Island Conservation

100TH MERIDIAN INITIATIVE

PROTECTION OF NATURAL RESOURCES: IC AND WS WILL CONTINUE TO WORK TOGETHER TO FINALIZE ALL OPERATIONAL PLANS REQUIRED FOR THIS PROJECT. IC WILL STATION THE COMMENSAL MANAGER ON WAKE THROUGH JANUARY 2025 AND UP TO THREE COMMENSAL TECHNICIANS AND ON WAKE FROM MARCH 2024 THROUGH OCTOBER 2024. THE COMMENSAL TEAM WILL ASSIST WITH ALL ASPECTS OF OPERATIONS THAT OCCUR ON AND OFF WAKE AS WELL AS SERVE AS THE PRIMARY CONTACT FOR ALL PROJECT OUTREACH TO ISLAND RESIDENTS. IC WILL ASSIST WITH ALL ASPECTS OF MOBILIZING THE ERADICATION PROJECT, ALL ACTIONS REQUIRED FOR AERIAL AND GROUND-BASED RODENTICIDE BAITING, AND DEMOBILIZING THE PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE ON-ISLAND IMMEDIATELY AFTER BAITING OPERATIONS CEASE.

RAT ERADICATION PROJECT

PNR: WAKE ATOLL RODENT ERADICATION PROJECT PHASE 2B

BIGGEST BANG FOR YOUR BUCK: USING NASA EARTH OBSERVATIONS TO UNDERSTAND AND MAXIMIZE HOLISTIC ECOSYSTEM BENEFITS FROM.INVASIVE MAMMAL ERADICATIONS ON ISLANDS

IN ALASKA, WHERE THE MAJORITY OF THE U.S. S BREEDING SEABIRDS AND NEARLY HALF OF ITS SHOREBIRDS RESIDE, THE IMPACT OF INVASIVE RODENTS IS PARTICULARLY SEVERE. THE ALASKA MARITIME NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE (AMNWR) HAS BEEN MAKING GREAT STRIDES IN ERADICATING INVASIVE SPECIES FROM THE ALEUTIAN ISLANDS FOR OVER 70 YEARS. WITH THE SUCCESSFUL ERADICATION OF FOXES FROM AMNWR ISLANDS NOW COMPLETE, THE FOCUS HAS SHIFTED TO RATS. IN PARTNERSHIP WITH THE U.S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE, U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH INSPECTION SERVICE, WILDLIFE SERVICES, AND USDA NATIONAL WILDLIFE RESEARCH CENTER (NWRC), ISLAND CONSERVATION AIMS TO VALIDATE AERIAL BAITING AND NON-TARGET SPECIES MITIGATION STRATEGIES ESSENTIAL FOR ERADICATING INVASIVE NORWAY RATS (RATTUS NORVEGICUS) FROM GREAT SITKIN ISLAND WITHIN AMNWR. LEVERAGING LESSONS LEARNED FROM THE 2008 SUCCESSFUL REMOVAL OF NORWAY RATS FROM HAWADAX (RAT) ISLAND IN AMNWR, THIS ENDEAVOR BUILDS UPON PREVIOUS EXPERIENCES TO ENSURE EFFECTIVE RAT ERADICATION ON GREAT SITKIN. WITHIN A DECADE OF RAT REMOVAL, SIGNIFICANT INCREASES WERE OBSERVED AT HAWADAX IN SEVERAL TERRESTRIAL AND MARINE BIRD SPECIES, INCLUDING GRAYCROWNED ROSY-FINCH, SONG SPARROW, PACIFIC WREN, SNOW BUNTING, BLACK OYSTERCATCHER, GLAUCOUSWINGED GULL, AND TUFTED PUFFIN (CROLL ET AL., 2016). NESTS OF THREE BIRD SPECIES NOT RECORDED AS BREEDING ON THE ISLAND WERE SEEN: SONG SPARROW, TUFTED PUFFIN, AND ROCK SANDPIPER. ALSO, BREEDING-ASSOCIATED VOCALIZATIONS OF LEACHS STORM-PETREL, NOT PREVIOUSLY DOCUMENTED, WERE DETECTED. BALD EAGLE AND GLAUCOUSWINGED GULL POPULATIONS SURPASSED PRE-ERADICATION LEVELS, UNDERSCORING THE FACT THAT THE LONG-TERM BENEFITS OF RAT ERADICATION OUTWEIGH SHORT-TERM IMPACTS OF RODENTICIDE ON NON-TARGET SPECIES AND THE ENVIRONMENT. THIS PROJECT WILL CONDUCT FIELD TRIALS TO DETERMINE OPTIMAL RAT BAIT APPLICATION RATES ACROSS DIFFERENT HABITATS, DETERMINE THE UPPER DISTRIBUTIONAL RANGE (INCLUDING SNOW-COVERED ELEVATIONS) OF RATS TO DEVISE TREATMENT STRATEGIES, AND TRIAL VARIOUS BAIT APPLICATION METHODS AROUND FRESHWATER STREAMS AND SENSITIVE HABITATS TO MINIMIZE IMPACTS TO ANADROMOUS SALMON. RAPTOR EXPERTS WILL LEAD FORMALIZED SURVEYS AND TEST ATTRACTANT METHODS FOR AVIAN SCAVENGERS TO MITIGATE NON-TARGET IMPACTS. A SUBAWARD WILL CONTRACT NWRC TO INVESTIGATE PATTERNS OF RODENTICIDE TROPHIC TRANSFER TO BETTER UNDERSTAND POTENTIAL IMPACTS ON SALMON AND SALMON PREDATORS. THE PROJECT AIMS TO BUILD COLLABORATION BETWEEN LOCAL ALASKAN NATIVE COMMUNITIES, REGULATORY AGENCIES, AND OTHER STAKEHOLDERS BY HOSTING AN IN-PERSON WORKSHOP AND VIRTUAL EVENTS. THE INSIGHTS GAINED ON GREAT SITKIN WILL BE PIVOTAL IN ADVANCING RAT ERADICATION EFFORTS AND ALIGN WITH AMNWR S OVERARCHING VISION OF A RAT-FREE ALEUTIAN ISLANDS . SUCCESS ON GREAT SITKIN WILL CATALYZE RESTORATION EFFORTS THROUGHOUT THE ALEUTIAN ARCHIPELAGO, EXTENDING TO KISKA, AMCHITKA, AND ATTU ISLANDS, WHERE POPULATIONS OF BURROW AND CREVICE NESTING SEABIRDS, AS WELL AS ENTIRE ECOSYSTEMS, FACE IMMINENT THREAT FROM RAT INFESTATION. INSIGHTS GAINED FROM THIS RESEARCH WILL INCREASE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ERADICATION TOOLS AND METHODS ON THESE ADDITIONAL ISLANDS WHERE FUTURE RAT ERADICATION SCOPING AND COMPLIANCE IS UNDERWAY.

ALL TASKS ASSOCIATED WITH THIS REQUIREMENT HAVE AN AVIAN AND/OR PREDATOR CONTROL FOCUS AND SHALL BE CONDUCTED ON THE ISLAND OF KAUAI. THE EXECUTION OF THIS PROJECT ASSISTS THE UNITED STATES AIR FORCE TOWARDS COMPLIANCE WITH THE U.S. FISH & WILDLIFE SERVICES BIOLOGICAL OPINION AND THE SUBSEQUENT REMEDIATION EFFORTS RELATED TO ISLAND SEABIRDS.

PNR: WAKE ATOLL RODENT ERADICATION PROJECT, PHASE 3

PROTECTION OF NATURAL RESOURCES: WAKE ATOLL RODENT ERADICATION PROJECT - 2023

ISLAND CONSERVATION IC PROPOSE TO WORK WITH THE COMMUNITIES OF SONSOROL, FANNA, MERIR AND PULO ANNA ISLANDS TO TACKLE CRITICAL INVASIVE SPECIES PROBLEMS IMPACTING THEIR LIVELIHOODS AND COMPROMISING THE ISLANDS RESILIENCE TO CLIMATE CHANGE

INVASIVE SPECIES ERADICATION HAS BEEN SHOWN TO HAVE THE HIGHEST POTENTIAL FOR RECOVERY OF NATIVE SPECIES ON ISLANDS AND HAS PLAYED AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN THE RECOVERY OF U.S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE TRUST RESOURCES, NOTABLY IN ALASKA, THE PACIFIC, AND CARIBBEAN ISLANDS. THIS PROJECT AIMS TO ERADICATE INVASIVE BLACK RATS FROM SAVANA ISLAND, U.S VIRGIN ISLANDS, WITHIN TWO YEARS OF THE PROJECT START DATE. ISLAND CONSERVATION, IN COLLABORATION WITH PARTNERS FROM THE U.S VIRGIN ISLANDS DEPARTMENT OF PLANNING AND NATURAL RESOURCES (DPNR) AND THE U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE-ANIMAL PLANT HEALTH INSPECTION SERVICE, WILL ERADICATE INVASIVE RATS FROM SAVANA, THEREBY ESTABLISHING THE LARGEST INVASIVE PREDATOR-FREE ISLAND IN THE U.S VIRGIN ISLANDS WITH SUITABLE HABITAT FOR ESTABLISHING A HIGHLY RESILIENT ENDANGERED VIRGIN ISLANDS TREE BOA (VI BOA, CHILABOTHRUS GRANTI) POPULATION. THE VI BOA IS CLASSIFIED AS ENDANGERED BY THE U.S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE. THE U.S FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE CARIBBEAN ECOLOGICAL SERVICES FIELD OFFICE AND SUBJECT MATTER EXPERTS HAVE IDENTIFIED BLACK RATS AS ONE OF THE MAIN THREATS TO THE SURVIVAL AND RECOVERY OF THE VI BOA. ONCE THE ISLAND IS FREE OF DAMAGING, INVASIVE RATS, A USVI BOA POPULATION CAN BE INTRODUCED, CREATING A HAVEN FOR THIS UNIQUE SPECIES. THE ERADICATION OF INVASIVE RATS FROM SAVANA ISLAND WILL INVOLVE THE USE OF A RODENTICIDE THAT IS SPECIALLY FORMULATED FOR ISLAND ERADICATION PROJECTS. THE RODENTICIDE WILL BE APPLIED ACROSS THE ISLAND AT A SPECIFIC RATE BY EITHER A DRONE OR A HELICOPTER. BECAUSE BIOSECURITY IS SO CRITICAL TO ENSURING THAT PROJECT OUTCOMES ARE SUSTAINED (I.E., PREVENTING THE REINTRODUCTION OF RATS OR NEW SPECIES FROM BEING UNINTENTIONALLY INTRODUCED TO SAVANA ISLAND) WE WILL WORK TO STRENGTHEN THE BIOSECURITY PROGRAM FOR SAVANA ISLAND THROUGH ADDITIONAL TRAINING AND MATERIALS FOR DPNR. DUE TO RODENT BREEDING CHARACTERISTICS, IT IS RECOMMENDED THAT A 12-MONTH PERIOD ELAPSES AFTER THE ERADICATION BEFORE THE SUCCESS OF THE ERADICATION IS EVALUATED, CALLED ERADICATION CONFIRMATION. CONFIRMATION INVOLVES DEPLOYING A TEAM OF SPECIALISTS TO THE ISLAND TO CONDUCT SYSTEMATIC AND OPPORTUNISTIC SURVEYS OF THE ISLAND FOR ANY SIGNS OF RATS. BASED ON THIS FIELD EVIDENCE, THE PARTNERSHIP WILL BE IN A POSITION TO DECLARE THE SUCCESS OF THE RODENT ERADICATION AND GET TO WORK WITH PARTNERS DEVELOPING THE TRANSLOCATION PLAN FOR ESTABLISHING A POPULATION OF THE ENDANGERED VI BOA ON SAVANA.

THIS MULTI-PHASE PROJECT WILL SUPPORT RESTORATION OF SEABIRDS ON MONA ISLAND, PUERTO RICO THROUGH INVASIVE SPECIES ERADICATION AND WILL PROMOTE RECOLONIZATION AND COLONY GROWTH OF KEY SEABIRD SPECIES INJURED IN THE DEEPWATER HORIZON (DWH) OIL SPILL AND BENEFIT OTHER NATIVE, IMPERILED WILDLIFE AND HABITATS. MONA ISLAND IS A 13,600-ACRE NATURE RESERVE MANAGED BY PUERTO RICO S DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES (PRDNER). IT IS UNINHABITED AND SAFEGUARDED FOR ITS SIGNIFICANT HABITAT POTENTIAL FOR NATIVE WILDLIFE, PARTICULARLY BIRDS. THE PRESENCE OF INVASIVE MAMMALS HAS CAUSED LOCAL EXTIRPATIONS AND REDUCED REMNANT POPULATIONS OF NATIVE WILDLIFE. THE REMOVAL OF RATS, MICE, CATS AND PIGS ON MONA WOULD FULLY RECOVER THE INJURY FROM THE DWH SPILL FOR NINE AFFECTED SEABIRD SPECIES. ISLAND CONSERVATION, THE U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, AND THE U.S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE, ALONG WITH OUR PARTNERS AT THE PUERTO RICO DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES, WILL REMOVE INVASIVE RATS, MICE, FERAL CATS AND FERAL PIGS FROM MONA. GOAT REMOVAL WILL NOT BE INCLUDED IN THIS PROJECT. TRAPPING, HUNTING AND TOXICANTS WILL ELIMINATE THE MAJOR PREDATION THREATS FOR SEABIRDS AND ENDEMIC WILDLIFE, WHILE SEABIRD SOCIAL ATTRACTION ACTIVITIES AND NATIVE AND ENDEMIC PLANT RESTORATION WORK WILL DRAMATICALLY IMPROVE HABITAT QUALITY. THE ISLAND IS HOME TO MORE THAN 400 VASCULAR PLANTS, EIGHT ENDEMIC REPTILE SPECIES (INCLUDING THE ENDANGERED MONA IGUANA CYCLURA CORNUTA STEJNEGERI), AND AT LEAST 24 SPECIES OF ENDEMIC INVERTEBRATES. IT ALSO HOSTS THE LARGEST BREEDING COLONY OF THE CRITICALLY ENDANGERED HAWKSBILL SEA TURTLE (ERETMOCHELYS IMBRICATA) IN THE WHOLE OF THE CARIBBEAN REGION, AS WELL AS MORE THAN 117 BIRD SPECIES (INCLUDING THE ENDEMIC AND ENDANGERED PUERTO RICO YELLOWSHOULDERED BLACKBIRD AGELAIUS XANTHOMUS). THE ISLAND SUPPORTS A SUBTROPICAL DRY FOREST ECOSYSTEM, ONE OF THE MOST THREATENED ECOSYSTEM TYPES IN THE WORLD AND ONE OF ONLY TWO DRYFOREST SITES IN PUERTO RICO. THE PROPOSED INVASIVE SPECIES REMOVAL ACTIVITIES ARE IDENTIFIED IN MONAS MANAGEMENT PLAN AND WILL COMPLEMENT ONGOING CONSERVATION EFFORTS. ONCE THESE INVASIVE MAMMALS ARE REMOVED, SOCIAL ATTRACTION WILL FACILITATE THE RECOLONIZATION AND GROWTH OF SEVERAL SEABIRD POPULATIONS, INCLUDING THE AUDUBONS SHEARWATER. THIS NEAR THREATENED SPECIES IS A CRITICAL CONSERVATION PRIORITY FOR THE CARIBBEAN WITH ONLY 1% OF ITS HISTORICAL POPULATION REMAINING. WITH AN ESTIMATED CAPACITY FOR 15,000 BREEDING PAIRS, MONA COULD HARBOR A SIGNIFICANT COLONY OF THIS RARE SEABIRD. RECENT RECORDS (2016) OF AUDUBONS SHEARWATER AND BRIDLED TERN NESTS ON MONA SUGGEST THESE SPECIES MAY BE UTILIZING THE ISLAND IN SMALL NUMBERS, THEREBY FACILITATING THEIR RECOVERY AFTER OUR RESTORATION EFFORTS. THE RECENT PRESENCE OF AT LEAST FIVE OTHER DWH INJURED SPECIES ON NEARBY MONITO ISLAND WILL PROVIDE A PROMISING SOURCE POPULATION FOR THE RECOLONIZATION OF MONA. PHASE 1 OF THE PROJECT INCLUDES LAUNCHING COMPREHENSIVE PROJECT PLANNING AND DEFINING PROJECT MANAGEMENT STRUCTURES. THE PROJECT GOALS FOR THE FIRST YEAR INCLUDE: 1) FORMALIZING PROJECT MANAGEMENT AND PLANNING STRUCTURES 2) ESTABLISHING A COOPERATIVE AGREEMENT FOR FERAL PIG ERADICATION 3) DEVELOPING LOCAL AWARENESS AND AN OUTREACH PROGRAM 4) DRAFTING OPERATIONAL PLANS FOR FERAL PIG ERADICATION 5) CREATING DRAFT TRIAL AND RESEARCH STRATEGIES FOR ELIMINATING RODENTS AND CATS 6) UPDATING DRAFT STRATEGIES FOR INVASIVE SPECIES REMOVAL AND 7) CONDUCTING SITE VISITS TO MONA ISLAND. THIS PROJECT REPRESENTS A COMPREHENSIVE EFFORT TO RESTORE MONA ISLAND S ECOLOGICAL HEALTH AND RECOVER SEABIRD POPULATIONS LOST DURING THE DWH OIL SPILL BY ERADICATING INVASIVE SPECIES AND FOSTERING THE RECOVERY OF CRITICAL NATIVE AND ENDEMIC SPECIES.

DESCRIPTION:THE SOUTHERN RHODE ISLAND CONSERVATION DISTRICT (SRICD) SEEKS FUNDS FROM SNEP'S SOAR GRANTS TO FURTHER IMPLEMENT THE RESILIENT RIVERFRONT RENEWAL PROJECT UNDERWAY IN WESTERLY, RHODE ISLAND. ALONG THE TIDALLY-INFLUENCED PAWCATUCK RIVER, IN THE BUSINESS DISTRICT OF MAIN STREET AND SURROUNDING DAC NEIGHBORHOODS, THE OVERALL PROJECT SEEKS TO: IMPROVE THE HEALTH OF OUR WATERSHED WITH NATURE-BASED SOLUTIONS FOR STORMWATER QUANTITY AND QUALITY; PROMOTE SAFE COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT WITH BUSINESS SERVICES AND THE PAWCATUCK RIVER; CREATE LONG-TERM RESILIENCY WITH ASSESSMENT OF VULNERABILITIES TO SEA LEVEL RISE AND CLIMATE CHANGE; ENGAGE DAC COMMUNITY PARTICIPANTS IN WORKFORCE TRAINING AND EMPLOYMENT FOR MAINTENANCE OF NATURE-BASED SOLUTIONS.ACTIVITIES:DESIGN, PERMIT, AND INSTALL GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE FOR STORMWATER MANAGEMENT ON PRIVATE PROPERTIES ALONG MAIN STREET TO ENGAGE THE PUBLIC, COLLECT FEEDBACK ON THE MASTERPLAN, AND LAUNCH THE FINAL DESIGN OF THE STREETSCAPE SO THAT IT IS READY FOR PERMITTING. THE STREETSCAPE INCLUDES VEGETATED GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE FOR STORMWATER MANAGEMENT IN THE STREET RIGHT OF WAY (ROW); CURB CUT REDESIGN TO IMPROVE TRAFFIC FLOW AND PEDESTRIAN SAFETY (PER THE ALREADY COMPLETED TRAFFIC STUDY); AND IMPROVEMENTS TO THE STREET DIET, SIDEWALKS, PASSIVE PLANTINGS, AND SIGNAGE. WITH 70% DESIGN IN HAND, WE WILL BE ABLE TO ATTRACT THE LARGER FUNDING NEEDED FOR PERMITTING AND IMPLEMENTATION. SUBRECIPIENT:NO SUBAWARDS ARE INCLUDED IN THIS ASSISTANCE AGREEMENT.OUTCOMES:TASK 1: DESIGN OF STREETSCAPE AND ROW GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE FOR STORMWATER MANAGEMENT TASK 2: PUBLIC OUTREACH TASK 3: INITIAL PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT OF SRICD'S 'GREENSTREET STEWARDS WORK TEAM' TASK 4: PROJECT MANAGEMENT BETWEEN THE ENGINEERING FIRM, THE TOWN OF WESTERLY, AND MAIN ST. STAKEHOLDERS TASK 5: PROJECT ADMINISTRATION AND REPORTING. INTENDED BENEFICIARIES INCLUDE THE DISADVANTAGED COMMUNITIES ON/AROUND MAIN STREET AS WELL AS THE TOWN OF WESTERLY. SRICD SERVES ALL TOWNS IN ITS DISTRICT (SOUTH OF WARWICK, RI). THIS PROJECT'S OUTREACH EFFORTS AND CONNECTION TO OTHER SIGNIFICANT REGIONAL EFFORTS IN STORMWATER AND ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT WILL HELP ENSURE ITS CONTINUED SUSTAINABILITY AND MOMENTUM FOR FUTURE INVESTMENTS. THE PLANNING EFFORTS FOR DEVELOPING A GREENSTREET STEWARDS WORK TEAM WILL DIRECTLY ENGAGE DAC COMMUNITY MEMBERS IN LEARNING ABOUT THE VALUES OF NATURE-BASED STORMWATER SOLUTIONS AND PREPARE TO TRAIN THEM IN TRANSFERABLE WORK SKILLS WHICH WILL BE PUT TO USE IN COST-EFFECTIVE MAINTENANCE HELP TO LANDOWNERS AND THE TOWN OF WESTERLY.

ISLAND CONSERVATION PROPOSES TO PARTNER WITH THE MINISTRY FOR NATURAL RESOURCES AND COMMERCE (MNRC) AND THE MARSHALL ISLAND CONSERVATION SOCIETY (MICS) TO COMPLETE THE FIRST EVER DRONE BASED INVASIVE ALIEN SPECIES (IAS) ERADICATION IN THE REPUBLIC OF THE MARSHALL ISLANDS. AS A FIRST STEP FOR THE PROJECT, IC WILL WORK WITH PARTNERS AND THE COMMUNITY OF WOTJE TO IDENTIFY AND PRIORITIZE UP TO FOUR ISLETS WHERE RODENT ERADICATION WILL HAVE THE GREATEST BENEFIT TO NATIVE TERRESTRIAL AND MARINE SPECIES AND NATURAL RESOURCES UTILIZED BY THE COMMUNITY. IC WILL THEN JOINTLY DEVELOP BIOSECURITY AND OPERATIONAL PLANS FOR THE REMOVAL OF RATS FROM JEMO AND FROM THE WOTJE ISLETS WITH THEIR LOCAL COMMUNITIES

CRNR-IC-2021-4

WS INITIATIVE: PNR. WAKE ATOLL ERADICATION PROJECT

CRNR IC 2022 10 CREATING CAPACITY FOR INVASIVE SPECIES ERADICATIONS IN THE U S VIRGIN ISLANDS AND A NEW REFUGE FOR THE ENDANGERED VIRGIN ISLANDS TREE BOA

PROTECTING NT MIGRANTS FROM INVASIVE SPECIES ON DESECHEO ISLAND

MANAGEMENT SPECIES, HAWAIIAN PETREL SEABIRD MONITORING

REMOVING RATS

CRI-FSM-2018-1 ISLAND CONSERVATION

ERADICATION OF INVASIVE MONITOR LIZARDS

ISLAND CONSERVATION-REMOVING FERAL CATS

ISLAND CONSERVATION (IC) PROPOSES TO WORK WITH THE MICRONESIAN REGIONAL INVASIVE SPECIES COUNCIL (RISC) TO COORDINATE AND ASSIST THE FSM, THE REPUBLIC OF PALAU, AND CNMI TO EACH MEET THEIR TARGETS ON THE ERADICATION OF INVASIVE ALIEN SPECIES (IAS). TO ACCOMPLISH THIS, IC WILL ORGANIZE WORKSHOPS AND INDIVIDUAL ISLAND CONSULTATIONS THAT ASSIST EACH RISC FOCAL POINT, PREPARING AND LEVERAGING ALL THE WORK THAT IS BEING DONE ON EACH ISLAND INTO A COHESIVE AND CLEAR VISION AND ACTIONS TOWARDS REACHING THE RECENTLY ADOPTED MICRONESIAN CHALLENGE (MC) GOALS FOR INVASIVE SPECIES AND IMPLEMENTING THE PACIFIC ECOLOGICAL SECURITY CONFERENCE (PESC) STRATEGIC ACTION PLAN BY 2030.

ISLANDS IN THE GULF OF MEXICO AND THE CARIBBEAN ARE HOME TO SOME OF THE GREATEST BIODIVERSITY IN NORTH AMERICA AND YET THESE SAME ISLANDS ARE UNDER SIGNIFICANT THREAT BY INVASIVE PLANTS AND ANIMALS (INVASIVE ALIEN SPECIES OR IAS) THREATENING SOME SPECIES WITH EXTINCTION. WHAT IS MORE ISLANDS IN THE CARIBBEAN ARE OFTEN MANAGED BY MULTIPLE FEDERAL AGENCIES LOCAL COMMUNITIES AND NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS (NGOS) THAT OPERATE DIFFERENTLY AND OFTEN REQUIRE A VARIETY OF LOCAL SOLUTIONS INFORMED BY NATIONAL REGIONAL GLOBAL STRATEGIES FOR PREVENTING IAS INCURSIONS AND FOR RESTORING ISLANDS. BUILDING UPON A STRONG U.S. FOUNDATION FOR AN INTEGRATED APPROACH TO IAS PREVENTION AND ISLAND RESTORATION ISLAND CONSERVATION WILL FACILITATE IMPROVED GOVERNANCE AND COLLABORATION IN THE REGION. ISLAND CONSERVATION PROPOSES TO ESTABLISH A FORMALIZED NETWORK OF PARTNERS FOR THE GULF AND U.S. CARIBBEAN FOCUSED ON IAS PREVENTION AND RESTORATION OF ISLANDS ANCHORED ON A FIVE YEAR STRATEGY WHICH IMPROVES IAS MANAGEMENT INCLUDING BIOSECURITY PREVENTION AND RAPID RESPONSE AND ACTIVE RESTORATION TO PROTECT CRITICAL SPECIES AND HABITATS AND PROMOTE CLIMATE RESILIENCE.

RECOVERY OF THE ENDANGERED VIRGIN ISLANDS TREE BOA THROUGH INTRODUCTION OF NEW POPULATIONS

RECOVERY LISTED AND AT-RISK SPECIES IN PUERTO RICO AND US VIRGIN ISLANDS THROUGH INVASIVE SPECIES MANAGEMENT

PROMOTE RECOVERY EFFORTS FOR SOLANUM

ISLAND CONSERVATION, AND ITS PARTNERS AT THE VIRGIN ISLANDS DEPARTMENT OF PLANNING AND NATURAL RESOURCES, NORTH CAROLINA ZOO, AND GREENSBORO SCIENCE CENTER ARE PROPOSING TO ESTABLISH A NEW POPULATION OF THE ENDANGERED VIRGIN ISLANDS TREE BOA THROUGH THE ERADICATION OF INVASIVE RATS FROM SAVANA ISLAND, U.S. VIRGIN ISLANDS. THE VI BOA POPULATION IS LIMITED TO AS FEW AS 1,500 INDIVIDUALS AND RESTRICTED TO SEVEN WIDELY DISPERSED SITES IN PUERTO RICO AND THE U.S. AND BRITISH VIRGIN ISLANDS, MANY OF WHICH ARE THREATENED BY DAMAGING INVASIVE SPECIES (E.G., RODENTS, CATS) AND SEA LEVEL RISE. WITH THE HELP AND SUPPORT OF THE U.S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE AND OTHER EXPERTS, THE PARTNERSHIP IDENTIFIED THAT ESTABLISHING A NEW POPULATION OF VI BOAS ON SAVANA ISLAND IS A CRITICAL ACTION FOR CONSERVING THIS THREATENED SPECIES. BY ERADICATING RATS, THE HABITAT ON SAVANA WILL BE MADE SUITABLE TO ESTABLISH A BRAND-NEW POPULATION OF BOAS AND PAVE THE WAY FOR OTHER VI BOA INTRODUCTIONS IN THE REGION. TWO VI BOA POPULATIONS WERE ESTABLISHED ON OFFSHORE CAYS IN THE 1990S AFTER THE SUCCESSFUL ERADICATION OF RATS AND HUNDREDS OF SUCCESSFUL RAT ERADICATIONS HAVE BEEN SAFELY CONDUCTED ACROSS THE GLOBE. THIS PROJECT WILL ESTABLISH AN ADDITIONAL VI BOA POPULATION WHERE THREATS FROM INVASIVE MAMMALS ARE NOT PRESENT AND WHERE SEA LEVEL RISE WILL HAVE MINIMAL IMPACT ON THE HABITAT OR THE BOA. WE AIM TO COMPLETE THE MOST COST-EFFECTIVE RAT ERADICATION STRATEGY WITH THE GREATEST LIKELIHOOD OF SUCCESS BY CONDUCTING AN AERIAL BROADCAST OF A SPECIALIZED RODENT BAIT ACROSS THE ISLAND. IN PARALLEL, WE WILL WORK WITH PARTNERS TO PUT IN PLACE COMPREHENSIVE AND PRACTICAL BIOSECURITY MEASURES FOR PREVENTION, SURVEILLANCE, AND RESPONSE TO RAT INCURSIONS AND NEW INVASIVE THREATS SO THAT OUR EFFORTS AND VALUABLE CONSERVATION FUNDING WILL BE PROTECTED IN THE FUTURE. TWELVE MONTHS AFTER THE ERADICATION, A TEAM WILL RETURN TO SAVANA TO INITIATE THE CONFIRMATION PHASE TO DETERMINE THE SUCCESS OF THE ERADICATION. USING A SUITE OF DETECTION TOOLS SUCH AS CAMERA TRAPS, ULTRASONIC RECORDERS, AND TRACKING TUNNELS, THE TEAM WILL COLLECT SCIENCE-BASED DATA TO CONFIRM THE PROJECT WAS SUCCESSFUL IN ERADICATING RATS. ONCE THE ISLAND IS CONFIRMED FREE OF RATS, WE WILL COLLABORATE WITH PARTNERS TO CREATE A WORKPLAN FOR TRANSLOCATING THE VI BOA POPULATION FROM EXISTING POPULATIONS IN THE U.S. VIRGIN ISLANDS AND FROM A CAPTIVE FACILITY TO SAVANA ISLAND THROUGH AN IN-PERSON WORKSHOP. AS A PROJECT OUTCOME, PARTNERS WILL ESTABLISH THE LARGEST PROTECTED, THREAT-FREE REFUGE FOR THE VI BOA, HELPING THE SPECIES RECOVERY, ENHANCING ESSENTIAL HABITAT, AND CREATING A PATHWAY TO ESTABLISH ADDITIONAL VI BOA POPULATIONS WITHIN PUERTO RICO (E.G., CULEBRITA AND LUIS PEA) AND THE U.S. VIRGIN ISLANDS.

TO ASSIST IN THE RETURN OF THE HISTORIC SEABIRD COLONIES AND RESTORATION OF NATIVE ISLAND VEGETATION

MANAGEMENT OF INVASIVE SPECIES IMPACTS TO FEDERAL ENDANGERED SPECIES ON COASTAL OFFSHORE ISLANDS OF PUERTO RICO

KAYANGEL RAT ERADICATION

INVASIVE SPECIES ERADICATION HAS BEEN SHOWN TO HAVE THE HIGHEST POTENTIAL FOR RECOVERY OF NATIVE SPECIES AND HASPLAYED AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN THE RECOVERY OF U.S FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE (FWS) TRUST RESOURCES. THIS PROJECTWILL FOCUS ITS EFFORTS ON ADDRESSING THE FWS COASTAL PROGRAM STRATEGIC GOALS IN THE CARIBBEAN BY PROMOTING THEECOLOGICAL RESTORATION AND ENHANCEMENT OF COASTAL FORESTS, THE MANAGEMENT OF MAJOR THREATS TO ENDANGERED SPECIES, AND THE ENHANCEMENT OF ESSENTIAL HABITAT FOR STATE AND FEDERAL LISTED SPECIES. THROUGH THIS PROJECT, WE WILL STRENGTHEN THE PLANNING AND PREPARATION OF PARTNERS FOR THE ERADICATION OF BLACK RATS (RATTUS RATTUS) FROMCULEBRITA ISLAND AND LUIS PEA CAY, CULEBRA NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE (CNWR), PUERTO RICO. THE PROJECT WILL HAVE THE FOLLOWING OBJECTIVES: 1) IDENTIFY THE REGULATORY COMPLIANCE PROCESSES OF FEDERAL AND STATE AGENCIES FOR A RAT ERADICATION, 2) ADVANCE OPERATIONAL PLANNING THROUGH RESEARCH AND CONSULTATIONS, 3) FINALIZE THE BIOSECURITY PLAN TO PREVENT THE REINVASION OF RODENTS AFTER THE ERADICATION, 4) EVALUATE EXISTING BIOLOGICAL MONITORING PROTOCOLSOF SPECIES OF CONCERN FOR THE CNWR STAFF AND COLLECT BASELINE DATA BEFORE THE REMOVAL OF RODENTS. THIS PROJECTALIGNS WITH THE CNWR COMPREHENSIVE CONSERVATION PLAN (CCP) AND WITH THE SOUTHEAST REGIONAL STRATEGY OF DELISTING SPECIES AND CONSERVING AT-RISK SPECIES TO PRECLUDE FURTHER LISTING AS WELL AS IDENTIFIED BY STATE AGENCIES.THE GOAL OF THIS PROJECT IS TO BUILD UPON ONGOING RESTORATION EFFORTS TO ADVANCE THE RECOVERY OF FIVE LISTEDSPECIES (VIRGIN ISLANDS TREE BOA, LEPTOCEREUS GRANTIANUS, WHEELER S PEPEROMIA, HAWKSBILL SEA TURTLE, AND THEROSEATE TERN) AND PREVENT THE LISTING OF ONE AT-RISK SPECIES (CULEBRA SKINK). THE PROJECT WILL TARGET THE COASTALPROGRAM FOCUS AREA OF CNWR AND WILL BE FOCUSED ON IMPLEMENTING ACTIONS TO CATALYZE SPECIES RECOVERY BY ADDRESSING THE THREAT OF INVASIVE MAMMALS, AS SPECIFIED IN THE RECOVERY CRITERIA. LUIS PEA CAY AND CULEBRITA ISLAND ARE PART OF A MAJOR SEABIRD SITE IN THE CARIBBEAN (HOME TO 14 NESTING AND 10 VISITING SEABIRD SPECIES) AND SUPPORT A SUITE OF SEABIRD SPECIES INJURED DURING THE DEEPWATER HORIZON (DWH) OIL SPILL IN THE GULF OF MEXICO IN 2010. RESTORING THESE OFFSHORE ISLETS WILL ADVANCE THE DEPARTMENT OF INTERIORS ONGOING EFFORTS TO MITIGATE THE EFFECTS OF THE DWH OIL SPILL ON AUDUBONS SHEARWATER, BROWN NODDY, SOOTY TERN, BRIDLED TERN AND WHITE-TAILED TROPICBIRD.CULEBRITA ISLAND AND LUIS PENA CAY ARE PART OF THE LIST OF PRIORITY ISLANDS FOR INVASIVE SPECIES MANAGEMENT ANDRESTORATION FOR THE NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE SYSTEM IN THE FWS. IN ADDITION, BOTH SITES ARE PRIORITY AREAS OF THESOUTHEAST CONSERVATION BLUEPRINT CONSIDERING THE IMPORTANCE OF ISLAND HABITAT FOR FEDERALLY LISTED AND OTHERIMPERILED SPECIES. THIS PROJECT HAS THE PRIMARY INTENTION OF TRANSITIONING TO THE SECOND PLANNING PHASE OF THEERADICATION OF BLACK RATS FROM CULEBRITA ISLAND AND LUIS PEA CAY. THE EXPECTED OUTCOMES AND DELIVERABLES ARE 1) A LIST OF FEDERAL AND STATE COMPLIANCE NEEDS ASSOCIATED WITH AERIAL BROADCAST OF RODENTICIDE USING A NOVEL DRONE TECHNOLOGY AND COMPLETING AT LEAST TWO CONSULTATIONS WITH REGULATORY BODIES 2) A REVISED AND DETAILED (SECOND PHASE) OPERATIONAL PLAN THAT BUILDS ON AN EXISTING PLAN AND INCLUDES THE METHODOLOGY, EQUIPMENT, PERSONNEL, LOGISTICS, COMMUNICATIONS, MONITORING PROTOCOLS, NON-TARGET MITIGATION ACTIONS, AND OPERATIONAL BUDGET NEEDED TO IMPLEMENT THE ERADICATION 3) A REVISED AND DETAILED (SECOND PHASE) BIOSECURITY PLAN WHICH ENCOMPASSES RISK PATHWAYS AND BEST PRACTICES GUIDELINES FOR BIOSECURITY MEASURES ON ISLANDS NOT INCLUDED IN THE ORIGINAL PLAN 4) IDENTIFYING BIOLOGICAL MONITORING NEEDS FOR BOTH SITES AND REVIEWING CURRENT METHODOLOGIES AND DATA ANALYSIS, PARTICULARLY FOR SEABIRDS AND 5) BASED ON THE BIOLOGICAL MONITORING NEEDS, COLLECTING BASELINE DATA FOR SPECIES OF CONCERN WHICH THE CNWR STAFF CAN MONITOR ONCE BLACK RATS ARE REMOVED.

INVASIVE SPECIES' MANAGEMENT ON OFFSHORE COASTAL ISLETS OF CULEBRA ISLAND FOR THE RECOVERY OFFEDERAL LISTED SPECIES

TO PARTNER WITH GROWING VETERANS TO GROW NRCS PROGRAM PARTICIPATION BY HU PRODUCERS BY CULTIVATING PROGRAM DESIGN AND LEADERSHIP BY HU PRODUCERS, TARGETED OUTREACH AND EDUCATION, TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

USING INNOVATION TO RESTORE NATURE AND LIVELIHOODS IN PALAU'S SOUTHWEST ISLANDS

RESTORING THE ULITHI ATOLL ECOSYSTEM AND MICRONESIA'S ENDANGERED GREEN SEA TURTLES

RESTORING MIDWAY ATOLL'S ECOSYSTEM THROUGH INVASIVE HOUSE MOUSE ERADICATION

MANAGEMENT OF INVASIVE SPECIES IMPACTS TO FEDERAL ENDANGERED SPECIES ON COASTAL OFFSHORE ISLANDS OF PUERTO RICO (CONTINUATION OF THE PROJECTS F15AC00793 & F18AC00187).

SOUTH AMERICA REGIONAL PROGRAM

COMPREHENSIVE MONITORING PLAN FOR SEABIRDS AND BIOSECURITY PROTOCOLS IMPLEMENTATION AFTER THE ERADICATION OF BLACK RATS IN MONITO ISLAND, PUERTO RICO

TO PROTECT INVASIVE SPECIES ON DESECHEO ISLAND, PUERTO RICO.

WAKE ISLAND RATTUS EXULANS/HERMIT CRAB

WORKSHOP (EXPLORING A REGION-WIDE APPROACH TO RECOVERY PROGRAMS FOR ENDANGERED CARIBBEAN IGUANAS)

WAKE ATOLL RODENT ERADICATION PROJECT

ISLAND CONSERVATION, IN PARTNERSHIP WITH THE U.S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE, WILL IMPLEMENT THE TOOLS AND TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT AND PLANNING FOR RAT MANAGEMENT ON MONOMOY NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE. THIS TWO-YEAR PROJECT (FEB 2026DEC 2027), FUNDED AT $49,972 BY THE NORTHEAST REGIONAL OFFICE (HADLEY, MA), ADDRESSES THE URGENT NEED TO PROTECT NATIVE WILDLIFE THREATENED BY INVASIVE NORWAY RATS (RATTUS NORVEGICUS). THIS WORK WILL EVALUATE EMERGING AND EXISTING RODENT CONTROL OPTIONS, ASSESS STRATEGIES AT MULTIPLE GEOGRAPHIC SCALES, AND IDENTIFY RESEARCH PRIORITIES TO FILL KNOWLEDGE GAPS. THE PROJECT WILL CONSIDER TECHNICAL, SOCIAL, AND LOGISTICAL FACTORS INFLUENCING RODENT MANAGEMENT AND PRODUCE A COMPREHENSIVE REPORT TO GUIDE FUTURE ACTIONS. OUTCOMES WILL INFORM U.S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE DECISION-MAKING AND SUPPORT LONG-TERM CONSERVATION OF CRITICAL ISLAND ECOSYSTEMS.

UTILIZING YOUTH GROUPS FOR NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT AND CONSERVATION PROJECTS

THIS PROPOSAL OUTLINES A FEASIBILITY ASSESSMENT FOR THE ERADICATION OF INVASIVE NORWAY RATS FROM MONOMOY NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE WHICH IS A CRITICAL HABITAT FOR SEVERAL THREATENED AND ENDANGERED SEABIRD SPECIES IN MASSACHUSETTS. THE PRESENCE OF RATS WAS CONFIRMED IN 2023 AND POSES A SIGNIFICANT THREAT TO NATIVE WILDLIFE. THE GREATEST THREAT IS TO NESTING BIRDS SUCH AS COMMON TERNS AND PIPING PLOVERS. ISLAND CONSERVATION IN COLLABORATION WITH THE U.S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE WILL EVALUATE THE TECHNICAL APPROACH WITH HIGHEST PROBABILITY OF SUCCESS. WE WILL IDENTIFY ALTERNATE TECHNICAL APPROACHES AND ASSESS IMPORTANT ADDITIONAL FACTORS RELATED TO THE FEASIBILITY OF THE POTENTIAL PROJECT. THE ASSESSMENT WILL BE INFORMED BY EXISTING LITERATURE AND INCLUDE A SITE VISIT AND ENGAGING WITH STAFF AND LOCAL STAKEHOLDERS. THE FINAL DELIVERABLE WILL BE A COMPREHENSIVE FEASIBILITY ASSESSMENT TO GUIDE FUTURE CONSERVATION ACTIONS AT MONOMOY NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE WITH THE GOAL OF RESTORING ECOLOGICAL BALANCE AND PROTECTING VULNERABLE SPECIES.

MICRO CLOVERS TRIAL WITHIN SMALL SCALE DIVERSIFIED VEGETABLE FARMS IN RI

ISLAND CONSERVATION MONA IGUANA

MANAGEMENT OF INVASIVE SPECIES IMPACTS TO FEDERAL ENDANGERED SPECIES ON COASTAL OFFSHORE ISLANDS OF PUERTO RICO

REFUGES: ISLAND CONS COMM OUTREACH

FACTORS LEADING TO SUCCESSFUL ISLAND RODENT ERADICATIONS FOLOWING INITIAL FAILURE

RECOVERY OF THE CRITICALLY ENDANGERED IGUANA THROUGH INVASIVE SPECIES REMOVAL

*AWD_INBOUND_EXT_STORAGE*

INVASIVE SPECIES ARE A MAJOR THREAT TO THE UNITED STATES BIOIVERSITY, AS WELL AS TO NATIONAL SECURITY, THE ECONOMY, ANDHUMAN HEALTH. THE MANAGEMENT OF INVASIVE SPECIES HELPS THE AIR FORCE ACHIEVE TH

SEABIRD POPULATION RESTORATION AND INVASIVE GREEN IGUANA MANAGEMENT ON DESECHEO ISLAND

RESTORATION OF DESECHEO HABITAT THROUGH REMOVAL OF INVASIVES

*AWD_INBOUND_EXT_STORAGE*

ISLANDS WITHIN THE VIRGIN ISLANDS NATIONAL PARK BOUNDARY FORMERLY HOSTED BREEDING POPULATIONS OF SEABIRDSINCLUDING RED-BILLED TROPICBIRDS. SEABIRD NESTING POPULATIONS ARE DECLINING THROUGHOUT THE CARIBBEAN. MANYNESTING COLONIES FAIL DUE TO THE PRESENCE OF RATS AND MICE, WHICH EAT THE YOUNG AND EGGS OF SEABIRDS. THROUGHTHIS PROJECT, WE WILL COMPLETE AN ASSESSMENT AND CONFIRMATION OF THE OCCUPANCY OF THESE NON-NATIVE PREDATORS ONOFFSHORE CAYS WITHIN THE VIRGIN ISLANDS NATIONAL PARK ADMINISTERED BY THE NATIONAL PARK SERVICE (NPS) IN ST.JOHN. BY COMPLETING THIS ASSESSMENT, RECOMMENDATIONS WILL BE PROVIDED TO IMPLEMENT MANAGEMENT ACTIONS FOR NONNATIVE MAMMALS, BIOSECURITY MEASURES TO PREVENT INCURSIONS OF ADDITIONAL NON-NATIVE MAMMALS, IMPLEMENTATION OFTHE SEABIRD MONITORING PLAN, AS WELL AS THE USE OF FIELD TECHNIQUES TO ATTRACT SEABIRDS TO THESE CAYS ANDENHANCE THE ISLAND AND MARINE ECOSYSTEMS. THIS PROJECT ALIGNS WITH THE USFWS SOUTHEAST REGIONAL STRATEGY TOIMPROVE THE STATUS OF SPECIES OF GREATEST CONSERVATION NEED, THE USFWS COASTAL PROGRAM STRATEGIC GOALS IN THECARIBBEAN, THE U.S VIRGIN ISLANDS SPECIES ACTION PLAN, AND THE ANIMAL DAMAGE CONTROL ACT AND THE ORGANIC ACT FORNPS. THE PROJECT WILL BE COORDINATED BY IC WITH SUPPORT FROM NPS, U.S FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE (USFWS), THEVIRGIN ISLANDS DEPARTMENT OF PLANNING AND NATURAL RESOURCES DIVISION OF FISH AND WILDLIFE (DPNR-DFW), AND THEFRIENDS OF THE VIRGIN ISLANDS NATIONAL PARK, AS NEEDED, DURING THE PLANNING AND IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PROJECTOBJECTIVES.TO ACHIEVE OUR OBJECTIVES, ISLAND CONSERVATION STAFF WILL COLLABORATE WITH NPS PERSONNEL TO CONDUCT A LITERATUREREVIEW OF SEABIRD ACTIVITY AND NON-NATIVE MAMMAL PRESENCE ON EIGHT OFFSHORE CAYS WITHIN THE VIRGIN ISLANDSNATIONAL PARK. WE WILL COMPLEMENT THIS LITERATURE REVIEW WITH A SITE VISIT TO A SUBSET OF THE ISLETS TO GATHERINFORMATION ABOUT NATIVE AND NON-NATIVE SPECIES. WHILE VISITING ISLANDS, WE WILL ALSO ASSESS EXISTINGBIOSECURITY MEASURES AND RISKS FOR THE OFFSHORE CAYS. ONCE THE SITE VISIT IS COMPLETE, WE WILL ASSESS THE USE OFAVAILABLE AND PROVEN TECHNIQUES TO ATTRACT SEABIRDS TO SELECTED OFFSHORE CAYS, SUCH AS DECOYS, SOUND SYSTEMS,AND MIRRORS, TO AUGMENT SEABIRD POPULATIONS. WE WILL ALSO DRAFT A LIST OF RECOMMENDATIONS FOR DEVELOPINGSTANDARDIZED SEABIRD MONITORING PLANS FOR SELECTED OFFSHORE CAYS. FINALLY, WE WILL GENERATE A REPORT WHICHINCLUDES THE LITERATURE REVIEW, FIELD AND DESKTOP ASSESSMENTS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE MANAGEMENT OFINVASIVE MAMMALS IN OFFSHORE CAYS WITHIN THE VIRGIN ISLANDS NATIONAL PARK.

TO PROVIDE FUNDING TOWARDS A REPORT OF THE RECORDED AND ANTIIPATABLE EFFECTS OF HUMAN EXPOSURE TO RODENTICIDE RESIDUES FOLLOWING ISLAND RODENT ERADICATION OPERATIONS.

PRODUCE E-BROCHURE ABOUT INVASIVE SPECIES CONTROL ON ISLANDS

EIS FOR HOUSE MOUSE ERADICATION, FARALLON NWR

DEOB OF F07AC00158