO ACOUSTIC AND GRAVITY WAVES (AWS AND GWS OR HERE AGWS WHEN TOGETHER IN A SPECTRUM) THAT COMBINES DATA FROM GROUND AND SPACE WITH STATE-OF-THE-ART NUMERICAL MODELING. AWS ARE THE FIRST-ARRIVING WAVES ABOVE METEOROLOGICAL SOURCES AND GWS AT SMALL-SCALES (~10S-100S OF KM) AND SHORT PERIODS (~FEW TO TENS OF MINUTES) PROVIDE A DOMINANT MECHANISM FOR VERTICAL COUPLING VIA THEIR FLUXES OF MOMENTUM AND ENERGY FROM THE LOWER ATMOSPHERE TO THE IT AND MESOSPHERE (ITM). GWS IN PARTICULAR STRONGLY PERTURB SPECIES DENSITIES AND ARE THUS READILY IMAGED IN AIRGLOW AND IONOSPHERIC TOTAL ELECTRON CONTENT (TEC) MEASURED BY DENSE NETWORKS OF GLOBAL NAVIGATION SATELLITE SYSTEM (GNSS) RECEIVERS. NEVERTHELESS TEC DATA REMAIN REMARKABLY UNDERUTILIZED AS A ROUTINE DIAGNOSTIC OF IMPORTANT IT COUPLING PROCESSES DRIVEN BY AGW. IT IS NOW NECESSARY AND TIMELY TO BUILD A COMPREHENSIVE QUANTITATIVE UNDERSTANDING OF THE OBSERVABLE TEC RESPONSES TO AGWS. WE WILL INVESTIGATE VIA THEORY MODELING AND DATA ANALYSIS THE SPECTRUM OF HIGH PHASE VELOCITY (>100 M/S) AWS AND GWS THAT IS STRONGLY CONTROLLED BY ITM TEMPERATURES LEADING TO "NATURAL RESPONSE" DETERMINED BY REFLECTION DUCTING AND RESONANCE COMBINED WITH DISSIPATION. THESE EFFORTS FORM A KEY STEP TOWARDS SEPARATING AND QUANTIFYING THE AGWS THAT ARISE THROUGH PRIMARY OR SECONDARY FORCING FROM BELOW AND IN ESTABLISHING THE UTILITY OF OBSERVED ITM WAVE SPECTRA (WHICH MAY BE MODAL) IN ASSESSING AGW SOURCES AND EFFECTS. EQUALLY WE SEEK TO UNDERSTAND THE PHYSICS OF REMOTELY-SENSED TEC MEASUREMENTS THAT ARE STRONGLY DEPENDENT ON THE STATE OF THE BOTTOMSIDE IONOSPHERE AND FURTHER THAT ARE SPATIALLY-INTEGRATED AND THUS INHERENTLY FILTERED. THUS IN SUPPORT OF THE OVERARCHING SCIENCE QUESTION: "WHAT ARE THE DOMINANT QUANTIFIABLE LOCAL-SCALE RESPONSES OF THE IONOSPHERE AND THERMOSPHERE TO ACOUSTIC AND GRAVITY WAVES OVER SHORT PERIODS OF TIME?" WE PURSUE THREE OBJECTIVES TO INVESTIGATE AND QUANTIFY THE: (1) NATURAL (RESONANT DOMINANT) ATMOSPHERIC RESPONSES THAT SHAPE AGW SPECTRA IN THE ITM; THE (2) LINEAR AND NONLINEAR SIGNATURES OF AGWS IN GROUND-BASED TEC DATA; AND THE (3) SENSITIVITY AND DEPENDENCE OF GNSS/GPS TEC OBSERVABLES ON THE STATE OF THE IT. TO ACHIEVE CLOSURE WE WILL APPLY OUR NEW 3D HIGH-RESOLUTION MODELS TO NASA MISSION AND GROUND-BASED DATA TO BUILD A QUANTITATIVE UNDERSTANDING OF OBSERVABLE AGW SIGNATURES IN TEC UNDER REALISTIC CONDITIONS VIA CASE STUDIES. ANALYSES OF GROUND-BASED GNSS TEC WILL CHARACTERIZE ITM WAVE DYNAMICS ABOVE BROADBAND NEUTRAL FORCING SUCH AS DUE TO SEVERE WEATHER. ANALYSES OF TIMED'S SABER INSTRUMENT DATA TOGETHER WITH CLIMATOLOGIES AND EMPIRICAL MODELS WILL DEFINE THE NEUTRAL ITM TO INVESTIGATE ITS ROLE IN CONTROLLING WAVE SPECTRA. FURTHER THIS WILL PROVIDE REALISTIC MODEL ENVIRONMENTS FOR SIMULATIONS OF THEORETICAL AND OBSERVED AGW DYNAMICS. IONOSPHERIC MAPS OF O/N2 RATIO FROM TIMED'S GUVI ALONG WITH COSMIC RADIO OCCULTATION MEASUREMENTS OF ELECTRON DENSITY JPL MAPPED TEC DATA PRODUCTS AND EMPIRICAL MODELS WILL PROVIDE INSIGHT AND WILL VALIDATE (AND AUGMENT) OUR SELF-CONSISTENT IONOSPHERIC STATES TO BE USED IN MODELING CASE STUDIES. TOGETHER OUR SUITE OF MODELS WILL INVESTIGATE THE COMPRESSIBLE AND NONLINEAR AGW DYNAMICS THAT ARISE FOLLOWING BROADBAND FORCING AND THE SUBSEQUENT RESPONSES OF A COUPLED AND SELF-CONSISTENT DIPOLE IONOSPHERE AND PLASMASPHERE. TO ENABLE MODEL-DATA COMPARISONS AND TO ASSESS THE 3D NATURE OF WAVE FIELDS WE WILL SIMULATE TEC INTEGRATIONS ALONG MOVING PATHS FROM SATELLITES TO RECEIVERS TO LEVERAGE MULTIPLE LINES-OF-SIGHT FOR ASSESSMENTS OF AGWS VIA SLANT-TEC. OUR UNIQUE MODELING AND ANALYSIS FRAMEWORK WILL ADDRESS OUR SCIENCE OBJECTIVES AND QUESTION AND WILL ENABLE FUTURE APPLICATIONS TO DIVERSE PROBLEMS IN ITM AGW DYNAMICS WITH DIRECT POTENTIAL BENEFITS FOR THE PENDING ICON AND CONCEPTUALIZED GDC AND DYNAMIC MISSIONS.

CAREER: MODELING THE OBSERVABLE EFFECTS OF GRAVITY WAVES IN THE MESOSPHERE AND LOWER THERMOSPHERE (MLT) REGION

CAREER: AN INITIATIVE TO INVESTIGATE THE NEAR SPACE INTERACTION REGION (INSPIRE)

DUE TO THE CONTACT OF MATERIAL PARTICLES AT SOLID/WATER-AIR INTERFACES THE MECHANICAL ENERGY GENERATED WITHIN THE EARTH AND OCEAN INTERIORS LEAKS INTO THE ATMOSPHERE IN THE FORM OF ACOUSTIC AND GRAVITY WAVES (AGWS OR MORE SPECIFICALLY COSEISMIC ACO

ACTIVE LEARNING MODULES TO SUPPORT PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING: EFFECTS ON ENGINEERING RETENTION AND ACADEMIC OUTCOMES OF AT-RISK STUDENTS

TOPOLOGY AND MORPHOLOGY OPTIMIZATION OF 3D PRINTED CONTINUOUS FIBER COMPOSITES

ARIZONA MATH AND SCIENCE LEADERSHIP INITIATIVE

IDENTIFYING THE ASPECTS OF AMBIENT SOLAR WIND FORMATION THAT PRODUCE GEOEFFECTIVE MESOSCALE SOLAR WIND STRUCTURES

COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: CONVECTIVE GRAVITY WAVES IN THE STRATOSPHERE (CGWAVES)

MRI: ACQUISITION OF A NANO-CHARACTERIZATION SYSTEM FOR ENGINEERING AND PHYSICS RESEARCH AND EDUCATION

COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: DIPOLE TILT EFFECT ON KELVIN-HELMHOLTZ INSTABILITY AND ITS ASSOCIATED IONOSPHERIC AND GEOMAGNETIC SIGNATURES -MAGNETIC RECONNECTION AND THE KELVIN-HELMHOTZ INSTABILITY (KHI) ARE BELIEVED TO BE THE TWO MAJOR COUPLING MECHANISMS BETWEEN THE MAGNETOSPHERE AND THE SOLAR WIND. THIS COUPLING ENABLES ENERGY AND PARTICLE EXCHANGE BETWEEN THE TWO REGIONS. THIS PROJECT STUDIES THESE PHENOMENA TO PROVIDE INSIGHT INTO THE IMPORTANCE OF EARTH?S DIPOLE AS A FUNCTION OF TIME FOR PLASMA TRANSPORT ACROSS THE MAGNETOPAUSE, THE IONOSPHERE DYNAMIC, AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR UNDERSTANDING SPACE WEATHER. THE BROADER IMPACTS INCLUDE SUPPORT OF A GRADUATE STUDENT AND THE RESEARCH IS LED BY EARLY CAREER WOMAN SCIENTISTS. THE PROJECT FOCUSES ON THE DIPOLE TILT EFFECTS ON THE KHI AT THE EARTH?S MAGNETOPAUSE BOUNDARY AND THE ASSOCIATED GEOMAGNETIC PERTURBATIONS USING BOTH IN SITU AND MHD SIMULATION DATA. THE FOLLOWING SCIENCE QUESTIONS ARE ADDRESSED: DIPOLE TILT EFFECTS ON KHI AND ITS CHARACTERISTICS UNDER DIFFERENT IMF AND SOLAR WIND PLASMA CONDITIONS, AND THE DIPOLE TILT EFFECTS ON KHI-ASSOCIATED GEOMAGNETIC PERTURBATIONS ON THE GROUND. A COMBINATION OF OBSERVATIONAL DATA (STATISTICAL STUDY) AND MODELING WITH OPEN GEOSPACE GENERAL CIRCULATION MODEL (OPENGGCM) WILL BE USED TO ADDRESS THE DIPOLE TILT EFFECTS ON KHI AND HOW THAT AFFECTS THE GEOMAGNETIC PERTURBATIONS EXCITED BY KHI ON THE GROUND. THE PROJECT UTILIZES NSF FUNDED GROUND-BASED DATA SETS INCLUDING MAGNETOMETER OBSERVATIONS AND SUPERDARN RADAR. THIS AWARD REFLECTS NSF'S STATUTORY MISSION AND HAS BEEN DEEMED WORTHY OF SUPPORT THROUGH EVALUATION USING THE FOUNDATION'S INTELLECTUAL MERIT AND BROADER IMPACTS REVIEW CRITERIA.

NOVEL SPACE SCIENCE TEST VIA ADAPTIVE CONTROL AND INTEGRAL CONCURRENT LEARNING LEVERAGING ON-ORBIT CUBESAT STRUCTURAL IDENTIFICATION

IRES: COLLABORATION ON FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH PREPARING STUDENTS TO SOLVE THERMAL MANAGEMENT CHALLENGES IN ELECTRIFIED AIRCRAFT -THIS PROJECT FACILITATES INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCES FOR U.S. STUDENTS THROUGH COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH BETWEEN EMBRY-RIDDLE AERONAUTICAL UNIVERSITY AND THE INSTITUTO TECNOL?GICO DE AERON?UTICA IN BRAZIL. THE PROGRAM PROVIDES BOTH UNDERGRADUATE AND GRADUATE STUDENTS WITH HANDS-ON FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH EXPERIENCE IN THE FIELD OF THERMAL MANAGEMENT FOR NEXT-GENERATION AIRCRAFT. AS THE AVIATION INDUSTRY WORKS TO REDUCE EMISSIONS, LOWER OPERATING COSTS, REDUCE NOISE, AND INCREASE DESIGN FLEXIBILITY THROUGH ELECTRIC AND HYBRID-ELECTRIC TECHNOLOGIES, THERE IS AN URGENT NEED FOR NEW COOLING SYSTEMS THAT ARE BOTH EFFICIENT AND LIGHTWEIGHT. THROUGH THIS PROJECT, EACH COHORT OF PARTICIPATING U.S. STUDENTS SPEND TEN WEEKS IN BRAZIL COLLABORATING WITH RESEARCHERS AND GAINING EXPOSURE TO INTERNATIONAL AEROSPACE INDUSTRIES. THE PROGRAM EMPHASIZES TEAMWORK ACROSS CULTURES AND DISCIPLINES. COLLABORATION WITH BRAZILIAN EXPERTS STRENGTHENS THE SCIENTIFIC OUTCOMES AND PREPARES STUDENTS FOR GLOBAL CAREERS IN THERMAL SCIENCE ENGINEERING. PROPULSION ELECTRIFICATION PRESENTS VARIOUS ENVIRONMENTAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL HURDLES. AMONG THESE OBSTACLES LIES THE NEED FOR EFFECTIVE THERMAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS THAT ARE BOTH LIGHTWEIGHT AND CAPABLE OF HANDLING THE INCREASED HEAT GENERATED BY ALL-ELECTRIC AND HYBRID-ELECTRIC AIRCRAFT, A DEMAND SURPASSING THAT OF TRADITIONAL AIRCRAFT DESIGNS. FUNDAMENTAL UNDERSTANDING OF THE HEAT TRANSFER PERFORMANCE IS CRUCIAL BECAUSE MANY OF THESE MATERIALS AND THERMAL MANAGEMENT SOLUTIONS HAVE NOT BEEN PREVIOUSLY USED IN THE INTENDED AREA OF OPERATION FOR ELECTRIC AND/OR HYBRID ELECTRIC AIRCRAFT. THIS IRES PROJECT ADDRESSES KNOWLEDGE GAPS AND EQUIPS STUDENTS WITH A DEEP UNDERSTANDING OF FUNDAMENTAL ISSUES AND THE THERMAL BEHAVIOR OF VARIOUS HEAT TRANSFER MEDIA BEFORE THEIR IMPLEMENTATION INTO CRITICAL THERMAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS. THE RESEARCH ACTIVITIES IN THIS IRES PROGRAM ARE CENTERED AROUND TWO MAJOR THRUSTS. THESE THEMES FOCUS ON HIGHLY PROMISING YET NOT FULLY UNDERSTOOD HEAT TRANSFER MEDIA AND APPROACHES: 1) SOLID-TO-LIQUID PHASE CHANGE MATERIALS FOR PASSIVE THERMAL MANAGEMENT AND 2) TRANSCRITICAL CO2 REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS FOR ACTIVE COOLING. THIS AWARD REFLECTS NSF'S STATUTORY MISSION AND HAS BEEN DEEMED WORTHY OF SUPPORT THROUGH EVALUATION USING THE FOUNDATION'S INTELLECTUAL MERIT AND BROADER IMPACTS REVIEW CRITERIA.- SUBAWARDS ARE NOT PLANNED FOR THIS AWARD.

REU SITE: CYBERSECURITY RESEARCH OF UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES -THIS AWARD SUPPORTS A RESEARCH EXPERIENCE FOR UNDERGRADUATES (REU) SITE AT EMBRY-RIDDLE AERONAUTICAL UNIVERSITY (ERAU), DAYTONA BEACH, FLORIDA. EACH SUMMER, TEN MOTIVATED UNDERGRADUATES FROM UNIVERSITIES ACROSS THE UNITED STATES PARTICIPATE IN A RIGOROUS 10-WEEK UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES (UAV) CYBERSECURITY RESEARCH PROGRAM. THE PROGRAM COMBINES FACULTY-MENTORED RESEARCH WITH PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES DESIGNED TO PREPARE STUDENTS FOR CAREERS IN CYBERSECURITY AND/OR GRADUATE SCHOOL. THE PROJECT'S NOVELTIES INCLUDE VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT AND THE DEVELOPMENT AND TESTING OF NEW CYBER-RESILIENT ALGORITHMS TO SAFEGUARD UAVS. MORE BROADLY, THE SITE ADVANCES UAV SECURITY RESEARCH WHILE EQUIPPING STUDENTS WITH ESSENTIAL RESEARCH SKILLS THROUGH STRUCTURED FACULTY MENTORSHIPS. THE TRAINING IS DESIGNED TO PREPARE STUDENTS WITH SKILLS AND TOOLS TO THRIVE IN GRADUATE SCHOOL AND FUTURE CAREERS IN THE CYBERSECURITY FIELD. THE REU SITE FOCUSES ON ENHANCING UAV SECURITY THROUGH FACULTY-GUIDED RESEARCH PROJECTS. PARTICIPANTS INVESTIGATE CYBER-RESILIENT UAV OPERATION AND SIMULATIONS; SECURE NAVIGATION INCLUDING GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM (GPS) SPOOFING DETECTION AND MITIGATION; AND AI-BASED ANOMALY AND INTRUSION DETECTION. THE RESEARCH PROCESS INCLUDES SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEWS, HYPOTHESIS DEVELOPMENT, TESTBED CREATION FOR DATA COLLECTION, DATA PROCESSING, TECHNICAL SEMINARS, AND WORKSHOPS IN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) AND CYBERSECURITY. THROUGHOUT THE PROGRAM, STUDENTS GAIN VALUABLE EXPERIENCE PRESENTING THEIR FINDINGS, WITH MID-TERM RESULTS SHOWCASED AT THE DAYTONA MUSEUM OF ARTS AND SCIENCES (MOAS) AND FINAL OUTCOMES AT THE ERAU SUMMER SYMPOSIUM. THE KEY OBJECTIVES OF THIS SITE ARE: (1) INCREASE THE NUMBER OF HIGH-QUALITY CYBERSECURITY PROFESSIONALS, (2) BROADEN STEM PARTICIPATION BY ENHANCING RECRUITMENT EFFORTS FOR VETERANS, INDIVIDUALS WITH DIVERSE SOCIOECONOMICAL BACKGROUNDS AND UNDER-RESOURCES INSTITUTIONS, (3) INSPIRE AND EMPOWER UNDERGRADUATES TO CONFIDENTLY PURSUE GRADUATE DEGREES, AND (4) PROVIDE UNDERGRADUATES WITH PROFESSIONAL SKILLS FOR THEIR FUTURE CAREERS. BY LEVERAGING EMBRY-RIDDLE?S STATE-OF-THE-ART FACILITIES, RESEARCH LABS, AND FACULTY EXPERTISE, THE PROGRAM CULTIVATES INTEREST IN CYBERSECURITY AND DEVELOPS THE RESEARCH SKILLS OF UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS, CONTRIBUTING TO CYBERSECURITY EDUCATION, TRAINING, AND WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT. THIS AWARD REFLECTS NSF'S STATUTORY MISSION AND HAS BEEN DEEMED WORTHY OF SUPPORT THROUGH EVALUATION USING THE FOUNDATION'S INTELLECTUAL MERIT AND BROADER IMPACTS REVIEW CRITERIA.- SUBAWARDS ARE NOT PLANNED FOR THIS AWARD.

CEDAR: EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE ROLE OF SECONDARY ELECTRON EMISSION IN ATMOSPHERIC ELECTRICITY -ELECTRIC DISCHARGES (COMMONLY REFERRED TO AS SPARK) OCCUR NATURALLY IN LIGHTNING FLASHES, WHERE IT STARTS A SIMPLE ELECTRON AVALANCHE PROCESS THAT ELEVATES ITS TEMPERATURE AND ENERGY LEADING TO SPECTACULAR FORM. IN THE ATMOSPHERE, ELECTRIC DISCHARGES MANIFEST IN VARIOUS WAYS: GLOW CORONAE, ST ELMO?S FIRES, DIVERSE LIGHTNING DISCHARGES, NARROW BIPOLAR EVENTS, UPWARD-DIRECTED STARTERS, BLUE JETS, GIGANTIC JETS, RED SPRITE AND OTHER TRANSIENT LUMINOUS EVENTS (TLES). MOST DISCHARGES START WITH A SEEDING ELECTRON AVALANCHE, AS IN TOWNSEND?S (1901) PROCESS, AND CAN EVOLVE INTO A GLOW, STREAMER, OR LEADER DISCHARGE, OR A COMBINATION OF THESE. TWO FUNDAMENTAL PARAMETERS THAT ARE CENTRAL TO AVALANCHE MECHANISM ARE: (1) THE EFFECTIVE TOWNSEND IONIZATION COEFFICIENT, WHICH DESCRIBES THE WELL-KNOWN IONIZATION OF AN ATOM OR A MOLECULE BY ELECTRON IMPACT; AND (2) A POORLY UNDERSTOOD SECONDARY ELECTRON EMISSION COEFFICIENT, WHICH IS THE OBJECT OF THIS PROPOSAL. THE RESEARCH HAS MANY PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS; FOR EXAMPLE, IT IS USEFUL FOR (A) THEIR ROLE IN LIGHTING ROD OPTIMIZATION; (B) DISINFECTING MEDICAL EQUIPMENT, AND (C) SPACE SYSTEMS GOING TO MARS THAT ENCOUNTER CONDITIONS THAT COULD TRIGGER DISCHARGES. THE MAIN OBJECTIVE OF THE PROPOSAL IS TO ADVANCE THE CURRENT UNDERSTANDING OF ATMOSPHERIC ELECTRICITY ON EARTH AND BEYOND. IT WILL ADDRESS THE FOLLOWING SCIENTIFIC QUESTIONS: (A) HOW DOES THE SECONDARY ELECTRON EMISSION INFLUENCE THE IGNITION OF ELECTRIC DISCHARGES? (B) HOW DOES THE ELECTRODE SHAPE AND COMPOSITION IMPACT THE INITIATION OF GAS DISCHARGES? (C) HOW DOES DUST CHANGE ELECTRICAL DISCHARGES IN EARTH AND MARS ATMOSPHERIC CONDITIONS? THE APPROACH WILL UTILIZE AN EXISTING DUSTY PLASMA CHAMBER AT THE PI?S INSTITUTION WITH NEW MODIFICATIONS TO ADDRESS THE ABOVE QUESTIONS AND INCLUDES THEORETICAL VALIDATION TO CHARACTERIZE THE INITIATION OF DIELECTRIC BREAKDOWN IN PLANETARY ATMOSPHERES. THE PI WILL ALSO EXPLORE METHODS TO PROMOTE SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN PLANETARY SCIENCES, GEOSCIENCES, AND ASTRONOMY BY DEVELOPING OPEN ACCESS EDUCATIONAL TOOLS. THIS INCLUDES THE CREATION OF PYTHAGORA: PYTHON TRAINING FOR HELIOPHYSICS, ASTRONOMY, AND GEOSCIENCES: AN OPENCOURSE FOR RESEARCHERS WITH APPLICATIONS. THIS PROPOSAL WILL SUPPORT AN EARLY CAREER, AND SEVERAL STUDENTS AT AN EMERGING RESEARCH INSTITUTE. THIS AWARD REFLECTS NSF'S STATUTORY MISSION AND HAS BEEN DEEMED WORTHY OF SUPPORT THROUGH EVALUATION USING THE FOUNDATION'S INTELLECTUAL MERIT AND BROADER IMPACTS REVIEW CRITERIA.- SUBAWARDS ARE NOT PLANNED FOR THIS AWARD.

TAS::57 3600::TAS "SELF-SUSTAINED FLOW-ACOUSTIC INTERACTIONS IN AIRFOIL TRANSITIONAL BOUNDARY LAYERS"

ACCURATE STELLAR AGES CONSTRAIN A HOST OF ASTROPHYSICAL QUESTIONS OF INTEREST RANGING FROM THE HABITABILITY OF PLANETS TO THE GALAXY'S STAR FORMATION HISTORY AND AGE. GYROCHRONOLOGY AN EMPIRICAL RELATION BETWEEN ROTATION AND AGE IS BELIEVED TO BE

REU SITE: EXPLORING AEROSPACE RESEARCH AT THE INTERSECTION OF MECHANICS, MATERIALS SCIENCE, AND AEROSPACE PHYSIOLOGY

FY24 DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE (DOD) CYBER SCHOLARSHIP PROGRAM (CYSP) AND DOD CYBER AND DIGITAL SERVICES ACADEMY (DCDSA) GRANTS: EMBRY-RIDDLE AERONAUTICAL UNIVERSITY

REU SITE: CYBERSECURITY RESEARCH OF UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES -THIS FUNDING INSTITUTES A RESEARCH EXPERIENCE FOR UNDERGRADUATES (REU) SITE AT EMBRY-RIDDLE AERONAUTICAL UNIVERSITY (ERAU). EACH YEAR, OVER THE SUMMER, TEN HIGHLY MOTIVATED UNDERGRADUATES WILL CONDUCT AN INTENSE 10-WEEK UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES (UAV) CYBERSECURITY RESEARCH PROGRAM COMPLEMENTED BY PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES THAT PREPARE THEM FOR FUTURE CYBERSECURITY CAREERS AND GRADUATE SCHOOLS. STUDENTS WILL RESEARCH EXISTING UAV CYBER THREATS AND MITIGATION STRATEGIES AND EXPLORE NEW TECHNIQUES AND ALGORITHMS TO SAFEGUARD UAV SYSTEMS. THE REU PROGRAM WILL FOCUS ON PROVIDING UNPARALLELED OPPORTUNITIES FOR UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS, ESPECIALLY THOSE FROM UNDERREPRESENTED AND MINORITY GROUPS AND FROM INSTITUTIONS WITH LIMITED RESOURCES, BY ENGAGING THEM IN REAL-WORLD CYBERSECURITY RESEARCH OF UAVS. THROUGH SMALL-GROUP, HIGH-QUALITY MENTORING PRACTICES, THE REU TRAINING WILL NOT ONLY AID IN ENHANCING THE SAFETY AND SECURITY OF UAVS IN PERSONAL AND COMMERCIAL APPLICATIONS BUT WILL ALSO BUILD RESEARCH CONFIDENCE AMONG REU PARTICIPANTS. THE OVERALL OBJECTIVE OF THIS PROJECT IS TO IMMERSE UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS IN RESEARCH-INTENSIVE TRAINING IN THE CYBERSECURITY FIELD AND ENCOURAGE THEM TO THINK CREATIVELY AND INDEPENDENTLY THROUGH HANDS-ON PROJECT ACTIVITIES. REU PARTICIPANTS WILL BE ENGAGED IN FACULTY-LED PROJECTS SUCH AS UAV CYBER-ATTACKS, UAV CYBER DEFENSE MECHANISMS, PRIVACY PROTECTION METHODS FOR UAV COMMUNICATIONS, AND PHYSICAL LAYER-BASED CYBERSECURITY. THEY WILL PARTICIPATE IN ACTIVITIES THAT RANGE FROM LITERATURE REVIEWS, TECHNICAL SEMINARS, AND WORKSHOPS TO THE PREPARATION, PRESENTATION, AND DISSEMINATION OF RESEARCH FINDINGS. THE THREE MAJOR GOALS OF THE REU SITE ARE: (1) TO EXPOSE UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS TO A VARIETY OF CYBERSECURITY PROJECTS THAT ARE BOUND TO BUILD THE INTEREST, SKILLS, AND KNOWLEDGE NECESSARY TO PURSUE CYBERSECURITY CAREERS; (2) TO INCREASE THE NUMBER OF UNDERREPRESENTED UNDERGRADUATES IN CYBERSECURITY AND STEM FIELDS THROUGH DIVERSITY RECRUITMENT EMPHASIS, AND (3) TO PROVIDE UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS WITH STRONG PROFESSIONAL SKILLS FOR THEIR FUTURE CAREERS AND GRADUATE SCHOOLS. THE REU SITE WILL LEVERAGE ERAUS? STATE-OF-THE-ART FACILITIES, RESEARCH LABS, AND FACULTY EXPERTISE TO PROMOTE INTEREST IN CYBERSECURITY AND DEVELOP RESEARCH SKILLS OF THE UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS WHICH, IN TURN, WILL CONTRIBUTE TOWARDS CYBERSECURITY EDUCATION, TRAINING, AND WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT. THIS AWARD REFLECTS NSF'S STATUTORY MISSION AND HAS BEEN DEEMED WORTHY OF SUPPORT THROUGH EVALUATION USING THE FOUNDATION'S INTELLECTUAL MERIT AND BROADER IMPACTS REVIEW CRITERIA.

ENHANCING STUDENTS? SPATIAL SKILLS WITH AUGMENTED REALITY EXPERIENCES -THIS PROJECT AIMS TO SERVE THE NATIONAL INTEREST BY IMPROVING STUDENT ENGAGEMENT AND STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES FOR ENGINEERING STUDENTS IN ENGINEERING GRAPHICS, A FOUNDATIONAL COURSE IN MANY ENGINEERING PROGRAMS. UNDERSTANDING ENGINEERING DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS IS A CRITICAL SKILL FOR MAKING DECISIONS IN THE ENGINEERING WORKFORCE. STUDENTS NEED TO LEARN HOW TO ANALYZE AND INTERPRET THESE SPECIFICATIONS, WHICH OFTEN INVOLVES VISUALIZING A 2D DRAWING AS A 3D MODEL AND VICE VERSA. BEING ABLE TO CONVERT BETWEEN THESE TWO REPRESENTATIONS ENABLES ENGINEERS TO COMMUNICATE IDEAS AND DESIGNS MORE EFFECTIVELY WITH OTHER STAKEHOLDERS. STUDENTS? SPATIAL SKILLS AS COGNITIVE SKILLS CAN BE IMPROVED WITH INTENTIONAL INSTRUCTION SUPPORTED BY EFFECTIVE LEARNING RESOURCES. THIS PROJECT WILL DEVELOP AND ASSESS AN AUGMENTED REALITY APPLICATION THAT WILL DISPLAY VISUAL AIDS TO GUIDE STUDENTS IN ANALYZING LINES AND SURFACES. STUDENTS WILL BE GUIDED THROUGH A STEP-BY-STEP ANIMATION TO SHOW HOW 2D DRAWINGS RELATE TO A 3D MODEL. THIS STUDY WILL ASSESS THE IMPACT OF THE APPLICATION ON STUDENT ENGAGEMENT AND STUDENTS? SPATIAL SKILLS FOR STUDENTS FROM TRADITIONALLY UNDERREPRESENTED GROUPS IN ENGINEERING. PROJECT RESULTS WILL BE MADE AVAILABLE TO THE STEM EDUCATION COMMUNITY THROUGH A PROJECT WEBSITE AND WORKSHOPS FOR FACULTY. THE GOAL OF THIS PROJECT IS TO IMPROVE STUDENTS? SPATIAL SKILLS BY ENGAGING STUDENTS IN ACTIVE LEARNING USING AN AUGMENTED REALITY APPLICATION. THE APPLICATION WILL PROVIDE VISUAL AIDS SUCH AS HIGHLIGHTING AND SHADING TO ASSIST STUDENTS IN COMPREHENDING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LINES AND SURFACES. STUDENTS WILL BE ABLE TO ROTATE A 3D MODEL WITH THEIR FINGERS OR FOLLOW AN ANIMATION THAT CONNECTS POINTS TO CREATE LINES AND SURFACES IN AN INTERACTIVE IMMERSIVE ENVIRONMENT. INCENTIVE MECHANISMS SUCH AS POINTS, LEVELS, BADGES, AND ADDITIONAL CHALLENGE PROBLEMS WILL BE USED TO MOTIVATE STUDENTS TO SOLVE PROBLEMS. EMBEDDED MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS WILL BE USED TO ASSESS STUDENTS? UNDERSTANDING. ANNOTATIONS AND CONTEXTUAL INFORMATION WILL BE ADDED TO EACH QUESTION TO MOTIVATE STUDENTS AND PROVIDE FEEDBACK ON THEIR ANSWERS. THE PROJECT WILL USE VALIDATED INSTRUMENTS IN A WITHIN- AND BETWEEN-SUBJECTS DESIGN TO ASSESS THE IMPACT OF THE ACTIVE LEARNING EXPERIENCES ON STUDENTS? SPATIAL SKILLS AND ATTITUDES IN AN ENGINEERING GRAPHICS COURSE. BEYOND SHARING THE FINDINGS THROUGH PEER-REVIEWED JOURNALS, AND CONFERENCE PRESENTATIONS, A PROJECT WEBSITE WILL BE DEVELOPED AND MAINTAINED WHICH WILL PROVIDE ACCESS TO ASSESSMENT RESULTS AND PROJECT-RELATED MATERIALS. LESSONS LEARNED AND GUIDELINES FOR IMPLEMENTING THE AUGMENTED REALITY APPLICATION IN COURSES WILL BE SHARED WITH INTERESTED FACULTY MEMBERS VIA WORKSHOPS AND OUTREACH ACTIVITIES. THE NSF IUSE: EDU PROGRAM SUPPORTS RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS TO IMPROVE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF STEM EDUCATION FOR ALL STUDENTS. THROUGH THE ENGAGED STUDENT LEARNING TRACK, THE PROGRAM SUPPORTS THE CREATION, EXPLORATION, AND IMPLEMENTATION OF PROMISING PRACTICES AND TOOLS. THIS AWARD REFLECTS NSF'S STATUTORY MISSION AND HAS BEEN DEEMED WORTHY OF SUPPORT THROUGH EVALUATION USING THE FOUNDATION'S INTELLECTUAL MERIT AND BROADER IMPACTS REVIEW CRITERIA.

NANOSCALE DESIGN OF INTERFACIAL KINEMATICS IN COMPOSITE MANUFACTURING

IMPACTS OF UNDERGRADUATE RESEARCH FOR FULLY ONLINE STEM STUDENTS -THIS PROJECT AIMS TO SERVE THE NATIONAL INTEREST BY INVESTIGATING CURRICULAR INNOVATIONS TO ENGAGE ONLINE STEM STUDENTS IN UNDERGRADUATE RESEARCH. WHILE THE BENEFITS OF TRADITIONAL UNDERGRADUATE RESEARCH ARE WELL-STUDIED, LITTLE WORK HAS BEEN DONE IN PROVIDING A FRAMEWORK FOR SUPPORTING UNDERGRADUATE RESEARCH IN A GLOBALLY DISTRIBUTED WHOLLY ONLINE LEARNING ENVIRONMENT. THIS PROJECT WILL CREATE AN UNDERGRADUATE STEM RESEARCH MINOR TO ADDRESS SOME OF THE ADMINISTRATIVE AND STUDENT BARRIERS TO ENGAGING IN A COURSE-BASED UNDERGRADUATE RESEARCH EXPERIENCE, AND SUPPORT THE MINOR WITH WORKSHOPS AVAILABLE TO ALL STUDENTS, MENTOR TRAINING, AND A DIFFUSE GROUP OF FACULTY TO SUPPORT STUDENTS. THE PROJECT?S GOALS ARE TO BROADEN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF UNDERGRADUATE RESEARCH, IMPROVE STUDENT PERSPECTIVES, AND PROMOTE STEM CAREER PATHWAYS. THE DISCRETE OBJECTIVES OF THIS 3-YEAR PROJECT ARE TO DEVELOP AND ADMINISTER A RESEARCH SCHOLARS PROGRAM IN A WHOLLY ONLINE LEARNING ENVIRONMENT. THE PROGRAM IS ANTICIPATED TO INCREASE UNDERGRADUATE RESEARCH PARTICIPATION FOR STUDENTS COMPLETING STEM DEGREES EXCLUSIVELY ONLINE AT EMBRY-RIDDLE AERONAUTICAL UNIVERSITY AND LEAD TO IMPACTFUL STUDENT RESEARCH OUTPUTS, INCLUDING STUDENT AUTHORSHIP OF PAPERS AND CONFERENCE PRESENTATIONS. ENGAGING IN THE RESEARCH MINOR AND THE RESEARCH EXPERIENCES IS EXPECTED TO POSITIVELY INFLUENCE STUDENTS' STEM ATTITUDES AND SUPPORT THEM IN CHOOSING AND PURSUING STEM CAREER PATHWAYS. RESEARCH DATA INCLUDE INSTITUTIONAL DATA AND QUALITATIVE INTERVIEWS WITH STUDENTS AND OTHER STAKEHOLDERS TO BEST DETERMINE THE EFFICACY OF THE DEVELOPED COURSES AND WORKSHOPS AS WELL AS THEIR IMPACT ON STUDENTS AND THE INSTITUTION. THE NSF IUSE: EDU PROGRAM SUPPORTS RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS TO IMPROVE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF STEM EDUCATION FOR ALL STUDENTS. THROUGH THE ENGAGED STUDENT LEARNING TRACK, THE PROGRAM SUPPORTS THE CREATION, EXPLORATION, AND IMPLEMENTATION OF PROMISING PRACTICES AND TOOLS. THIS AWARD REFLECTS NSF'S STATUTORY MISSION AND HAS BEEN DEEMED WORTHY OF SUPPORT THROUGH EVALUATION USING THE FOUNDATION'S INTELLECTUAL MERIT AND BROADER IMPACTS REVIEW CRITERIA.- SUBAWARDS ARE NOT PLANNED FOR THIS AWARD.

CONFRONTING THE STELLAR GYROCHRONOLOGY PARADIGM USING WIDE BINARIES

PERMANENT AND TRANSIENT SURFACE DISPLACEMENTS ASSOCIATED WITH EARTHQUAKES LAUNCH ACOUSTIC AND GRAVITY WAVES (AGWS) INTO THE ATMOSPHERE. AS AGWS PROPAGATE UPWARD DENSITY DECREASES EXPONENTIALLY AND THEIR AMPLITUDES GROW TO THE EXTENT THAT THEY BECOME

NEW GRANT "UNDERSTANDING THE COUPLED DYNAMICS OF PARTICLES AND WALL TURBULENCE"

TAS:57 3600::TAS 'VLF WAVES AND ENERGETIC PARTICLES IN THE RADIATION BELT' DATED 26 SEP 18 (THE GRANTEE'S TECHNICAL PROPOSAL)

EMBRACE-AGS-GROWTH: COMPOUNDING EXTREMES--TRENDS IN, LINKS AMONG, AND IMPACTS OF MARINE HEATWAVES, HUMAN HEAT STRESS, AND HEAVY PRECIPITATION IN THE SOUTHEAST UNITED STATES -AS GLOBAL TEMPERATURES HAVE RISEN, EXTREME HEAT AND RAINFALL EVENTS HAVE INCREASED IN FREQUENCY AND INTENSITY IN WARM HUMID CLIMATES SUCH AS THE SOUTHEAST U.S. THESE EXTREMES ARE MANIFESTED IN ANOMALOUS OCEAN HEAT EVENTS THAT CAN DEVASTATE ECOSYSTEMS (MARINE HEAT WAVES [MHWS]), HUMID HEAT STRESS OVER LAND, AND HEAVY PRECIPITATION. WHILE EACH OF THESE EXTREMES HAS BEEN STUDIED INDIVIDUALLY, THIS PROJECT WILL BE THE FIRST TO INVESTIGATE THEIR COMPOUND CO-OCCURRENCES, TRENDS, AND LINKS IN THE SOUTHEAST U.S. FURTHERMORE, BY INCORPORATING CENSUS-DERIVED METRICS OF HUMAN VULNERABILITY, THIS RESEARCH WILL IDENTIFY THE SUB-REGIONS AND METROPOLITAN AREAS WITHIN THE SOUTHEAST U.S. THAT ARE MOST AFFECTED BY THE THREE COMPOUND EXTREMES, WHICH OFTEN EXACT THEIR GREATEST TOLL ON VULNERABLE POPULATIONS. TO COMMUNICATE KEY RESULTS TO RELEVANT STAKEHOLDERS AND THE PUBLIC, MONTHLY PROFESSIONAL-QUALITY BROADCAST VIDEOS WILL BE PRODUCED AND DISSEMINATED THROUGH SOCIAL MEDIA AND WEB PLATFORMS. THE BROADCASTS WILL BE LED BY STEM STUDENTS AND PROFESSIONALS AT THE HOST INSTITUTION, CREATING A COHORT OF YOUNG RESEARCHERS RESPONSIBLE FOR UNDERTAKING CLIMATE CHANGE RESEARCH AND COMMUNICATING IT TO DIVERSE AUDIENCES ON A REGULAR BASIS. DESPITE OCCURRING ON DIFFERENT TIMESCALES, MHWS, HUMID HEAT STRESS, AND HEAVY PRECIPITATION EVENTS HAVE ALL INCREASED IN INTENSITY AND FREQUENCY, ESPECIALLY IN HUMID SUBTROPICAL CLIMATES SUCH AS THE SOUTHEAST U.S. THIS PROJECT WILL FIRST ESTABLISH A CLIMATOLOGY AND TREND ANALYSIS OF MHWS IN WATERS ADJACENT TO THE SOUTHEAST U.S. NEXT, USING WET BULB GLOBE TEMPERATURE AND HIGH-RESOLUTION REANALYSIS DATA, WORK WILL ELUCIDATE THE FREQUENCIES AND TRENDS IN HUMID HEAT STRESS EXTREMES OVER LAND AREAS ADJACENT TO MHWS. THE THIRD PROJECT PHASE WILL EXAMINE THE COMPOUND OCCURRENCES AND CAUSAL MECHANISMS AMONG THE THREE EXTREME EVENT TYPES OVER THE PAST FEW DECADES. THIS ANALYSIS WILL INCREASE UNDERSTANDING OF THE FREQUENCY AND TRENDS IN THE COMPOUND EXTREMES, AS WELL AS THE PHYSICAL MECHANISMS THAT CONNECT THEM. FINALLY, SOCIAL VULNERABILITY DATA WILL BE INTEGRATED INTO THE COMPOUND EXTREMES DATASET TO PRODUCE A GRIDDED COMPOUND EXTREMES VULNERABILITY INDEX FOR THE SOUTHEAST U.S. THIS INDEX WILL BE ABLE TO IDENTIFY AREAS THAT ARE NOT ONLY EXPERIENCING MORE FREQUENT AND SEVERE COMPOUND EXTREMES, BUT ALSO CONTAIN LARGE NUMBERS OF SOCIOECONOMICALLY VULNERABLE PERSONS, POOR DRAINAGE, AND LACK ACCESS TO COOLING, ALL OF WHICH CAN RESULT IN EVEN GREATER HUMAN IMPACTS FROM COMPOUND HAZARDS. THIS AWARD REFLECTS NSF'S STATUTORY MISSION AND HAS BEEN DEEMED WORTHY OF SUPPORT THROUGH EVALUATION USING THE FOUNDATION'S INTELLECTUAL MERIT AND BROADER IMPACTS REVIEW CRITERIA.- SUBAWARDS ARE NOT PLANNED FOR THIS AWARD.

EMBRACE-AGS-GROWTH: DIAGNOSING KINEMATIC PROCESSES RESPONSIBLE FOR PRECIPITATION DISTRIBUTIONS IN TROPICAL CYCLONES -TROPICAL CYCLONES, ALSO CALLED HURRICANES OR TYPHOONS, POSE A SIGNIFICANT THREAT TO COASTAL COMMUNITIES THROUGH HIGH WINDS, STORM SURGE, AND HEAVY RAINFALL. POOR PREDICTIONS OF TROPICAL CYCLONES CAN LEAD TO UNDERPREPARED COMMUNITIES, EXACERBATING THE IMPACTS OF THESE POWERFUL STORMS. THIS PROJECT AIMS TO UNDERSTAND HOW DIFFERENT TYPES OF PRECIPITATION, OR RAINFALL, IMPACT TROPICAL CYCLONE MAXIMUM SUSTAINED WIND SPEED. PRECIPITATION IS DIVIDED INTO FOUR CATEGORIES BASED ON HOW FAST THE AIR IS RISING IN CLOUDS. CLOUDS THAT HAVE FASTER RISING AIR ARE CALLED CONVECTION, WITH THE TALLEST CLOUDS CALLED DEEP CONVECTION AND THE SHALLOWER CLOUDS CALLED MODERATE CONVECTION AND SHALLOW CONVECTION. THE LIGHTEST PRECIPITATION IS CALLED STRATIFORM RAIN AND HAS THE LEAST AMOUNT OF RISING AIR. THE TYPE OF PRECIPITATION CAN BE IDENTIFIED BASED ON ITS APPEARANCE ON RADAR MEASUREMENTS. THIS PROJECT ADDRESSES HOW EACH TYPE OF PRECIPITATION INFLUENCES THE MAXIMUM SUSTAINED WIND SPEED OF THE STORM THROUGH THEIR IMPACT ON STORM STRUCTURE. SINCE DIFFERENT TYPES OF PRECIPITATION CAN BE IDENTIFIED ON RADAR, THIS PROJECT MAY OFFER NEW INSIGHTS INTO FORECASTING OF TROPICAL CYCLONE MAXIMUM SUSTAINED WIND SPEED. IN ADDITION, THIS PROJECT WILL SUPPORT UNDERGRADUATE STUDENT RESEARCH, AN UNDERGRADUATE MENTORSHIP PROGRAM, A SCHOLARSHIP FOR A HIGH ACHIEVING STUDENT, AND OUTREACH ACTIVITIES THAT WILL HELP COMMUNITIES SUSCEPTIBLE TO TROPICAL CYCLONES UNDERSTAND AND PREPARE FOR THEIR IMPACTS. THE PROJECT WILL USE A COMPREHENSIVE AIRBORNE DOPPLER RADAR DATASET TO EXAMINE HOW PRECIPITATION MODES PERTURB KINEMATIC FIELDS SUCH AS THE THREE-DIMENSIONAL VELOCITY, VERTICAL VORTICITY, DIVERGENCE, AND ABSOLUTE ANGULAR MOMENTUM. SINCE AIRBORNE RADAR DATA DOES NOT CONTAIN THERMODYNAMIC MEASUREMENTS, THE PROJECT WILL USE A FULL PHYSICS NUMERICAL WEATHER PREDICTION MODEL TO FURTHER EXPLORE IF PRECIPITATION MODES ARE MORE CLOSELY ASSOCIATED WITH KINEMATIC PERTURBATIONS OR THERMODYNAMIC PERTURBATIONS SUCH AS IN HUMIDITY. FURTHERMORE, THE PROJECT WILL SHOW HOW PRECIPITATION MODES LEAD TO DIFFERING DIABATIC HEATING PROFILES AND WILL USE A LINEAR MODEL TO EXAMINE HOW THE DIABATIC HEATING PROFILES LEAD TO CHANGES IN MEAN VORTEX STRUCTURE. THE IMPACTS OF PRECIPITATION WILL BE EVALUATED IN ENVIRONMENTS WITH DIFFERING VERTICAL WIND SHEAR MAGNITUDES, WHICH CAN IMPACT THE DISTRIBUTION OF THE PRECIPITATION MODES. THE RESULTS OF THIS PROJECT WILL LEAD TO A NEW HOLISTIC MODEL ABOUT THE ROLE OF DIFFERENT PRECIPITATION MODES IN TROPICAL CYCLONES AND HOW THAT ROLE IS CONTROLLED BY DIFFERENT VERTICAL WIND SHEAR ENVIRONMENTS. THIS AWARD REFLECTS NSF'S STATUTORY MISSION AND HAS BEEN DEEMED WORTHY OF SUPPORT THROUGH EVALUATION USING THE FOUNDATION'S INTELLECTUAL MERIT AND BROADER IMPACTS REVIEW CRITERIA.- SUBAWARDS ARE NOT PLANNED FOR THIS AWARD.

MAINTAIN & DEVELOP AN OUTREACH EDUCATION PROGRAM TO BE DELIVERED TO AIRPORT MANAGEMENT & OPERATING PERSONNEL, FLIGHT CREWS, AND AIR TRAFFIC CONTROLL

STATISTICAL CORRELATION STUDY BETWEEN SOLAR WIND, MAGNETOSHEATH AND PLASMA SHEET PROPERTIES THE PROPOSED WORK WILL STUDY THE DEPENDENCE OF PLASMA SHE

INTEGRATED MULTISCALE COMPUTATIONAL AND EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS ON FRACTURE OF ADDITIVELY MANUFACTURED POLYMER COMPOSITES -THIS PROJECT WILL CREATE NEW COMPUTATIONAL CAPABILITIES USING EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS TO UNDERSTAND FRACTURE AND FAILURE IN 3D PRINTED POLYMER COMPOSITES. 3D PRINTING IS TRANSITIONING FROM DEMONSTRATIVE PROTOTYPES TO FUNCTIONAL PRODUCTS THAT IMPACT A WIDE RANGE OF INDUSTRIAL SECTORS. HOWEVER, MANY POLYMER-BASED 3D PRINTED PARTS ARE PRONE TO FRACTURE AND FAILURE. THIS LIMITS THEIR APPLICATIONS IN LOAD-BEARING COMPONENTS. VARIOUS POLYMER COMPOSITE FILAMENTS REINFORCED WITH PARTICLES AND/OR FIBERS ARE BEING DEVELOPED TO IMPROVE THE PERFORMANCE OF 3D PRINTED COMPONENTS. THE CURRENT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ARE HINDERED BY THE COMPLEX VARIABILITIES OF 3D PRINTING. IT THUS LARGELY REMAINS IN A TRIAL-AND-ERROR STAGE WITH INSUFFICIENT SCIENTIFIC GUIDANCE. THIS PROJECT WILL DEVELOP A SCIENCE-BASED STRATEGY THAT COMBINES COMPUTATIONAL MODELING AND SIMULATIONS WITH AN OPTIMAL SUITE OF EXPERIMENTS. THIS APPROACH HELPS TO GAIN A FUNDAMENTAL UNDERSTANDING OF MULTISCALE FRACTURE AS WELL AS TO QUANTIFY UNCERTAINTIES ASSOCIATED WITH 3D PRINTED POLYMER COMPOSITES. THE NEW KNOWLEDGE ACHIEVED THROUGH THIS RESEARCH CAN DEVELOP NEW TECHNOLOGIES FOR 3D PRINTING OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE COMPONENTS. THE OUTCOMES OF THIS RESEARCH CAN BE APPLIED TO A BROAD ARRAY OF INDUSTRIES. THE RESEARCH WILL BE COMPLEMENTED BY EDUCATIONAL AND OUTREACH ACTIVITIES. THESE INCLUDE CURRICULUM ENHANCEMENTS, HANDS-ON 3D PRINTING WORKSHOPS, AND STEM EDUCATION PROGRAMS THAT ENGAGE K-12 AND UNDERREPRESENTED MINORITY STUDENTS. THIS PROJECT WILL TAKE ON THE CHALLENGES OF QUANTIFYING THE PROCESS-STRUCTURE-PROPERTY-PERFORMANCE RELATIONSHIP AND DERIVING MULTISCALE FRACTURE MECHANICS MECHANISMS FOR ADDITIVELY MANUFACTURED POLYMER COMPOSITES. ALTHOUGH ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING IS CAPABLE OF PRINTING PARTS WITH RELATIVELY COMPLEX GEOMETRIES, SEVERAL FUNDAMENTAL ISSUES MUST BE ADDRESSED BEFORE AM CAN ADVANCE TO PRODUCING FUNCTIONAL COMPOSITES. CURRENT LIMITATIONS INCLUDE MICROSTRUCTURAL DEFECTS DUE TO STRONG THERMAL GRADIENTS INDUCED DURING MANUFACTURING, HETEROGENEOUS INTERFACE BONDING CONDITIONS, AND LARGE FRACTURE AND FAILURE PERFORMANCE VARIATIONS. THE RESEARCH OBJECTIVES OF THIS PROJECT THUS INCLUDE: 1) DEVELOPING DIRECT MESOSCALE SIMULATIONS CAPABLE OF PREDICTING THERMO-MECHANICAL-CHEMICAL COUPLING AND FLUID-STRUCTURE INTERACTIONS DURING THE ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING PROCESS, WHICH WILL ADDRESS FUNDAMENTAL QUESTIONS OF HOW MOTIONS AND DEFORMATIONS, TEMPERATURE GRADIENTS, MELTING/SOLIDIFICATION BETWEEN FILAMENTS AND REINFORCED PARTICLES/FIBERS INTERPLAY WITH ONE OTHER IN ASSOCOATION WITH MICRO-CRACK NUCLEATION AND PROPAGATION; 2) DERIVING MULTISCALE MODELING OF FRACTURE BASED ON MACHINE LEARNING OF MICRO-CRACK SIMULATIONS AND PHASE-FIELD MODELS OF MACRO-CRACK PREDICTIONS, WITH IN-SITU MONITORING OF MANUFACTURING PROCESSES AND MULTISCALE EXPERIMENTAL CHARACTERIZATIONS BEING USED FOR DIRECT MODEL VALIDATIONS; AND 3) DEVELOPING AN OPTIMAL MODEL-BASED UNCERTAINTY QUANTIFICATION PROTOCOL THAT ORGANIZES COMPUTATIONAL AND EXPERIMENTAL ACTIVITIES TO VALIDATE THE MODEL, INVESTIGATE PARAMETER SENSITIVITIES, AND QUANTIFY PROCESS/PROPERTY VARIATIONS. THE RESEARCH OUTCOMES WILL ADVANCE FUNDAMENTAL KNOWLEDGE OF THE COMPLEX INTERPLAY BETWEEN ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING PROCESS PARAMETERS AND FRACTURE BEHAVIORS. THIS AWARD REFLECTS NSF'S STATUTORY MISSION AND HAS BEEN DEEMED WORTHY OF SUPPORT THROUGH EVALUATION USING THE FOUNDATION'S INTELLECTUAL MERIT AND BROADER IMPACTS REVIEW CRITERIA.- SUBAWARDS ARE NOT PLANNED FOR THIS AWARD.

COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: OBSERVATIONS AND ANALYSIS OF WAVE-INDUCED CONSTITUENT TRANSPORT IN THE MESOPAUSE REGION ABOVE CERRO PACHON, CHILE AND TABLE M

MRI: ACQUISITION OF A SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPE FOR CROSS-DISCIPLINARY RESEARCH, EDUCATION AND COMMUNITY OUTREACH

MAINTAIN & DEVELOP AN OUTREACH EDUCATION PROGRAM TO BE DELIVERED TO AIRPORT MANAGEMENT & OPERATING PERSONNEL, FLIGHT CREWS, AND AIR TRAFFIC CONTROLL

REU SITE: RESEARCH PROJECTS IN DATA-ENABLED INDUSTRIAL MATHEMATICS

TAS::57 3600::TAS 'INVESTIGATION OF LOAD PATH BASED TOPOLOGY OPTIMIZATION, DATED 01 JUN 2016 ' (THE GRANTEE'S TECHNICAL PROPOSAL)

THE INSTITUTION PROPOSES A NEW SOUNDING ROCKET MISSION TO PROVIDE THE FIRST DIRECT MEASUREMENTS OF THE INTRINSIC AMBIPOLAR ELECTRIC POTENTIAL GENERATED BY EARTH'S IONOSPHERE ACROSS THE CRITICALLY IMPORTANT EXOBASE TRANSITION REGION (200KM - 800KM); ENERGY INPUT INTO WHICH IS MORE EFFECTIVE IN GENERATING IONOSPHERIC OUTFLOW THAN IF IT WERE INPUT AT HIGHER ALTITUDES WERE THE PLASMA FLOW IS SUPERSONIC (LEER AND HOLZER 1980). ENDURANCE WILL BE THE FIRST MISSION CAPABLE OF RESOLVING EARTH'S ELECTRIC POTENTIAL DROP DETERMINING ITS VERTICAL STRUCTURE AND INVESTIGATING KEY UNDERLYING PHYSICS.

FISCAL YEAR 2025 DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE CHIEF INFORMATION OFFICER CYBER SERVICE ACADEMY SCHOLARSHIPS: EMBRY-RIDDLE AERONAUTICAL UNIVERSITY

BUBBLY WATER SHIELDING FOR JET NOISE REDUCTION

MTEX SEEKS TO UNDERSTAND THE GENERATION AND STRUCTURE OF ATMOSPHERIC TURBULENCE. SPECIFICALLY THE PROPOSAL SEEKS SUPPORT TO MAKE ROCKET-BORNE MEASURE

MULTI‐MODAL SENSOR FUSION FOR ASV SITUATIONAL AWARENESS

A DATA ANALYTICS FRAMEWORK FOR THE APPLICATION OF PEDESTRIAN DYNAMICS TO PUBLIC HEALTH - PROJECT SUMMARY: THE LOCAL MOVEMENT AND INTERACTION PATTERNS OF INDIVIDUALS CONGREGATED IN PUBLIC LOCATIONS, SUCH AS ENTERTAINMENT VENUES AND TRANSPORTATION HUBS, IMPACTS PUBLIC HEALTH IN MYRIAD WAYS. FOR INSTANCE, INFECTIOUS DISEASE TRANSMISSION IN CROWDED AREAS, SUCH AS THE 2016 MEASLES OUTBREAK IN DISNEY WORLD THAT RESULTED IN 125 CASES, IS AFFECTED BY THE EVOLUTION OF THE PEDESTRIAN CONTACT NETWORK. IN SUCH CONTEXTS, MATHEMATICAL MODELS CAN BE USED TO EXPLORE DIFFERENT “WHAT IF” SCENARIOS FOR PLANNING PUBLIC HEALTH INTERVENTIONS. FOR EXAMPLE, PEDESTRIAN MOBILITY MODELS COULD HELP IN THE DESIGN OF PUBLIC SPACES AND POLICIES THAT REDUCE CONTACTS TO MITIGATE DISEASE SPREAD OR ENCOURAGE WALKING TO IMPROVE HEALTH OUTCOMES. HOWEVER, CONVENTIONAL MODELS EITHER IGNORE HUMAN MOVEMENT OR RELY ON COARSE-SCALE FEATURES OF HUMAN MOVEMENT, WHICH LIMITS THE TYPES OF PUBLIC HEALTH INTERVENTIONS THAT CAN BE ATTEMPTED. UNDERSTANDING THE FINE-SCALE MOVEMENT AND INTERACTION PATTERNS OF PEOPLE CAN HELP DESIGN EFFECTIVE POLICIES AND SPATIAL LAYOUTS TO BETTER ENGINEER SUITABLE MOVEMENT AND INTERACTION PATTERNS FOR IMPROVED PUBLIC HEALTH OUTCOMES IN SEVERAL DOMAINS. PARTICLE DYNAMICS PROVIDES A MODELING METHODOLOGY TO STUDY MOVEMENT AND INTERACTIONS FROM THE CELLULAR TO THE POPULATION LEVEL. OUR LONG-TERM GOAL IS TO CREATE A DATA-DRIVEN COMPUTATIONAL INFRASTRUCTURE FOR PARTICLE DYNAMICS, TARGETING PUBLIC HEALTH APPLICATIONS. THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS PROPOSAL IS TO DEVELOP AND EVALUATE AN APPLICATION-AGNOSTIC PEDESTRIAN DYNAMICS MODEL, WHICH CONSIDERS EACH HUMAN TO BE A PARTICLE. HERE, WE WILL SIMULATE THE FINE-SCALED MOVEMENT OF PEOPLE IN SEVERAL CRITICAL PUBLIC HEALTH CONTEXTS. IN PRELIMINARY WORK, WE HAVE SHOWN THAT SUCH MODELS CAN ACCURATELY SIMULATE FINE-SCALE MOVEMENT PATTERNS ON A SMALL-SCALE, YIELDING EFFECTIVE POLICIES TO REDUCE INFECTION SPREAD WHILE BOARDING PLANES AND MOVING IN QUEUES. HOWEVER, DIRECTLY SCALING THIS TO MORE COMPLEX SITUATIONS, SUCH AS AN ENTIRE THEME PARK, IS DIFFICULT DUE TO INHERENT VARIABILITY IN HUMAN MOVEMENT PATTERNS. IN THIS PROPOSAL, WE WILL APPLY NOVEL DATA SOURCES, SUCH AS LOCATION-BASED SERVICES (FROM CELL PHONE APPS) TO AUGMENT SUCH MODELS. OUR CENTRAL HYPOTHESIS IS THAT COMBINING LOCATION-BASED SERVICE (LBS) DATA WITH PEDESTRIAN DYNAMICS MODELING CAN UNCOVER MOVEMENT PATTERNS OF PEOPLE IN COMPLEX SITUATIONS WITH MANY PUBLIC HEALTH APPLICATIONS. IN AIM 1, WE WILL DEVELOP AN APPLICATION-AGNOSTIC PEDESTRIAN DYNAMICS MODELING FRAMEWORK THAT ASSIMILATES LBS DATA. WE WILL COMPARE OUR APPROACH TO METHODS THAT DO NOT UTILIZE LBS IN ORDER TO EVALUATE ACCURACY OF HUMAN MOVEMENT ACROSS MULTIPLE SCENARIOS. IN AIM 2, WE WILL APPLY THE PEDESTRIAN MOVEMENT AND INTERACTION INFORMATION TO A VARIETY OF PUBLIC HEALTH DOMAINS. THESE INCLUDE: VIRAL INFECTION SPREAD AT LOCAL AND GLOBAL SCALES, ENHANCING WALKABILITY FOR ACTIVE AGING, AND SAFE EVACUATION OF THE ELDERLY. FINALLY, IN AIM 3, WE WILL TRANSLATE OUR PEDESTRIAN DYNAMICS MODELING FRAMEWORK INTO PUBLIC HEALTH PRACTICE. WE WILL PROVIDE OUR PLATFORM TO DIFFERENT STAKEHOLDERS AND OBTAIN FEEDBACK ON USER SATISFACTION TO IMPROVE THE SYSTEM DESIGN.

REU SITE: SWARMS OF UNMANNED AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS IN THE AGE OF AI/MACHINE LEARNING -EMBRY-RIDDLE AERONAUTICAL UNIVERSITY ESTABLISHES A NEW RESEARCH EXPERIENCES FOR UNDERGRADUATES (REU) SITE TO ENGAGE PARTICIPANTS IN RESEARCH IN DRONE SWARMS. THE EMERGING CONCEPT OF DRONE SWARMS, WHICH IS DEFINED AS THE ABILITY OF DRONES TO AUTONOMOUSLY MAKE DECISIONS BASED ON SHARED INFORMATION, CREATES NEW OPPORTUNITIES WITH MAJOR SOCIETAL IMPLICATIONS. HOWEVER, FUTURE DRONE SWARM APPLICATIONS AND SERVICES POSE NEW NETWORKING CHALLENGES. A RESURGENCE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND MACHINE LEARNING RESEARCH PRESENTS A TREMENDOUS OPPORTUNITY FOR ADDRESSING THESE NETWORKING CHALLENGES. THERE IS AN OVERWHELMING NEED TO FOSTER A ROBUST WORKFORCE WITH COMPETENCIES TO ENABLE FUTURE DRONE SWARM APPLICATIONS AND SERVICES IN THE AGE OF AI/MACHINE LEARNING. THE PROJECT ESTABLISHES A NEW RESEARCH EXPERIENCES FOR UNDERGRADUATES (REU) SITE WITH A FOCUS ON NETWORKING RESEARCH FOR DRONE SWARMS IN THE AGE OF AI/MACHINE LEARNING AT EMBRY-RIDDLE AERONAUTICAL UNIVERSITY. THE GOALS OF THE REU SITE ARE: (1) ATTRACT UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS TO STATE-OF-THE-ART DRONE SWARM RESEARCH, ESPECIALLY THOSE FROM UNDERREPRESENTED GROUPS, AND FROM INSTITUTIONS WITH LIMITED OPPORTUNITIES; (2) DEVELOP THE RESEARCH CAPACITY OF PARTICIPANTS BY GUIDING THEM TO PERFORM RESEARCH ON DRONE SWARMS; (3) GROW THE PARTICIPANTS? TECHNICAL SKILLS TO ENABLE A WIDE VARIETY OF BENEFICIAL APPLICATIONS OF DRONE SWARMS; (4) PROMOTE THE PARTICIPANTS? INTEGRATED AI/MACHINE LEARNING AND DRONE SWARM COMPETENCIES; AND (5) PREPARE PARTICIPANTS WITH PROFESSIONAL SKILLS FOR CAREERS. THE FOCUS OF THE REU SITE IS ON THE DESIGN, ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION OF INNOVATIVE COMPUTING AND NETWORKING TECHNOLOGIES FOR FUTURE DRONE SWARM APPLICATIONS AND SERVICES. TO BE SPECIFIC, RESEARCH ACTIVITIES WILL BE CONDUCTED IN THREE FOCUS AREAS, NOTABLY DYNAMIC NETWORK MANAGEMENT, NETWORK PROTOCOL DESIGN, AND OPERATIONALIZING AI/MACHINE LEARNING FOR DRONE SWARMS. EACH YEAR EIGHT UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS WILL PARTICIPATE IN A TEN-WEEK SUMMER REU PROGRAM TO PERFORM NETWORKING RESEARCH FOR DRONE SWARMS UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF RESEARCH MENTORS WITH RICH EXPERIENCES IN AI/MACHINE LEARNING AND DRONE SWARMS. THIS REU SITE IS EXPECTED TO FOSTER WORKFORCE KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS ABOUT DEVELOPING NEW COMPUTING AND NETWORKING TECHNOLOGIES FOR FUTURE DRONE SWARM APPLICATIONS AND SERVICES. THIS SITE IS SUPPORTED BY THE DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE ASSURE PROGRAM IN PARTNERSHIP WITH THE NSF REU PROGRAM. THIS AWARD REFLECTS NSF'S STATUTORY MISSION AND HAS BEEN DEEMED WORTHY OF SUPPORT THROUGH EVALUATION USING THE FOUNDATION'S INTELLECTUAL MERIT AND BROADER IMPACTS REVIEW CRITERIA.

THE GOALS OF THIS ADAP PROJECT IS TO ENHANCE OUR DERSTANDING OF STELLAR EVOLUTION IN THE AREAS OF MASS LOSS, CONVECTION, AND THE PHYSICS OF COOLING

GEM: EXPERIMENTAL IDENTIFICATION OF PLASMA WAVE MODES IN VICINITY OF KELVIN-HELMHOLTZ (KH) VORTICES AND IN PLASMA 'MIXING' REGIONS IN LOW LATITUDE BOUNDARY LAYER

COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: CHARACTERIZING HIGH-LATITUDE IONOSPHERIC FLUID TURBULENCE AND RADIO SCINTILLATION WITH NEW OBSERVATIONS AND DATA-DRIVEN MODELING

NSF-BSF: A SELF-SUSTAINING WIND ENERGY EXTRACTION TECHNIQUE (SWEET) USING MULTI-LEVEL CONTROL DESIGN METHODS

NOVEL UNDERWATER VEHICLE USING BUOYANCY AND WINGS

WE PROPOSE AN INVESTIGATION OF EARTHQUAKE AND VOLCANO-DRIVEN PERTURBATIONS TO THE IONOSPHERE VIA COUPLING BY ACOUSTIC AND GRAVITY WAVES, USING NOVEL

THE IMPACT OF PEER-LED LEARNING ON NON-TRADITIONAL STUDENTS IN ONLINE ENGINEERING COURSES -THIS PROJECT AIMS TO SERVE THE NATIONAL INTEREST BY IDENTIFYING BEST PRACTICES FOR IMPROVING THE PERSISTENCE AND ADVANCEMENT OF ADULT AND VETERAN STUDENTS PURSUING ONLINE ENGINEERING DEGREES. THROUGH THE INTRODUCTION OF PEER LEADERS AND SYNCHRONOUS RECITATION SESSIONS, STUDENTS WILL RECEIVE ADDITIONAL SUPPORT BEYOND WHAT IS TRADITIONALLY OFFERED IN ONLINE MODALITIES. MOREOVER, PEER-LED TEAM LEARNING ENVIRONMENTS CREATE SAFE HAVENS WHERE FOUNDATIONAL MATH AND ENGINEERING PRINCIPLES MAY BE EXPLORED OUTSIDE THE INSTRUCTOR-STUDENT HIERARCHICAL STRUCTURE. LEARNING FROM FELLOW STUDENTS WHO RECENTLY COMPLETED THE COURSE CAN PROVIDE MOTIVATION, CONTEXT, AND EXAMPLE FOR UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS, ESPECIALLY THOSE FROM ADULT AND VETERAN POPULATIONS WHO MAY NOT BE COMFORTABLE WITH ONLINE LEARNING OR PERHAPS HAVE BEEN OUT OF THE FORMAL ACADEMIC ENVIRONMENT FOR SOME TIME. THE INTENT OF THE STUDY IS TO INFORM INSTRUCTIONAL PRACTICE THAT OTHER INSTITUTIONS CAN LEVERAGE TO BETTER SUPPORT NON-TRADITIONAL STUDENTS IN ONLINE PROGRAMS. THE PROJECT WILL PRODUCE A PEER LEADER TRAINING CURRICULUM AND PEER-LED TEAM LEARNING ACTIVITIES FOR INTRODUCTORY ENGINEERING COURSES INCLUDING STATICS, AERODYNAMICS, AND DIGITAL CIRCUITS. IN IDENTIFYING SOCIAL AND ACADEMIC FACTORS UNDER WHICH STUDENTS? EXPERIENCES IN PEER-LED TEAM LEARNING PRODUCE BETTER ACADEMIC OUTCOMES, THIS PROJECT HOPES TO ADVANCE PEDAGOGICAL APPROACHES FOR ADDITIONAL UNDERREPRESENTED POPULATIONS AND CONTRIBUTE TO THE INCREASING BREADTH OF KNOWLEDGE FOR THE ONLINE EDUCATION COMMUNITY. PEER-LED TEAM LEARNING HAS PROVEN TO BE EFFECTIVE IN FACE-TO-FACE CLASSROOM SETTINGS. THE SCOPE OF THE CURRENT PROJECT IS TO IMPLEMENT SIMILAR STRUCTURAL AND PEDAGOGICAL PRACTICES THROUGH DEVELOPMENT OF A SUSTAINABLE ONLINE MODEL THAT IS TRANSFERABLE TO OTHER INSTITUTIONS. GOALS FOR THIS PROJECT INCLUDE INCREASING COMMITMENT TO ONLINE ENGINEERING PATHWAYS, IMPROVING STUDENT PERSISTENCE AND ADVANCEMENT IN ONLINE ENGINEERING PROGRAMS, AND IDENTIFYING AND MITIGATING CULTURAL AND STRUCTURAL BARRIERS ASSOCIATED WITH NON-TRADITIONAL STUDENT POPULATIONS. EVIDENCE FROM THE STUDY WILL BE COLLECTED FROM STUDENTS ENROLLED ACROSS MULTIPLE SECTIONS OF INTRODUCTORY ENGINEERING COURSES AND EVALUATED AGAINST CONTROL SECTIONS IN DEVELOPING A COMPREHENSIVE SET OF BEST PRACTICES. RESULTS WILL ADVANCE OUR UNDERSTANDING OF PEER-LED TEAM LEARNING ACTIVITIES? ABILITY TO PRODUCE BOTH STATISTICALLY SIGNIFICANT AND SUBSTANTIALLY GREATER GAINS IN NON-TRADITIONAL STUDENTS? ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE AND IDENTITY DEVELOPMENT AS PART OF THE ENGINEERING COMMUNITY. THE EHR PROGRAM SUPPORTS RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS TO IMPROVE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF STEM EDUCATION FOR ALL STUDENTS. THROUGH THE ENGAGED STUDENT LEARNING TRACK, THE PROGRAM SUPPORTS THE CREATION, EXPLORATION, AND IMPLEMENTATION OF PROMISING PRACTICES AND TOOLS. THIS AWARD REFLECTS NSF'S STATUTORY MISSION AND HAS BEEN DEEMED WORTHY OF SUPPORT THROUGH EVALUATION USING THE FOUNDATION'S INTELLECTUAL MERIT AND BROADER IMPACTS REVIEW CRITERIA.

23-RIA23-0064 EMPOWERING UNDERGRADUATES: DEVELOPING PASSIVE SELF-HEALING SENSORS TO DETECT MICROMETEORITES

THE RESPONSE OF WALL TURBULENCE TO LARGE?SCALE, SPACE?TIME PERTURBATIONS

HIGH RESOLUTION SPECTROSCOPY OF THE ZODIACAL CLOUD: UNDERSTANDING THE NEAR-EARTH DUST ENVIRONMENT

NONLINEAR MAGNETOSPHERE-IONOSPHERE INTERACTIONS IN THE SUB-AURORAL ZONE.

UNDERGRADUATE RESEARCH IN A FULLY ONLINE ENGINEERING PROGRAM: EFFECTS ON RETENTION, PERSISTENCE, PERFORMANCE, STEM ATTITUDES AND IDENTITY

REU SITE: CYBERSECURITY RESEARCH OF UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES

MRI: ACQUISITION OF A HIGH POWER, TUNABLE DIODE LASER TO UPGRADE THE NA LIDAR SYSTEM AT THE ANDES LIDAR OBSERVATORY

COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: CEDAR--SHORT WAVE INFRARED IMAGING OF THE MEINEL 0-0 AURORAL AND THE METASTABLE HELIUM 1083 NM AIRGLOW EMISSIONS FOR AURORAL PHYSICS AND AERONOMY STUDIES -THIS PROPOSAL TAKES ADVANTAGE OF AN EXISTING SHORT WAVELENGTH INFRARED (SWIR) ALL-SKY IMAGER AND IS AN EXAMPLE OF ADVANCES IN TECHNOLOGY THAT HAS ENABLED MEASUREMENTS IN THE LEAST STUDIED SPECTRAL REGION SPANNING 800 ? 1700 NM WAVELENGTH RANGE. THE INVESTIGATORS PLAN TO UTILIZE THIS INSTRUMENT TO MAP MESOSCALE SPATIAL BRIGHTNESS STRUCTURES TO STUDY AURORAL AND AIRGLOW EMISSIONS. THE PROJECT AIMS TO INVESTIGATE THE ROLE OF ALFV?NIC WAVES IN GENERATING AURORAL ARCS AND TO MEASURE METASTABLE HELIUM (HE) AND THE ASSOCIATED DYNAMICS. ALFV?N WAVES ARE TRAVELLING ION OSCILLATIONS AND MAGNETIC FIELD TENSION IN THE PLASMA, WHICH PROPAGATE ALONG GEOMAGNETIC FIELD LINES, AND TRANSPORT ENERGY. ELECTRONS ARE ACCELERATED DURING THE ALFV?NIC WAVE PROPAGATION, WHICH PLAYS A DOMINANT ROLE IN MAGNETOSPHERE-IONOSPHERE (MI) COUPLING THROUGH THEIR INTERACTIONS WITH IONOSPHERIC IONS. TO EXAMINE THE ROLE OF THE ALFV?NIC AURORA RELATIVE TO THE ELECTRON AURORA, MIDNIGHT OBSERVATIONS WOULD BE CONSIDERED, SINCE DURING THIS TIME ALFVEN WAVES ARE MORE DOMINANT. SUPPLEMENTAL OBSERVATIONS BY THE INSTRUMENTS CURRENTLY OPERATING AT POKER FLAT, WHICH INCLUDE MERIDIAN SCANNING PHOTOMETERS, ALL SKY 630.0/557.7/482.1 IMAGERS, AND THE POKER FLAT INCOHERENT SCATTER RADAR (PFISR) ARE ALSO PLANNED. THE PROPOSAL SEEKS FUNDS TO ADDRESS TWO SCIENCE QUESTIONS (SQ): (I) WHAT IS THE ROLE OF ALFV?N WAVES IN EXCITING AURORAL ARCS AND FORMS AS COMPARED WITH MONOENERGETIC PARTICLE INFLUX PRODUCING AURORAL EMISSION? AND (II) WHAT IS THE EXOSPHERIC DENSITY VARIABILITY IN THE POLAR ATMOSPHERE OVER VARIOUS TIME SCALES BETWEEN MINUTES AND DAYS? TO INVESTIGATE THE FIRST SQ, THE PROPOSERS PLAN TO COMBINE SWIR OBSERVATIONS WITH OTHER INSTRUMENTS AS OUTLINED IN THE FIRST PARAGRAPH, WHILE THE SECOND SQ WILL BE EXPLORED THROUGH THE OBSERVATIONS OF METASTABLE HE EMISSIONS AT 1083 NM, WHICH POSSIBLY ACTS AS A TRACER OF EXOSPHERIC DENSITY. ADDRESSING ALFV?N PRECIPITATION WILL CONTRIBUTE TO (A) THERMOSPHERIC RESPONSES THAT IMPACT ATMOSPHERIC DRAG CALCULATIONS AND (B) ENHANCE MAGNETOSPHERE-IONOSPHERE INTERACTIONS. OBSERVATIONS OF EXOSPHERIC METASTABLE HE 1083 NM BRIGHTNESS AND ITS COMPARISON WITH TIEGCM WOULD PROVIDE NEW INSIGHTS INTO EXOSPHERIC DYNAMICS AND TOTAL ATMOSPHERIC DENSITY VARIATIONS RELEVANT TO LOW EARTH ORBIT (LEO) ATMOSPHERIC DRAG AND HOW IT RESPONDS TO CHANGES IN GEOMAGNETIC ACTIVITY AND SOLAR FLUX, HENCE BENEFITTING SPACE WEATHER RESEARCH. THE PROPOSAL WILL INVOLVE SEVERAL UNDERGRADUATE/GRADUATE STUDENTS AND WILL PROVIDE SUPPORT TO AN EARLY CAREER RESEARCHER. THIS AWARD HAS BEEN MADE POSSIBLE THROUGH CO-FUNDING FROM THE GEO DIRECTORATE RESERVE FUNDS TO BROADEN PARTICIPATION OF EPSCOR AND ERI INSTITUTIONS. THIS AWARD REFLECTS NSF'S STATUTORY MISSION AND HAS BEEN DEEMED WORTHY OF SUPPORT THROUGH EVALUATION USING THE FOUNDATION'S INTELLECTUAL MERIT AND BROADER IMPACTS REVIEW CRITERIA.- SUBAWARDS ARE NOT PLANNED FOR THIS AWARD.

YOUMATTER: WELLEAGLE - ABSTRACT THE EMBRY-RIDDLE AERONAUTICAL UNIVERSITY (ERAU) YOUMATTER: WELLEAGLE: INITIATIVE PROMOTES A COMPREHENSIVE APPROACH TO ASSESS THE HEALTH STATUS AND NEEDS OF THE CAMPUS COMMUNITY BY EXPANDING THE CURRENT INFRASTRUCTURE AND CAPACITY TO CLOSE THE GAPS IN CARE. THE GOALS ARE DESIGNED TO EXPAND EFFORTS, PROMOTE WELLNESS AND HELP-SEEKING BEHAVIOR OF ALL STUDENTS AS WELL AS PROVIDE SPECIFIC OUTREACH TO VULNERABLE STUDENTS SUCH AS VETERANS AND THOSE STRUGGLING WITH CO-OCCURRING DISORDERS. THE ERAU STUDENT POPULATION CONSISTS OF SEVERAL KNOWN HIGH-RISK POPULATIONS; MALES, VETERANS/MILITARY/AVIATION, LGBTQ+, AND INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS, WHICH SUPPORTS OUR NEED TO CREATE A MENTAL HEALTH CARE INFRASTRUCTURE TO BETTER SERVE THESE POPULATIONS. THE INITIATIVES STATED IN THIS PROPOSAL WILL ALSO SPECIFICALLY FOCUS ON TRAINING FACULTY AND STAFF AS THEY ARE OFTEN ON THE FRONT LINES OF RECOGNIZING STUDENTS IN DISTRESS. THE YOUMATTER: WELLEAGLE INITIATIVE WILL PROVIDE SERVICES TO 500 UNDUPLICATED STUDENTS PER YEAR FOR A TOTAL OF 1,500 OVER THE COURSE OF THE THREE YEAR AWARD PERIOD. THE PROGRAM GOALS INCLUDE: 1. INCREASE CLINICAL STAFFING TO FOCUS EXCLUSIVELY ON SUICIDE PREVENTION EFFORTS BY HIRING A SUICIDE PREVENTION COORDINATOR (SPC) TO ASSIST IN CARRYING OUT THE OBJECTIVES OF THE PROPOSAL. 2. DEVELOP A NETWORK INFRASTRUCTURE TO LINK CAMPUS COMMUNITY AND INCREASE AWARENESS OF SUICIDE RISK FACTORS SUCH AS DEPRESSION AND SUBSTANCE USE, WARNING SIGNS, PREVENTION STRATEGIES AND RESOURCES SPECIFICALLY FOR HIGH RISK POPULATIONS THROUGH INFORMATIONAL / EDUCATIONAL TRAININGS. 3. TRAIN COLLEGE STUDENTS, FACULTY AND STAFF TO RESPOND EFFECTIVELY TO COLLEGE STUDENTS WITH MENTAL HEALTH AND SUBSTANCE USE DISORDERS. 4. ADMINISTER VOLUNTARY MENTAL HEALTH AND SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER SCREENINGS AND ASSESSMENTS AS WELL AS PREPARE/OBTAIN INFORMATIONAL MATERIALS SPECIFIC TO THE ERAU COMMUNITY TO HELP IDENTIFY AT-RISK STUDENTS AS WELL AS INCREASE THE AWARENESS OF SUICIDE PREVENTION. 5. FURTHER DEVELOP A CRISIS RESPONSE PLAN THAT ENCOMPASSES NOT ONLY THE ERAU-DB CAMPUS COMMUNITY BUT THE GREATER DAYTONA BEACH COMMUNITY. 6. JOIN THE JED FOUNDATION AND THE JED CAMPUS PROGRAM TO HELP ENSURE ERAU-DB HAS THE STRONGEST POSSIBLE MENTAL HEALTH SAFETY NETS BY EVALUATING AND STRENGTHENING OUR MENTAL HEALTH, SUBSTANCE MISUSE AND SUICIDE PREVENTION PROGRAM. SOME OBJECTIVES OF THE YOUMATTER: WELLEAGLE WILL INCLUDE ARE TO: 1. HIRE A SUICIDE PREVENTION COORDINATOR (SPC) WHO WILL ASSIST IN CARRYING OUT THE OBJECTIVES OF THE GRANT INCLUDING WORKING WITH THE JED FOUNDATION AND OUR PEER PROGRAMS. 2. CREATE A MENTAL HEALTH LITERACY PROGRAM TO BETTER INFORM THE CAMPUS COMMUNITY ABOUT IDENTIFYING AND REFERRING AT-RISK STUDENTS. 3. INCREASE THE NUMBER OF GATEKEEPER TRAINERS AND TRAININGS, AND 4. PROVIDE ANNUAL/SEMESTER SCREENINGS TO IDENTIFY AT-RISK STUDENTS. 5. WORK WITH THE JED FOUNDATION/CAMPUS THROUGH THEIR FUNDAMENTALS PROGRAM. OVERALL, OUR INSTITUTION CONSISTS OF KNOWN, HIGH-RISK POPULATIONS, AND OUR RESOURCES ARE LIMITED AS FAR AS BEING ABLE TO NOT ONLY KEEP UP WITH OUTREACH EFFORTS BUT TO EXPAND OUR EFFORTS, WHICH JUSTIFIES OUR NEED TO CREATE A MENTAL HEALTH CARE INFRASTRUCTURE TO BETTER SERVE OUR CAMPUS POPULATIONS.

HUMANISTIC STEM: BLENDING HUMANITIES AND STEM TO INCREASE UNDERGRADUATE STUDENT ENGAGEMENT, KNOWLEDGE, AND SKILLS

CPATH-2: COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: FROM MIDDLE SCHOOL TO INDUSTRY: VERTICAL INTEGRATION TO INSPIRE INTEREST IN COMPUTATIONAL THINKING

AVIATION AND HURRICANE RESEARCH UTILIZING UNMANNED AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS (UAS) THE PROJECT IS DESIGNED TO DEVELOP AND INTEGRATE A METEOROLOGICAL PAYLOAD F

HIGH ALTITUDE-RESOLUTION MEASUREMENT OF THE MESOSPHERIC OH EMISSION

GEM: WHISTLER-MODE WAVES IN THE RADIATION BELT: PROPAGATION AND WAVE-PARTICLE INTERACTIONS

ACTIVE CONTROL OF JET NOISE VIA BI-MODAL EXCITATION

UNDERSTANDING THE COUPLED INTERACTIONS BETWEEN HAIR-LIKE MICROMECHANORECEPTORS AND WALL TURBULENCE -THE PROPOSED RESEARCH WILL FOCUS ON UNDERSTANDING THE INTERACTIONS BETWEEN TURBULENT FLOWS AND LONG (HIGH ASPECT RATIO), FLEXIBLE HAIR-LIKE MICROSTRUCTURES OR MICROPILLARS INSPIRED BY THOSE ENCOUNTERED IN NATURE. SOME EXAMPLES INCLUDE LATERAL LINE SENSORS IN FISH, AIRFLOW SENSORS IN BATS AND HAIR COVER OF ANIMALS SUCH AS SEALS AND BATS. THESE STRUCTURES PERFORM SEVERAL PHYSIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS SUCH AS BALANCE AND EQUILIBRIUM SENSORS, FLOW SENSORS, FLIGHT CONTROL SENSORS, THERMAL REGULATORS AND WATER HARVESTERS. PARTICULARLY, HAIR-CELL SENSORS HAVE SUCH STRUCTURES WHICH IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE ANIMAL'S NERVOUS SYSTEM FORMS A MECHANORECEPTIVE DEVICE I.E., THEY TURN A FORCE OR DISPLACEMENT, IN RESPONSE TO THE FLOW ENERGY, INTO A NERVOUS SYSTEM RESPONSE. THESE STRUCTURES THAT VIBRATE IN RESPONSE TO THE BACKGROUND FLOW ARE ALSO IMPORTANT IN ENERGY HARVESTING SYSTEMS. HOWEVER, THESE INTERACTIONS ARE POORLY UNDERSTOOD PRIMARILY DUE TO THE COMPLEXITY OF THE UNDERLYING PHYSICS. CAPTURING THIS PHYSICS REQUIRES SIMULTANEOUS, COMBINED MEASUREMENTS OF THE MICROPILLAR MOTION AND THE FLOW VELOCITIES WHICH ARE CHALLENGING. THE PROPOSED RESEARCH WILL USE ADVANCED IMAGE-BASED FLOW DIAGNOSTIC TOOLS TO MEASURE IN DETAIL THE INTERACTIONS BETWEEN ARRAYS OF THESE MICROPILLARS AND THE BACKGROUND FLOW. THE PLANNED OUTREACH ACTIVITIES WILL TARGET A GROUP THAT IS ALMOST EXCLUSIVELY COMPRISED OF STUDENTS WHO ARE UNDER-REPRESENTED IN THE SCIENCES, WHILE ALSO BEING ECONOMICALLY DISADVANTAGED. THE GRADUATE STUDENT SUPPORTED WILL BE INVOLVED IN OUTREACH ACTIVITIES, INCULCATING A SPIRIT OF OUTREACH INTO THE NEXT GENERATION OF ENGINEERS. THE INTERACTIONS BETWEEN WALL TURBULENCE AND THESE MICROPILLARS OCCUR IN THE FOLLOWING MANNER. FLOW STRUCTURES OF SCALES SPANNING SEVERAL ORDERS OF MAGNITUDE, PRESENT WITHIN WALL TURBULENCE, EXCITES THE RESPONSE OF THE MICROPILLARS. THE DEFLECTION OR VIBRATORY RESPONSE OF THE MICROPILLARS WILL THEN FEEDBACK AND MODIFY THE NON-LINEAR, BACKGROUND TURBULENCE, RESULTING IN A NON-LINEARLY COUPLED SYSTEM. IN ADDITION, THIS INTERACTION OCCURRING AT THE WALL CAN AFFECT THE ENTIRE LAYER RESULTING IN A MULTISCALE INTERACTING LAYER. OF PARTICULAR INTEREST ARE ENERGY TRANSFER PATHWAYS BETWEEN THE MICROPILLARS AND THE BACKGROUND TURBULENCE. TO DESCRIBE THIS COUPLED INTERACTION AND THE ASSOCIATED ENERGY TRANSFER MECHANISMS, ADVANCED DIAGNOSTIC TOOLS SUCH AS MULTI-CAMERA, MULTI-RESOLUTION, MOSAICING PARTICLE IMAGE VELOCIMETRY WILL BE USED TO CAPTURE THE DYNAMICS OF THE BACKGROUND FLOW WHILE SIMULTANEOUSLY TRACKING THE MOTION OF RELEVANT MICROPILLARS USING PARTICLE TRACKING TECHNIQUES. TOGETHER THESE TOOLS WILL PROVIDE UNIQUE MULTISCALE MEASUREMENTS THAT WILL ELUCIDATE THE COUPLED PHYSICS, ADVANCING FIELDS RANGING FROM PHYSIOLOGY TO AEROSPACE ENGINEERING TO NON-LINEAR ENERGY SYSTEMS. THIS AWARD REFLECTS NSF'S STATUTORY MISSION AND HAS BEEN DEEMED WORTHY OF SUPPORT THROUGH EVALUATION USING THE FOUNDATION'S INTELLECTUAL MERIT AND BROADER IMPACTS REVIEW CRITERIA.

WE APPLY HIGH SPECTRAL RESOLUTION FABRY PEROT SPECTROSCOPY TO THE STUDY OF THE LUNAR SODIUM 5890 A EMISSIONS FOR THE DETAILED STUDY OF EXOSPHERIC EFF

CONFORMAL 3D ELECTOMAGNETIC STRUCTURES FOR RADAR APPLICATIONS

MAINTAIN & DEVELOP AN OUTREACH EDUCATION PROGRAM TO BE DELIVERED TO AIRPORT MANAGEMENT & OPERATING PERSONNEL, FLIGHT CREWS, AND AIR TRAFFIC CONTROLL

MAGNETOSPHERIC RESONANCES AT MIDDLE AND LOW LATITUDES

CAREER: MESOSPHERIC DYNAMICS DURING STRATOSPHERIC WARMING EVENTS

EFFORTS TO PRODUCE LONG-ENDURANCE SOLAR-POWERED AIRCRAFT WHICH DO OFFER LOCALIZED STATIONKEEPING HAVE BEEN UNDER DEVELOPMENT SINCE THE 1970'S. HOWEVER SOLAR AIRCRAFT HAVE STILL NOT BEEN ENTIRELY SUCCESSFUL DUE IN PART TO THE LARGE AMOUNT OF POWER THAT MUST BE STORED IN BATTERIES TO OPERATE PROPULSION OVERNIGHT. SOLAR AIRCRAFT ARE ALSO LIMITED BY THE SEASONAL AVAILABILITY OF SOLAR ENERGY AND DUE TO INABILITY TO ORIENT WINGS TOWARDS THE SUN TO IMPROVE ENERGY CAPTURE. AEROVIRONMENT'S HELIOS AIRCRAFT AND MORE RECENTLY AIRBUS'S ZEPHYR AIRCRAFT HAVE DEMONSTRATED THAT A SOLAR AIRCRAFT CAN POTENTIALLY EXTRACT ENOUGH SOLAR ENERGY TO REMAIN ALOFT FOR WEEKS. HOWEVER SOLAR AIRCRAFT HAVE NOT DEMONSTRATED ABILITY TO ALSO OFFER SIGNIFICANT LEVELS OF POWER FOR USE BY ONBOARD PAYLOADS. ALSO SOLAR AIRCRAFT ARE EXCEPTIONALLY LIGHT AND HAVE VERY LONG FLEXIBLE WINGS WHICH ARE HIGHLY SUSCEPTIBLE TO WIND GUSTS.

THE RESEARCHERS PROPOSE TO CONDUCT A VULNERABILITY ANALYSIS OF THE KSC NATURAL AND PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENTS AS THEY PERTAIN TO THEOCCURRENCE OF EXTREME WEATHER EVENTS AND CLIMATIC ANOMALIES THAT CAN BE EXPECTED UNDER VARIOUS GLOBAL CLIMATE-CHANGE SCENARIOS. THEVULNERABILITY ANALYSIS WILL BE CONDUCTED IN THE FOLLOWING STEPS.1. A DETAILED MAPPING OF THE NATURAL ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEM IN THE KSC COMPLEX AND SURROUNDING COASTAL AREA WILL BE ACCOMPLISHED USING EXISTING DATABASES AS AVAILABLE.2. A DETAILED MAPPING OF THE PHYSICAL (THAT IS HUMAN-BUILT) ENVIRONMENT WILL BE ADDED TO THAT OF THE NATURAL ENVIRONMENT IN ORDER TODETERMINE THE CURRENT STATE OF THE INFRASTRUCTURE AS IT CO-EXISTS WITH THE NATURAL ENVIRONMENT SURROUNDING IT.3. AN ARCHIVE OF AVAILABLE OBSERVED ATMOSPHERIC DATA FOR THE KSC COMPLEX WILL BE EXAMINED FOR THE OCCURRENCE FREQUENCIES OF EXTREMEWEATHER EVENTS SUCH AS SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS TORNADOES AND TROPICAL CYCLONES AND CLIMATIC ANOMALIES SUCH AS PERIODS OF EXTREME HIGHOR COLD TEMPERATURES DROUGHTS AND FLOODS.4. EVIDENCE OF CLIMATE CHANGE FROM THE LOCAL GEOLOGICAL RECORD WILL BE OBTAINED IN ADDITION TO THE ATMOSPHERIC RECORD. A NUMBER OF THEEFFECTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ARE RECORDED IN THE GEOLOGICAL RECORD OF THE SOUTHERN COASTAL STATES. CHANGING TEMPERATURE REGIMES RISING SEALEVELS AND COASTAL STORMS DEPOSIT RECORDS IN THE SEDIMENTARY COLUMN. OF PARTICULAR INTEREST ARE RESPONSES OF MARINE TRANSGRESSIONS ANDREGRESSIONS RELATIVE TO THE CHANGES IN GLOBAL CLIMATE.IN THIS STAGE WE SEEK TO DOCUMENT THE DAMAGE TO THE ENVIRONMENT AND INFRASTRUCTURE AND IMPACT ON OPERATIONS AND PERSONNEL FROMTHESE EVENTS AND ANOMALIES AND ALSO DOCUMENT THE EVIDENCE OF CLIMATE CHANGE IN THE GEOLOGICAL RECORD. ONCE THESE STEPS ARE COMPLETED WE WILL HAVE A BASELINE FROM WHICH THE EFFECTS OF FUTURE CLIMATE CHANGE CAN BE EXAMINED.THE SECOND PORTION OF THE STUDY INVOLVES THE ANALYSIS OF DOWNSCALED CLIMATE MODEL PROJECTION DATA FOR THE KSC REGION. THIS DATA WILL BEUSED IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE DATA COLLECTED IN THE FIRST PHASE OF THE STUDY TO DEVELOP PROJECTIONS FOR THE OCCURRENCE FREQUENCIES OFEXTREME EVENTS AND ANOMALIES. ONCE THESE PROJECTIONS HAVE BEEN MADE THEY WILL BE COMPARED TO THE BASELINE IMPACTS DATA TODETERMINE CHANGES IN THE LIKELIHOOD OF POTENTIAL DAMAGE AND IMPACTS TO ENVIRONMENT INFRASTRUCTURE AND OPERATIONS FROM THESE EVENTSAND ANOMALIES AS THEY WOULD BE OBSERVED IN VARIOUS GLOBAL CLIMATE-CHANGE SCENARIOS. THE EXTENT TO WHICH AN ALTERED GLOBAL CLIMATE WILLCHANGE THE LIKELIHOOD OF DAMAGING WEATHER EVENTS AND CLIMATIC EXTREMES AT KSC CAN THEN BE USED BY ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGERS ANDPLANNERS TO DEVELOP PROACTIVE ADAPTATION STRATEGIES IN THE 20-30 YEAR TIME HORIZON AND BEYOND. IF DONE CORRECTLY THE DATABASES BUILTUNDER THIS PROJECT CAN BE UPDATED AS NEWER MORE ACCURATE CLIMATE MODELING DATA BECOME AVAILABLE.

FUSED DEPOSITION MODELING AND ADDITIVE FUSION TECHNOLOGY FOR CONTINUOUS FIBER-REINFORCED COMPOSITE 3D PRINTING.

SATC: EDU: COLLABORATIVE: BOLSTERING UAV CYBERSECURITY EDUCATION THROUGH CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT WITH HANDS-ON LABORATORY FRAMEWORK

COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: CEDAR--UPPER ATMOSPHERIC HYDROGEN VARIABILITY ON TIMESCALES FROM DUSK-DAWN TO MULTIDECADAL

STUDY OF MUTUAL DIFFUSION EFFECTS IN THE UPPER ATMOSPHERE AND THERMOSPHERIC GRAVITY WAVE PROCESSES

3D FREQUENCY SELECTIVE STRUCTURES FOR FUZES USING ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING

COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: SWIFT: AI-BASED SENSING FOR IMPROVED RESILIENCY VIA SPECTRAL ADAPTATION WITH LIFELONG LEARNING -RESILIENCE TO INTERFERENCE VIA IMPROVED SPECTRUM ACCESS REQUIRES FAST SENSING, COGNITION, AND ACTIONABLE INTELLIGENCE TO ALGORITHMICALLY ENFORCE COMPLIANCE IN REAL-TIME. THE ABILITY TO MEASURE SPECTRUM USAGE, QUANTIFY LEGITIMATE USES, DETECT VIOLATIONS AND ENFORCE COMPLIANCE DIRECTLY LEADS TO IMPROVED SPECTRUM UTILIZATION, COEXISTENCE OF MULTIPLE COMPETING USERS, AND ENHANCED SECURITY. TO THIS END, THIS SWIFT PROJECT WILL DEMONSTRATE A SYSTEM FOR SPECTRAL SITUATIONAL AWARENESS THROUGH RADIO FREQUENCY (RF) MACHINE LEARNING (ML). THE KEY OBJECTIVE IS TO OBTAIN ACTIONABLE SPECTRUM INTELLIGENCE IN THE SUB-6 GHZ LEGACY BANDS THROUGH A REAL-TIME UNDERSTANDING OF WAVEFORM SHAPES, SPECTRAL CONTENT, AND MODULATION SCHEMES. THE RESEARCH WILL CREATE LIFELONG INCREMENTAL LEARNING APPROACHES TO SPECTRUM MANAGEMENT AND DYNAMIC SPECTRUM ACCESS, ENABLED BY ADVANCED HARDWARE INNOVATIONS. THE PROJECT IS EXPECTED TO IMPROVE AT LEAST 100X OVER SOFTWARE-BASED SYSTEMS, THROUGH A COMBINATION OF ARRAY PROCESSING, RELIABLE AI WITH LIFELONG LEARNING ALGORITHMS, LOW-COMPLEXITY AI, AND DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING. SPECIFICALLY, AI TECHNIQUES WILL BE USED TO ACHIEVE SPECTRUM INTELLIGENCE, AND MORE SPECIFICALLY DATA DRIVEN TECHNIQUES, SUCH AS DEEP LEARNING, TOWARDS REAL-TIME PROCESSING OF WIDEBAND MULTI-DIRECTIONAL RF SIGNALS CARRYING A DIVERSE SET OF WAVEFORMS, MODULATIONS, AND PROTOCOLS. LED BY FLORIDA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY (FIU) - SOUTH FLORIDA'S LARGEST PUBLIC RESEARCH R1 UNIVERSITY WITH 67+% HISPANIC STUDENTS, THIS SWIFT TEAM WILL INCLUDE MANY UNDER-REPRESENTED STUDENTS, WHO IN SUMMER RESEARCH, WILL LEARN KEY CONCEPTS IN SPECTRUM SENSING. PIS AT EMBRY-RIDDLE AERONAUTICAL UNIVERSITY WILL SPEARHEAD EFFORTS IN MENTORING WOMEN IN SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING, AND MATHEMATICS. THE PI AT NORTHEASTERN UNIVERSITY WILL FOCUS ON CREATING GRADUATE TEACHING MATERIALS IN WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS AND RF-ML BASED ON COLOSSEUM (THE WORLD'S LARGEST RF EMULATOR) AND THE PAWR PLATFORMS. THE TEAM WILL DEVELOP AND MAINTAIN PUBLIC OPEN DATASETS FOR TRAINING AI RADIOS FOR USABILITY AND REPRODUCIBILITY OF THE SCIENTIFIC COMMUNITY. THIS AWARD REFLECTS NSF'S STATUTORY MISSION AND HAS BEEN DEEMED WORTHY OF SUPPORT THROUGH EVALUATION USING THE FOUNDATION'S INTELLECTUAL MERIT AND BROADER IMPACTS REVIEW CRITERIA.

UNDERSTANDING THE PROPERTIES ORIGIN AND DYNAMICS OF ENERGETIC PARTICLES IN THE MAGNETOSPHERE WILL LARGELY IMPROVE OUR KNOWLEDGE OF PHYSICAL PROCESSES AND PLASMA TRANSPORT IN THE MAGNETOSPHERE. THEREFORE ENERGETIC PARTICLES HAVE ATTRACTED ATTENTION FROM

RESEARCH-BASED ENHANCEMENT OF STEM ROTC TRAINING IN AVIATION CYBERSECURITY

ENCOURAGING THE USE OF EVIDENCE-BASED INSTRUCTIONAL PRACTICES THROUGH RESEARCH INITIATIVES: AN ASSESSMENT OF UNIVERSITY CLIMATE

USING VIRTUAL REALITY TO TRAIN ROTC MIDSHIPMEN TO IDENTIFY CYBER THREATS

IMPROVING UNDERGRADUATE STUDENT PERSISTENCE, PERFORMANCE, AND PERSPECTIVES IN ONLINE STEM COURSES VIA A COMMUNITY OF INQUIRY AND DECREASING STUDENTS' COGNITIVE LOAD

TAS::57 3600::TAS " (YIP) EXPLOITING THE NON-LINEAR INTERACTIONS WITHIN WALL TURBULENCE FOR FLOW CONTROL"

COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: DYNAMICS IN THE MESOSPHERE AND LOWER THERMOSPHERE OVER THE ANDES LIDAR OBSERVATORY

GEM: TURBULENCE AND STRUCTURE IN THE MAGNETOSPHERIC CUSPS: CLUSTER SPACECRAFT OBSERVATIONS AND NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS

FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE FOR COUNTERING VIOLENT EXTREMISM

ORBITAL SOLUTIONS STUDY OF SUBDWARF B WIDE BINARY SYSTEMS

AUTONOMOUS UNDERWATER VEHICLE FOR AUTONOMOUS DOCKING RESEARCH

MAINTAIN & DEVELOP AN OUTREACH EDUCATION PROGRAM FOR THE FAA NATIONAL WILDLIFE STRIKE DATABASE.

ERI: ENABLING FAULTED AGENT DETECTION THROUGH BIOLOGICALLY INSPIRED DESIGN -MODERN SYSTEMS OFTEN APPROACH PROBLEMS BY CONNECTING MANY SMALLER AGENTS, RATHER THAN USING A SINGLE, MORE EXPENSIVE PLATFORM. FOR EXAMPLE, IT IS OFTEN ADVANTAGEOUS TO HAVE A FLEET OF LOWER-COST UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES (UAVS) SEARCHING AN AREA THAN A SINGLE, HIGHLY CAPABLE PLATFORM (AIRSHIP). THE NODES IN THESE SOPHISTICATED NETWORKS, HOWEVER, ARE TEMPTING TARGETS FOR BAD ACTORS. ALTHOUGH RECOGNIZED AS A VULNERABILITY FOR MULTI-AGENT SYSTEMS, CURRENT FAULT-DETECTION METHODS HAVE SIGNIFICANT LIMITATIONS. THIS ENGINEERING RESEARCH INITIATION (ERI) AWARD SUPPORTS RESEARCH THAT EXAMINES THE ISSUE OF FAULTED-AGENT IDENTIFICATION THROUGH THE LENS OF BIOLOGICALLY INSPIRED DESIGN. THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS PROPOSAL IS TO DESIGN AND EVALUATE A NEW BIOLOGICALLY INSPIRED APPROACH BASED ON ANT COLONIES TO IDENTIFY FAULTED AGENTS WITHIN A SWARM, THUS INCREASING RESILIENCE. DESPITE A LACK OF CENTRAL CONTROL AND LOW INDIVIDUAL PROCESSING POWER, ANT COLONIES HAVE SOPHISTICATED APPROACHES TO IDENTIFY INTRUDERS. THE APPLICATION OF THIS BIOLOGICALLY-INSPIRED RESPONSE TO COLONY INTRUDERS WILL ENHANCE THE ABILITY OF SWARMS TO IDENTIFY FAULTED AGENTS OVER CURRENT APPROACHES. THIS APPROACH IS DECENTRALIZED, SCALABLE, ONLY REQUIRES EACH AGENT TO HAVE LOCAL KNOWLEDGE, AND CAN BE IMPLEMENTED WITHOUT ONBOARD MACHINE LEARNING. THE RESEARCH SERVES THE INTERESTS OF THE UNITED STATES IN ITS POTENTIAL TO ESTABLISH AND DEMONSTRATE A FRAMEWORK TO IDENTIFY FAULTED AGENTS WITHOUT REQUIRING CENTRALIZED CONTROL; IT IS ALSO SCALABLE AND DOES NOT REQUIRE SOPHISTICATED AGENTS SUCH AS ON-BOARD MACHINE LEARNING. THESE DEVELOPMENTS HAVE THE POTENTIAL TO PROVIDE A SOLUTION-NEUTRAL FRAMEWORK APPLICABLE TO A VARIETY OF VULNERABLE SYSTEMS. INCREASED RESILIENCE PROTECTS CITIZENS, IMPROVES SERVICES, AND REDUCES DAMAGE AFTER FAULTS; THE APPROACH INVESTIGATED IN THIS WORK MAY ALSO HELP TO PROTECT COMBAT DRONE SWARMS FROM INFILTRATION, THEREBY ENHANCING OUR NATIONAL DEFENSE. FINALLY, OUTREACH ACTIVITIES WILL INVOLVE THE LOCAL STUDENT VETERAN POPULATION, EXPOSING THIS GROUP TO SYSTEMS ENGINEERING RESEARCH AND ENHANCING THE FUTURE STEM WORKFORCE. THE GOAL OF THIS RESEARCH IS TO DESIGN AND VALIDATE A FAULTED AGENT DETECTION ALGORITHM INSPIRED BY THE USE OF CUTICULAR HYDROCARBON PROFILES TO IDENTIFY INTRUDERS IN ANT COLONIES. THE FIRST OF THREE INITIATIVES TO ACHIEVE THIS GOAL IS TO CREATE A MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF THE CUTICULAR HYDROCARBON FAULTED AGENT DETECTION ALGORITHM (CHC FADA). A SOLUTION-NEUTRAL FAULTED AGENT IDENTIFICATION APPROACH WILL BE EXPLORED THROUGH ANALYSIS AND MODELING OF CUTICULAR HYDROCARBON (CHC) SPREAD IN ANT COLONIES. SECONDLY, THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE CHC FADA WILL BE ANALYZED THROUGH A SERIES OF SIMULATION-BASED TESTS THAT WILL EXAMINE BOTH EQUIPMENT FAILURES AND BYZANTINE FAULTS. THIRD, CHC FAFA WILL BE VALIDATED BY PERFORMING REAL-WORLD TESTS WITH A ROBOTIC SWARM. VALIDATION INCLUDES A STUDENT-FOCUSED CYBERSECURITY CHALLENGE THAT TARGETS HIGH PERFORMING CYBERSECURITY STUDENTS, AS WELL AS VETERAN STUDENTS. THE OUTCOME OF THIS WORK IS THREEFOLD. FIRST, IT WILL DOCUMENT A SOLUTION-NEUTRAL FORMULATION OF A EUSOCIAL INSECT-INSPIRED FAULT DETECTION APPROACH. THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THIS OUTCOME IS A NEW APPROACH THAT IS DECENTRALIZED, SCALABLE, ONLY REQUIRES EACH AGENT TO HAVE LOCAL KNOWLEDGE, AND CAN BE IMPLEMENTED WITHOUT ONBOARD MACHINE LEARNING. SECONDLY, THE WORK WILL PROVIDE MEASUREMENT OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE NEW APPROACH. A SERIES OF VALIDATION TESTS WILL BE PERFORMED WITH BOTH SIMULATIONS AND OUR PHYSICAL TEST PLATFORM. FINALLY, THIS WORK SEEKS TO ACCOMPLISH INITIAL INTEGRATION OF THE LOCAL VETERAN POPULATION INTO SYSTEMS ENGINEERING RESEARCH THROUGH THE REAL-WORLD VALIDATION TESTING. THIS TESTING WILL LEVERAGE VETERANS? UNIQUE UNDERSTANDING OF MULTI-AGENT SYSTEMS, RESILIENCE, AND SYSTEM THINKING DUE TO THEIR OPERATIONAL EXPERIENCE. THIS AWARD REFLECTS NSF'S STATUTORY MISSION AND HAS BEEN DEEMED WORTHY OF SUPPORT THROUGH EVALUATION USING THE FOUNDATION'S INTELLECTUAL MERIT AND BROADER IMPACTS REVIEW CRITERIA.- SUBAWARDS ARE NOT PLANNED FOR THIS AWARD.

DATA LINK WEATHER IN THE COCKPIT TRAINING

THE GAIA SATELLITE, WHITE DWARF STARS, AND THE AGE OF THE GALAXY

COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: DEVELOPING A CONCEPT INVENTORY FOR ENGINEERING DESIGN GRAPHICS

EXECUTE A BALANCED SCIENCE PROGRAM BASED ON DISCIPLINE-SPECIFIC GUIDANCE FROM THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES OF SCIENCES ENGINEERING AND MEDICINE ADMINISTRATION PRIORITIES AND DIRECTION FROM CONGRESS. PARTICIPATE AS A KEY PARTNER AND ENABLER IN THE AGENC

COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: IONOSPHERIC DENSITY RESPONSE TO AMERICAN SOLAR ECLIPSES USING COORDINATED RADIO OBSERVATIONS WITH MODELING SUPPORT -SOLAR ECLIPSES ARE UNIQUE CELESTIAL PHENOMENA THAT OFFER EXCELLENT OPPORTUNITY TO EXPLORE THE IMPACTS OF REDUCED SOLAR FLUX ON THE IONOSPHERE. AS THE MOON?S SHADOW SWEEPS ACROSS THE CONTIGUOUS UNITED STATES, IT PROVIDES A NATURAL LABORATORY TO STUDY THE IONOSPHERE?A PARTIALLY IONIZED REGION OF OUR ATMOSPHERE THAT PLAYS A CRUCIAL ROLE IN RADIO COMMUNICATION, NAVIGATION, AND SPACE WEATHER. DURING A SOLAR ECLIPSE, THE REDUCTION IN SOLAR RADIATION LEADS TO A DECREASE IN IONIZATION. THE INVESTIGATORS PLAN TO TAKE ADVANTAGE OF THE UPCOMING SOLAR ECLIPSE IN 2024 THROUGH COORDINATED MULTI-INSTRUMENTS OBSERVATIONS OF IONOSPHERIC PARAMETERS. THE PROPOSED WORK WILL DEEPEN OUR UNDERSTANDING OF THE CHEMICAL AND DYNAMICAL PROCESSES IN THE IONOSPHERE-THERMOSPHERE (IT) SYSTEM. SUCH EVENTS IMPACT THE PLASMA DENSITY, WHICH ADVERSELY AFFECTS HIGH FREQUENCY (HF: 3-30 MHZ) PROPAGATION AND COMMUNICATION SIGNALS. WHILE THE MACROSCOPIC EFFECTS ON THE IT RESPONSE ARE WELL UNDERSTOOD, THE DETAILED FEATURES CONTROLLING THE IONOSPHERIC DENSITY INCLUDING THE TRANSPORT IN THE F-REGION AND TOPSIDE IONOSPHERE REMAIN UNCLEAR. THE PROJECT WILL STRENGTHEN COLLABORATIONS WITH THE CITIZEN SCIENCE COMMUNITY, SUPPORT TWO EARLY-CAREER SCIENTISTS AND AN UNDERGRADUATE SUMMER STUDENT. THIS PROJECT BENEFITS SOCIETY BY IMPROVING COMMUNICATION RELIABILITY, ENHANCING SPACE WEATHER PREDICTIONS, AND SUPPORTING EDUCATION AND DIVERSITY IN STEM FIELDS. ONE OF THE MAIN OBJECTIVES OF THE PROPOSAL IS TO UNDERSTAND AND QUANTIFY THE RELATIVE IMPORTANCE OF EXTERNAL FORCES ON THE IONOSPHERIC DENSITY RESPONSES TO THE OCTOBER 2023 AND APRIL 2024 SOLAR ECLIPSES AS OBSERVED BY HF SOUNDING AND COMPARE THE FINDINGS WITH THE AUGUST 2017 SOLAR ECLIPSE. THE PROPOSAL WILL FOCUS ON THE FOLLOWING SCIENTIFIC TOPICS: 1. QUANTIFICATION OF ECLIPSE-DRIVEN IONOSPHERIC CHANGES: THE PROJECT SEEKS TO UNDERSTAND HOW SOLAR ECLIPSES IMPACT THE IONOSPHERE'S ELECTRON DENSITY. IT PLANS TO INVESTIGATE VARIATIONS IN THE F-REGION HEIGHT (HMF2) AND THE OCCURRENCE OF THE IONOSPHERIC G-CONDITION (WHERE NMF1?NMF2), (2) IDENTIFICATION OF CONTROLLING FACTORS: BY ANALYZING DATA FROM GROUND-BASED HF FACILITIES, THE RESEARCHERS WILL QUANTIFY THE RELATIVE IMPORTANCE OF VARIOUS FACTORS IN DETERMINING THE IONOSPHERIC RESPONSES, INCLUDING REDUCED EUV FLUX, THERMOSPHERIC WINDS, PHOTOELECTRON TRANSPORT AND HEATING. THE PROPOSED SCIENTIFIC INVESTIGATION INVOLVES THE USE OF THE SUPERDARN, THE MILLSTONE HILL INCOHERENT SCATTER RADAR (MHISR), AND HAMSCI HF OBSERVATIONS. THIS WORK ENCOURAGES TRAINING AND EDUCATION OF THE YOUNGER GENERATION AND FACILITATES CAPACITY BUILDING THROUGH THE INVOLVEMENT OF EARLY CAREER SCIENTISTS. THIS AWARD REFLECTS NSF'S STATUTORY MISSION AND HAS BEEN DEEMED WORTHY OF SUPPORT THROUGH EVALUATION USING THE FOUNDATION'S INTELLECTUAL MERIT AND BROADER IMPACTS REVIEW CRITERIA.- SUBAWARDS ARE NOT PLANNED FOR THIS AWARD.

ADDING TROPICAL CYCLONE GENESIS VERIFICATION CAPABILITIES TO THE MODEL EVALUATION TOOLS FOR TROPICAL CYCLONE (MET-TC) SOFTWARE

HIGH-LATITUDE IONOSPHERIC COMPOSITION AND ITS IMPORTANCE TO MAGNETOSPHERE-IONOSPHERE COUPLING

ERI: MECHANISTIC INSIGHTS INTO ENHANCING UNIFORM DISPERSION OF MICRO-SCALE CERAMIC REINFORCEMENTS IN DIRECTED ENERGY DEPOSITION OF METAL MATRIX COMPOSITES -CERAMIC PARTICLE-REINFORCED METAL MATRIX COMPOSITES (MMCS) HAVE ATTRACTED WIDE INTEREST ACROSS MULTIPLE INDUSTRIES BECAUSE THEY COMBINE THE DUCTILITY AND TOUGHNESS OF METALS WITH THE HARDNESS, STIFFNESS, AND THERMAL STABILITY OF CERAMICS. IN RECENT YEARS, ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING (AM) HAS EMERGED FOR PRODUCING MMCS WITH COMPLEX GEOMETRIES AND FUNCTIONALLY GRADED STRUCTURES. AMONG AM TECHNOLOGIES, DIRECTED ENERGY DEPOSITION (DED) OFFERS EXCEPTIONAL FLEXIBILITY IN MATERIAL FEEDSTOCK CONTROL, MAKING IT SUITABLE FOR FABRICATING MMCS RANGING FROM PROTECTIVE COATINGS TO COMPLEX BULK COMPONENTS. ALTHOUGH DED HAS BEEN SUCCESSFULLY EMPLOYED TO MANUFACTURE A WIDE RANGE OF CERAMIC PARTICLE-REINFORCED MMC SYSTEMS, ACHIEVING UNIFORM PARTICLE DISPERSION REMAINS A MAJOR SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL CHALLENGE. REINFORCEMENT PARTICLES OFTEN SEGREGATE DUE TO DENSITY MISMATCH AND COMPLEX MELT-POOL FLUID FLOW, RESULTING IN HETEROGENEOUS MICROSTRUCTURES AND REDUCED MECHANICAL RELIABILITY. THIS ENGINEERING RESEARCH INITIATION (ERI) PROJECT AIMS TO UNCOVER THE FUNDAMENTAL MECHANISMS GOVERNING THREE-DIMENSIONAL (3D) PARTICLE DISPERSION DURING DED AND TO IDENTIFY MANUFACTURING CONDITIONS THAT PROMOTE UNIFORM PARTICLE DISTRIBUTION. THE OUTCOMES WILL ADVANCE THE SCIENTIFIC FOUNDATION OF ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING AND STRENGTHEN THE UNITED STATES? CAPABILITY TO PRODUCE HIGH-PERFORMANCE MATERIALS FOR CRITICAL INDUSTRIES INCLUDING AEROSPACE, ENERGY, AND DEFENSE. THIS RESEARCH WILL ALSO CONTRIBUTE TO EDUCATION AND WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT BY INVOLVING UNDERGRADUATE AND GRADUATE STUDENTS IN RESEARCH ACTIVITIES, INTEGRATING ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING EXPERIMENTS INTO ENGINEERING COURSES, AND ENGAGING K-12 STUDENTS THROUGH OUTREACH PROGRAMS. THE TECHNICAL OBJECTIVE OF THIS WORK IS TO ESTABLISH A MECHANISM-GUIDED FRAMEWORK FOR CONTROLLING THE THREE-DIMENSIONAL DISPERSION OF MICRO-SCALE CERAMIC REINFORCEMENTS IN DIRECTED ENERGY DEPOSITION OF METAL MATRIX COMPOSITES. THE RESEARCH INTEGRATES CONTROLLED EXPERIMENTS, ADVANCED CHARACTERIZATION, AND MULTIPHYSICS MODELING TO REVEAL THE RELATIONSHIPS AMONG PROCESSING CONDITIONS, PARTICLE TRANSPORT MECHANISMS, AND RESULTING MECHANICAL PROPERTIES. SPECIFICALLY, THIS WORK WILL FIRST QUANTIFY HOW PROCESS PARAMETERS INFLUENCE BOTH LOCAL (SHORT-RANGE CLUSTERING) AND GLOBAL DISPERSION UNIFORMITY IN THREE-DIMENSION. SECOND, THE DOMINANT FORCES GOVERNING PARTICLE TRANSPORT WITHIN THE MELT POOL WILL BE ELUCIDATED USING A VALIDATED MULTIPHASE COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS (CFD) MODEL. THIRD, THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DISPERSION UNIFORMITY AND MECHANICAL PERFORMANCE WILL BE ESTABLISHED. BY LINKING PROCESS PARAMETERS TO PARTICLE TRANSPORT MECHANISMS AND MATERIAL PERFORMANCE, THIS RESEARCH WILL PROVIDE PREDICTIVE GUIDELINES FOR ACHIEVING UNIFORM REINFORCEMENT DISPERSION IN DED-BUILT MMCS. THE RESULTS WILL ADVANCE THE FUNDAMENTAL UNDERSTANDING OF PARTICLE BEHAVIOR IN ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING AND ENABLE MORE RELIABLE FABRICATION OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE COMPOSITE COMPONENTS. THIS AWARD REFLECTS NSF'S STATUTORY MISSION AND HAS BEEN DEEMED WORTHY OF SUPPORT THROUGH EVALUATION USING THE FOUNDATION'S INTELLECTUAL MERIT AND BROADER IMPACTS REVIEW CRITERIA.- SUBAWARDS ARE NOT PLANNED FOR THIS AWARD.

EXPLORATORY EVALUATION OF ELECTRIC AIRCRAFT NOISE OUTPUT AND PERFORMANCE

ERI: ADVANCING DESIGN OF HIGHLY CHAOTIC SYSTEMS WITH HIGHER-DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS AND HUMAN-IN-THE-LOOP REINFORCED LEARNING -THIS ENGINEERING RESEARCH INITIATION (ERI) PROJECT SUPPORTS RESEARCH THAT AIMS TO ESTABLISH A NEW FOUNDATION FOR THE ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF CHAOTIC SYSTEMS BY INVESTIGATING HOW HIGHER-DIMENSIONAL REPRESENTATIONS AND TOPOLOGICAL MODELING CAN FUNDAMENTALLY ALTER THE WAY ENGINEERS PERCEIVE AND INTERACT WITH COMPLEX DYNAMICS. MANY CRITICAL ENGINEERING CHALLENGES, SUCH AS TRAJECTORY DESIGN FOR SPACE MISSIONS, OCCUR WITHIN CHAOTIC REGIMES WHERE SMALL CHANGES IN INITIAL CONDITIONS CAN LEAD TO VASTLY DIFFERENT OUTCOMES. TRADITIONAL APPROACHES OFTEN REDUCE THESE SYSTEMS TO OVERSIMPLIFIED, LOW-DIMENSIONAL REPRESENTATIONS THAT OBSCURE THEIR FULL COMPLEXITY, LEADING TO INEFFICIENCIES AND BLIND SPOTS IN DESIGN. TO ADDRESS THESE CHALLENGES, THIS PROJECT SEEKS TO ANSWER TWO RESEARCH QUESTIONS ? 1) HOW CAN EXPANDING THE DIMENSIONALITY OF THE PROBLEM SPACE, WHILE INCORPORATING TOPOLOGICAL METHODS FROM KNOT THEORY, ENHANCE THE ANALYSIS, VISUALIZATION, AND DESIGN OF COMPLEX CHAOTIC SYSTEMS TO REVEAL PREVIOUSLY UNATTAINABLE SOLUTIONS? 2) HOW DOES KNOT THEORY-INFORMED REINFORCEMENT LEARNING WITH HUMAN-IN-THE-LOOP INTERACTIONS ENHANCE DESIGN QUALITY, GUIDANCE, AND DECISION EFFICIENCY AND ACCURACY? THIS PROJECT HYPOTHESIZES THAT BY EXPANDING THE DIMENSIONALITY OF THE DESIGN SPACE AND INTEGRATING HUMAN-IN-THE-LOOP LEARNING WITH MATHEMATICAL INSIGHTS FROM KNOT THEORY, IT IS POSSIBLE TO REVEAL NEW SOLUTIONS AND GUIDE USERS TOWARD MORE EFFICIENT, ACCURATE, AND INTERPRETABLE DESIGN DECISIONS. THIS WORK SEEKS TO OFFER A NEW LENS FOR UNDERSTANDING CHAOS, ONE THAT INTEGRATES VISUAL, MATHEMATICAL, AND SYMBOLIC REASONING, WHILE ALSO ENGAGING BROADER AUDIENCES IN SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING THROUGH IMMERSIVE LEARNING TOOLS AND CURRICULUM. OUTREACH EFFORTS WILL INCLUDE CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT AND HANDS-ON ACTIVITIES FOR ALL K-12 STUDENTS TO SUPPORT ENGAGEMENT WITH ADVANCED STEM CONCEPTS. THE RESEARCH WILL PURSUE THE TWO KEY QUESTIONS THROUGH A MULTI-PRONGED INVESTIGATION THAT MERGES TOPOLOGICAL DYNAMICS, HUMAN-CENTERED LEARNING, AND ENGINEERING DESIGN THEORY. FIRST, THE PROJECT WILL EXPLORE HOW UNIVERSAL TEMPLATES FROM KNOT THEORY CAN BE USED TO REPRESENT THE QUALITATIVE STRUCTURE OF CHAOTIC FLOWS IN FOUR OR MORE DIMENSIONS, ENABLING NOVEL INSIGHTS INTO THE ORGANIZATION OF PHASE SPACE. THE RESEARCH WILL FOCUS ON IDENTIFYING PATTERNS AND STRUCTURES THAT ORGANIZE CHAOTIC MOTION, USING KNOT THEORY AS A MATHEMATICAL FRAMEWORK TO SYMBOLICALLY CLASSIFY AND INTERPRET COMPLEX BEHAVIORS. THESE CLASSIFICATIONS WILL THEN SUPPORT THE DEVELOPMENT OF NEW METHODS FOR EXPLORING AND NAVIGATING CHAOTIC DESIGN SPACES. AS THE SYSTEM?S COMPLEXITY SCALES BEYOND THREE DIMENSIONS, THE PROJECT WILL EXPLORE METHODS FOR PROJECTING AND VISUALIZING THIS BEHAVIOR THROUGH DIMENSIONALITY REDUCTION TECHNIQUES, ENABLING INTERPRETATION OF 5D+ DATASETS (3D POSITION, 3D VELOCITY, DIVERGENCE MEASURE) WHILE PRESERVING TOPOLOGICAL INTEGRITY, ENABLING SEMI-ANALYTICAL IDENTIFICATION OF STABILITY BOUNDARIES AND TRANSITION SURFACES WITHIN HIGH-DIMENSIONAL PHASE SPACE. AUGMENTED REALITY (AR) WILL SERVE AS AN INTERACTIVE RESEARCH ENVIRONMENT FOR EXPLORING, TESTING, AND REFINING MATHEMATICAL HYPOTHESES ABOUT CHAOTIC STRUCTURE. AN INVESTIGATION WILL BE CARRIED OUT ON HOW SYMBOLIC INSIGHTS FROM CHAOS THEORY CAN INFORM EARLY-STAGE META-REINFORCEMENT LEARNING APPROACHES FOR HUMAN-IN-THE-LOOP DESIGN, PROVIDING A CONCEPTUAL BASIS FOR ADAPTIVE DECISION-MAKING. THIS PROJECT WILL ADVANCE THE THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF CHAOTIC SYSTEM DESIGN WHILE GENERATING NEW PATHWAYS FOR INTEGRATING TOPOLOGY, DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS, AND VISUALIZATION INTO ENGINEERING EDUCATION. THIS AWARD REFLECTS NSF'S STATUTORY MISSION AND HAS BEEN DEEMED WORTHY OF SUPPORT THROUGH EVALUATION USING THE FOUNDATION'S INTELLECTUAL MERIT AND BROADER IMPACTS REVIEW CRITERIA.- SUBAWARDS ARE NOT PLANNED FOR THIS AWARD.

COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: GEM: MODELING IONOSPHERIC AND MAGNETOSPHERIC CURRENT INTERACTIONS WITH SUBMARINE CABLES -THE PROJECT AIMS TO ADDRESS THE IMPACT OF GEOMAGNETIC DISTURBANCES (GMDS) ON SUBMARINE CABLES. SUBMARINE CABLES ARE VITAL AS THEY CARRY A SIGNIFICANT PORTION OF GLOBAL INTERNET TRAFFIC. DISRUPTIONS TO THESE CABLES DUE TO GMDS CAN LEAD TO WIDESPREAD COMMUNICATION OUTAGES, AFFECTING ECONOMIES, NATIONAL SECURITY, AND DAILY LIFE. GMDS CAUSED BY SPACE WEATHER EVENTS LIKE SOLAR STORMS, INDUCE GEOMAGNETICALLY INDUCED CURRENTS (GICS) BENEATH THE EARTH'S SURFACE AND WITHIN BODIES OF WATER. THESE CURRENTS CAN PRODUCE HAZARDOUS VOLTAGES IN SUBMARINE CABLES, POTENTIALLY LEADING TO FAILURES. HOWEVER, THE DETAILED BEHAVIOR OF THESE INDUCED CURRENTS IN MODERN SUBMARINE CABLES DURING EXTREME SPACE WEATHER IS NOT WELL UNDERSTOOD. THIS PROJECT SEEKS TO CHARACTERIZE THE INDUCED UNDERWATER GEOELECTRIC FIELDS (GEFS) AND POTENTIAL ALONG SUBMARINE CABLES DURING VARIOUS GEOMAGNETIC DISTURBANCES. THE PROJECT WILL BENEFIT VARIOUS STAKEHOLDERS, INCLUDING SPACE WEATHER RESEARCHERS, SUBMARINE CABLE OPERATORS, POLICYMAKERS, AND THE BROADER SCIENTIFIC COMMUNITY. MOREOVER, THIS RESEARCH WILL FACILITATE TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER AND PROVIDE PRACTICAL INSIGHTS FOR DISASTER MANAGEMENT AND POLICY DEVELOPMENT. IT SUPPORTS THE TRAINING OF A POSTDOCTORAL RESEARCHER, A FEMALE EARLY-CAREER SCIENTIST, AND A MID-CAREER SCIENTIST, ENHANCING DIVERSITY AND EDUCATION IN THE FIELD. THE PROJECT AIMS TO MODEL INTERACTIONS BETWEEN IONOSPHERIC AND MAGNETOSPHERIC CURRENTS AND SUBMARINE CABLES DURING GEOMAGNETIC DISTURBANCES (GMDS). GMDS INDUCE GEOMAGNETICALLY INDUCED CURRENTS (GICS) BENEATH THE EARTH'S SURFACE AND WITHIN BODIES OF WATER, POSING SIGNIFICANT RISKS TO SUBMARINE CABLES, WHICH ARE CRITICAL FOR GLOBAL INTERNET TRAFFIC. THE MAIN OBJECTIVE IS TO CHARACTERIZE THE INDUCED UNDERWATER GEOELECTRIC FIELDS (GEFS) AND POTENTIAL ALONG SUBMARINE CABLES DURING VARIOUS GEOMAGNETIC DISTURBANCES. SPECIFICALLY, THE PROJECT WILL INVESTIGATE: (1) THE TYPES OF GMDS THAT MAY PRODUCE HAZARDOUS VOLTAGES, (2) HOW MAGNETOSPHERIC AND IONOSPHERIC CURRENTS INFLUENCE UNDERWATER GEFS, AND (3) THE POTENTIAL IMPACT OF SOLAR SUPERSTORMS ON SUBMARINE CABLES. THE WORK WILL UTILIZE THE SCUBAS (SUBMARINE CABLE UPSET BY AURORAL STREAMS) MODEL, WHICH PREDICTS VOLTAGES INDUCED IN SUBMARINE CABLES DURING GEOMAGNETIC DISTURBANCES. THE MODEL LEVERAGES DATA FROM MAGNETOTELLURIC (MT) STUDIES AND INTEGRATES MAGNETIC FIELD DISTURBANCE INPUTS. THIS RESEARCH WILL SIGNIFICANTLY ENHANCE OUR UNDERSTANDING OF HOW GMDS IMPACT SUBMARINE CABLES UNDER VARIOUS CONDITIONS, INCLUDING EXTREME SPACE WEATHER EVENTS. THE PROJECT WILL GAIN INSIGHTS INTO THE GMDS THAT GENERATE SIGNIFICANT GEFS AND POTENTIAL ALONG SUBMARINE CABLES, CONTRIBUTING TO BETTER RISK ASSESSMENT AND MITIGATION PLANNING. RESEARCH FILLS A CRITICAL KNOWLEDGE GAP USING A NOVEL COMBINATION OF SATELLITE AND GROUND-BASED DATASETS AND A COMPREHENSIVE COMPUTATIONAL MODEL. THE FINDINGS WILL AID IN RISK ASSESSMENT, DISASTER MANAGEMENT, AND POLICY DEVELOPMENT. THIS AWARD REFLECTS NSF'S STATUTORY MISSION AND HAS BEEN DEEMED WORTHY OF SUPPORT THROUGH EVALUATION USING THE FOUNDATION'S INTELLECTUAL MERIT AND BROADER IMPACTS REVIEW CRITERIA.- SUBAWARDS ARE NOT PLANNED FOR THIS AWARD.

USING WEB-BASED VIDEO PEER-FEEDBACK TO SUPPORT THE DIFFUSION AND ENHANCEMENT OF TEACHING PRACTICES

COALITION FOR UNDERGRADUATE COMPUTATIONAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING: PROOF OF CONCEPT

LIDAR AND MODELING STUDIES OF CONSTITUENT FLUXES BY DISSIPATING GRAVITY WAVES IN THE MESOPAUSE REGION

AN RUI PROPOSAL TO STUDY OPTICAL COATINGS, GRAVITATIONAL WAVE BURSTS ABOVE 1 KHZ, AND UPCONVERTED NOISE IN SUSPENSION WIRES

THE LUNAR ATMOSPHERE IS OFTEN REFERENCED AS A FOUNDATION FOR UNDERSTANDING SURFACE-BOUNDED EXOSPHERES ACROSS THE SOLAR SYSTEM; HOWEVER ITS TENUOUS NA

CEDAR: INTERACTIONS OF SHORT-PERIOD GRAVITY WAVES WITH THE HORIZONTALLY-INHOMOGENEOUS STRUCTURE OF THE MESOSPHERE AND LOWER THERMOSPHERE (MLT) REGION

DATA-LINK WEATHER IN THE COCKPIT TRAINING TOOLS AND STRATEGIES

MAINTAIN & DEVELOP AN OUTREACH EDUCATION PROGRAM FOR THE FAA NATIONAL WILDLIFE STRIKE DATABASE.

IMPROVING IMAGE PROCESSING FOR OBIT ESTIMATION

GEM: EXPERIMENTAL IDENTIFICATION OF PLASMA WAVE MODES IN VICINITY OF KH VORTICES AND IN PLASMA 'MIXING' REGIONS IN LOW LATITUDE BOUNDARY LAYER

COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: DATA-DRIVEN REALIZATION OF STATE-SPACE DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS VIA LOW-COMPLEXITY ALGORITHMS -DATA SCIENCE IS EVOLVING RAPIDLY AND PLACES A NEW PERSPECTIVE ON REALIZING STATE-SPACE DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS. PREDICTING TIME-ADVANCED STATES OF DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS IS A CHALLENGING PROBLEM IN STEM DISCIPLINES DUE TO THEIR NONLINEAR AND COMPLEX NATURE. THIS PROJECT WILL UTILIZE DATA-DRIVEN METHODS AND ANALYZE STATE-SPACE DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS TO PREDICT AND UNDERSTAND FUTURE STATES, SURPASSING CLASSICAL TECHNIQUES. IN ADDITION, THE PI TEAM WILL (I) GUIDE STUDENTS TO OBTAIN CROSS-DISCIPLINE PHD/MASTER'S DEGREES, (II) GUIDE STUDENTS TO WORK IN A PEER-LEARNING ENVIRONMENT, AND (III) EDUCATE A DIVERSE GROUP OF UNDERGRADUATES. IN MORE DETAIL, THIS PROJECT WILL UTILIZE STATE-OF-THE-ART MACHINE LEARNING (ML) ALGORITHMS TO EFFICIENTLY ANALYZE AND PREDICT INFORMATION WITHIN DATA MATRICES AND TENSOR COMPUTATIONS WITH LOW-COMPLEXITY ALGORITHMS. SINGLE-DIMENSIONAL ML MODELS ARE NOT EFFICIENT AT EXTRACTING HIDDEN SEMANTIC INFORMATION IN THE TIME AND SPACE DOMAINS. AS A RESULT, IT BECOMES CHALLENGING TO SIMULTANEOUSLY CAPTURE MULTI-DIMENSIONAL SPATIOTEMPORAL DATA IN STATE-SPACE DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS. USING EFFICIENT ML ALGORITHMS TO RECOVER MULTI-DIMENSIONAL SPATIOTEMPORAL DATA SIMULTANEOUSLY OFFERS A BREAKTHROUGH IN UNDERSTANDING THE CHAOTIC BEHAVIOR OF DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS. THIS PROJECT WILL (I) UTILIZE ML TO PREDICT FUTURE STATES OF DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS BASED ON HIGH-DIMENSIONAL DATA MATRICES CAPTURED AT DIFFERENT TIME STAMPS, (II) REALIZE STATE-SPACE CONTROLLABLE AND OBSERVABLE SYSTEMS VIA LOW-COMPLEXITY ALGORITHMS TO SIMULTANEOUSLY ANALYZE MULTIPLE STATES OF THE SYSTEMS, (III) ANALYZE NOISE IN STATE-SPACE SYSTEMS FOR UNCERTAINTY QUANTIFICATION, PREDICT PATTERNS IN REAL-TIME STATES, GENERATE COUNTER-RESONANCE STATES TO SUPPRESS THEM, AND OPTIMIZE PERFORMANCE AND STABILITY, (IV) STUDY SYSTEM RESILIENCE VIA MULTIPLE STATE PREDICTORS AND PERTURBATIONS TO ASSESS PERFORMANCE AND ADAPTATION TO DISTURBANCES AND ANOMALIES, AND FINALLY (V) OPTIMIZE SPACECRAFT TRAJECTORIES, AVOID IMPACT, AND USE LOW-COMPLEXITY ALGORITHMS TO UNDERSTAND SPACECRAFT LAUNCH DYNAMICS ON THE SPACE COAST AND SUPPORT ERAU'S MISSION IN AERONAUTICAL RESEARCH. THIS AWARD REFLECTS NSF'S STATUTORY MISSION AND HAS BEEN DEEMED WORTHY OF SUPPORT THROUGH EVALUATION USING THE FOUNDATION'S INTELLECTUAL MERIT AND BROADER IMPACTS REVIEW CRITERIA.- SUBAWARDS ARE NOT PLANNED FOR THIS AWARD.

SURVEILLANCE CRITICALITY FOR SAA

ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES AND PLASMA STRUCTURES IN THE IONOSPHERE AND MAGNETOSPHERE NEAR THE PLASMA PAUSE

EMBRY-RIDDLE AERONAUTICAL UNIVERSITY IS AN INDEPENDENT NON-SECTARIAN NOT-FOR-PROFIT. CO-EDUCATIONAL UNIVERSITY SERVING CULTURALLY DIVERSE STUDENTS

NOVEL DUAL QUATERNION BASED MODEL AND CONTROL FOR GRAVITY RECOVERY MISSIONS

IRES TRACK 1: ADVANCING MATERIALS AND COMBUSTION TECHNOLOGIES FOR NEXT GENERATION PROPULSION AND POWER GENERATION SYSTEMS AT THE GERMAN AEROSPACE CENTER (DLR) -WORLDWIDE EFFORTS TO MEET NEXT GENERATION PROPULSION CAPABILITIES FOR HYPERSONIC SUBORBITAL AND REUSABLE SPACE VEHICLES RELY ON INTERDISCIPLINARY AND TRANSFORMATIONAL TECHNOLOGIES. THIS IRES PROVIDES FOCUSED OPPORTUNITIES OF NEW AND DISRUPTIVE RESEARCH IN ADVANCED MATERIALS AND COMBUSTION THAT CULMINATE IN A 2-MONTH EXPERIENCE FOR U.S. STUDENTS, BOTH AT THE GRADUATE AND UNDERGRADUATE LEVELS, EVERY YEAR FOR 3 YEARS AT THE GERMAN AEROSPACE CENTER (DLR). THE COLLABORATION OFFERS EXPERIENCES IN MANUFACTURING AND TESTING USING LARGE-SCALE UNIQUE FACILITIES AT DLR INCLUDING A STATE-OF-THE-ART HIGH-TEMPERATURE COATING DEPOSITION SYSTEM AND HIGH-PRESSURE SHOCK TUBE. STUDENTS GAIN AN INSIGHT TO HOW INTERDEPENDENCIES OPERATE WHERE DIFFERENT PHYSICAL MECHANISMS IN COMBUSTION AFFECT MATERIALS AND HOW THIS INTEGRATES WITH THE OVERALL ENGINE SYSTEM PERFORMANCE. A UNIQUE PARTNERSHIP WITH THE ARGONNE NATIONAL LABORATORY SETS THE STAGE FOR JOINT SYNCHROTRON EXPERIMENTS ENSURING A TWO-WAY EXCHANGE FOR EXPERIENCES OF SIGNIFICANT SCIENTIFIC IMPACT AND EXCELLENT MENTORSHIP FROM BOTH GERMAN AND US-BASED SCIENTISTS. THE PROJECT HAS FAR REACHING SOCIETAL BENEFITS IN CREATING NEXT GENERATION ENERGY, PROPULSION AND TRANSPORTATION TECHNOLOGIES. THE EDUCATIONAL BROADER IMPACT OF THE INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH IS ACHIEVED THROUGH I) OPPORTUNITIES FOR A DIVERSE GROUP OF STUDENTS TO EXPERIENCE COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH IN HIGHLY ADVANCED FACILITIES WITH MENTORING FROM WORLD-KNOWN SCIENTISTS AND PEERS II) TRAINING OF THE NEXT GENERATION OF INTERDISCIPLINARY GLOBAL SCIENTISTS TO SUPPORT ADVANCED GAS TURBINE AND HYPERSONIC INITIATIVES III) OUTREACH THROUGH ACTIVITIES WITH LOCAL HIGH SCHOOL AND MIDDLE SCHOOL STUDENTS, INTERACTIVE BLOGS AND PODCASTS AS WELL AS THROUGH A NEW INITIATIVE OF INTERACTIVE SKYPE SESSIONS WHICH CONNECTS GERMAN SCIENTISTS TO US CLASSROOMS. THIS IRES PROJECT FACILITATES INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCES FOR U.S. STUDENTS, THROUGH COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH BETWEEN THE GERMAN AEROSPACE CENTER (DLR) AND THE UNIVERSITY OF CENTRAL FLORIDA (UCF) TO EXTEND THE DURABILITY AND HIGH TEMPERATURE CAPABILITY OF MATERIAL SYSTEMS FOR LEADING EDGES, TURBINE AND COMBUSTOR COMPONENTS AND TO ELUCIDATE IMPURITIES AND DILUENTS ON COMBUSTION PERFORMANCE OF NEW FUELS. MEANWHILE, SUCH DIRECTED EFFORTS CAN ALSO ENHANCE THE AREA OF POWER GENERATION, REMOVING PATHWAYS TO NOX, COMBATING CO2 EMISSIONS AND INCREASING EFFICIENCY THROUGH SEQUESTRATION. THE ADVANCEMENT OF TRANSFORMATIONAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THESE AREAS CAN BE MET THROUGH DEDICATED, INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH FOCUS ON I) NEW COMBUSTION STRATEGIES INCLUDING EXCEPTIONAL FUEL REACTIONS; II) DESIGN AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MATERIALS THAT CAN WITHSTAND HIGH AND ULTRA-HIGH TEMPERATURES WITH INTEGRITY AND DURABILITY AND III) THERMAL MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES THAT LEVERAGE ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TO SUPPORT BOTH MATERIALS AND COMBUSTION NEEDS. RESULTS SERVE TO ENHANCE THE DESIGN OF OPTIMIZED COMBUSTION PERFORMANCE THAT NEED RELIABLE MATERIAL SYSTEMS TO ENABLE ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES IN PROPULSION AND ENERGY. THIS AWARD REFLECTS NSF'S STATUTORY MISSION AND HAS BEEN DEEMED WORTHY OF SUPPORT THROUGH EVALUATION USING THE FOUNDATION'S INTELLECTUAL MERIT AND BROADER IMPACTS REVIEW CRITERIA.

CAREER: SCALE-INDEPENDENT MEASURES AND PREDICTION OF SPACE WEATHER

YEAR EIGHT, MANAGEMENT & ADMINISTRATIVE SUPPORT - GENERAL AVIATION CENTER OF EXCELLENCE

AS THE MISSION TO LAND ON THE MOON CREEPS CLOSE THERE ARE A PLETHORA OF FACTORS TO CONSIDER THAT COULD AFFECT AEROSPACE STRUCTURES.

COLLABORATIVE:ELEMENTS:CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE FOR PEDESTRIAN DYNAMICS-BASED ANALYSIS OF INFECTION PROPAGATION THROUGH AIR TRAVEL

EAGER: NORTH AMERICAN MONSOON PREDICTION USING CAUSALITY INFORMED MACHINE LEARNING -THIS RESEARCH SEEKS BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF MONSOON THUNDERSTORM ACTIVITY AND PRECIPITATION IN THE SOUTHWEST. THE PROJECT CREATES AN INNOVATIVE MACHINE LEARNING TOOL TRAINED USING REGIONAL NUMERICAL WEATHER MODEL OUTPUT AND SATELLITE REMOTE SENSING DATA (THE PREDICTORS) WITH RESPECT TO KNOWN THUNDERSTORM CELL LOCATIONS AND INTENSITIES DETECTED BY RADAR (THE TARGETS). THE TOOL WILL BE DESIGNED TO EXTRACT IMPORTANT FUNDAMENTAL RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN THE PREDICTORS AND TARGETS THAT HELP EXPLAIN THE DEVELOPMENT AND EVOLUTION OF THUNDERSTORMS. AFTER AN INTENSE TRAINING, VALIDATION AND TESTING PHASE, THE RELATIONSHIPS WILL THEN BE LEVERAGED TO GENERATE BETTER FORECASTS OF THE TIMING, SEVERITY AND LOCATION OF FUTURE THUNDERSTORM EVENTS IN THE SOUTHWEST. THE TOOL WILL BE SHARED WITH THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TO HELP FORECASTERS PREDICT THUNDERSTORM-RELATED HAZARDS SUCH AS LARGE HAIL, FLASH FLOODING OR WILDFIRE IGNITION. THIS INNOVATIVE APPROACH WILL ALSO PROVIDE A FRAMEWORK FOR IMPROVING OPERATIONAL METEOROLOGICAL AND GEOPHYSICAL PREDICTION SYSTEMS AND FOR GUIDING SCIENTIFIC FIELD STUDIES. THE PROJECT DEVELOPS A PROBABILISTIC MODEL TO PREDICT CONVECTIVE INITIATION, RAIN RATES, AND CONVECTIVE CELL TRACKS DURING THE WET PHASE OF THE NORTH AMERICAN MONSOON (NAM). PREDICTORS OF CONVECTION (E.G., RELATIVE HUMIDITY, CONVECTIVE AVAILABLE POTENTIAL ENERGY, PRECIPITABLE WATER) WILL BE COLLECTED FROM DYNAMIC MESOSCALE MODEL (HIGH RESOLUTION RAPID REFRESH, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA-WEATHER RESEARCH FORECAST MODEL) ANALYSES AND FORECASTS AND COMBINED WITH NEW SATELLITE-DERIVED OBSERVATIONS OF SOIL MOISTURE AND SURFACE TEMPERATURE TO PRODUCE A UNIQUE PREDICTION TOOL. A NOVEL MACHINE LEARNING APPROACH ? CAUSALITY INFORMED LEARNING ? WILL BE APPLIED TO IDENTIFY THE MOST SUITABLE PREDICTORS FOR FURTHER TRAINING IN A NEURAL NETWORK AND TO GAIN INSIGHT INTO THE PROCESSES GOVERNING CONVECTIVE INITIATION AND EVOLUTION. HOURLY FORECASTS OF PRECIPITATION OCCURRENCE, NATURE, AND CATEGORICAL RAIN RATES WILL BE PRODUCED OPERATIONALLY TO GUIDE FORECASTERS AND FIELD RESEARCH. THIS AWARD REFLECTS NSF'S STATUTORY MISSION AND HAS BEEN DEEMED WORTHY OF SUPPORT THROUGH EVALUATION USING THE FOUNDATION'S INTELLECTUAL MERIT AND BROADER IMPACTS REVIEW CRITERIA.

E. U. - US ATLANTIS PROGRAM