Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute

NSF ENGINEERING RESEARCH CENTER FOR SMART LIGHTING

CARES ACT HEERF - INSTITUTIONAL PORTION

CARES ACT RELIEF FUNDS

REASONING ABOUT EVENT SCHEMAS FOR INDUCTION OF KNOWLEDGE (RESIN)

THE STUDY OF LIFE S ORIGINS ON EARTH IS AGE-OLD FROM ANCIENT PHILOSOPHERS TO CONTEMPORARY SCIENTISTS. IN THE MODERN ERA TOP-DOWN ORIGINS RESEARCH HAS SCOURED THE BIOLOGICAL RECORD TO INFER THE CHARACTER OF EARTH S EARLIEST LIFE. THE CURRENT CENTRAL DOGMA OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY IN WHICH DNA RNA AND PROTEINS ARE THE FOUNDATION FOR HERITABLE CHARACTERISTICS AND CATALYTIC FUNCTION IS THE LAUNCHING POINT TO FIND PRIMITIVE MOLECULES AND PROCESSES THAT GAVE RISE TO LIFE. HOWEVER KNOWLEDGE OF THE THREADS BETWEEN MODERN CELLULAR FUNCTIONS AND THE FIRST EMERGENCE OF PROTOCELLULAR PROCESSES REMAINS TENUOUS. THIS EARLY DISCIPLINARY SPLIT BETWEEN BIOCHEMISTS AND EARTH SCIENTISTS SPAWNED THE DIVERGENT THEORIES FOR LIFE S ORIGINS THAT STILL DIVIDE THE COMMUNITY TODAY. THIS HAS PRODUCED BROADLY THE GENETICS FIRST AND METABOLISM FIRST SCHOOLS OF THOUGHT. THUS FAR NEITHER SCENARIO-DRIVEN APPROACH HAS YIELDED A ROBUST PREBIOTIC PATHWAY UNDER REALISTIC EARLY EARTH CONDITIONS RESULTING IN A POLARIZED RESEARCH COMMUNITY WITH SEVERAL COMPETING SCENARIOS AND HAMPERED BY A LACK OF OBSERVATIONAL AND COMMUNICATION TOOLS TO PRODUCE CROSS-DISCIPLINARY TRANSLATION. REFRESHINGLY THE LAST DECADE WITH IMPETUS FROM THE NAI HAS WITNESSED A REALIZATION OF THE NEED FOR STUDIES OF PREBIOTIC CHEMISTRY AND EARLY EARTH ENVIRONMENTS TO NOT ONLY COLLIDE BUT TO SYNERGIZE. NONETHELESS WHAT REMAINS ELUSIVE EVEN WITH NEWFOUND APPRECIATION FOR THE IMPORTANCE OF LOCAL ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS IS A SYNERGISTIC PICTURE OF A SEQUENCE OF PREBIOTIC PROCESSES CO-EVOLVING WITH THE PLANETARY SYSTEM. THE INEVITABLE CO-EVOLUTION OF EARLY EARTH AND PREBIOTIC CHEMISTRY IS THE GUIDING PRINCIPLE OF OUR RESEARCH ENTERPRISE ADDRESSING A SINGLE COMPELLING QUESTION: WHICH EARLY EARTH ENVIRONMENTS HOSTED THE PREBIOTIC CHEMISTRY THAT LED TO LIFE? WE WILL FOCUS NOT UPON EARLY LIFE ITSELF BUT UPON THE CHEMICAL PATHWAYS THAT MADE LIFE POSSIBLE AND UPON THE ENVIRONMENTS IN WHICH THOSE REACTIONS MIGHT HAVE OCCURRED. OBSERVATIONAL EXPERIMENTAL AND THEORETICAL CONSTRAINTS ON EARLY EARTH ENVIRONMENTS WILL BE OBTAINED BY INTEGRATING GEOCHEMICAL GEOPHYSICAL AND PLANETARY DYNAMICS APPROACHES. NOVEL EXPERIMENTAL AND ANALYTICAL CAPABILITIES TOGETHER WITH COMPUTATIONAL MODELS WILL TEST HYPOTHESES OF PLAUSIBLE PREBIOTIC CHEMISTRIES. THE KEY TO THIS INTERDISCIPLINARY INTERACTION IS THE GATEWAY TO EARLY EARTH (GEE) A FRAMEWORK FOR CO-EVOLVING OUR RESEARCH PROGRAM THAT COMPRISES BOTH NOVEL EXPERIMENTAL FACILITIES AND FORMALIZED VIRTUAL COMPONENTS THAT EXPLORE AND RECREATE EARLY EARTH CONDITIONS. THE VIRTUAL PART OF THE GEE IS COLLECTIVELY THE VIRTUAL EARLY EARTH LABORATORY (VEEL). VEEL PROVIDES FOR CLEARING HOUSE EXPLORATORIUM AND ANALYTIC INVESTIGATIONS OF EARLY EARTH ENVIRONMENTS AND THE ASSOCIATED CO-VARYING CONDITIONS. THE COMPANION EARLY EARTH LAB (EEL) IS AN ULTIMATE TRANSLATOR BETWEEN EARLY EARTH ENVIRONMENTS AND PREBIOTIC CHEMISTRY THAT FAITHFULLY AND OBJECTIVELY RENDERS EARLY EARTH ENVIRONMENTS IN LABORATORY SETTINGS. THE GOALS AND MISSION OF NAI REFLECT THE MISSION AND HISTORY OF THE NEW YORK CENTER FOR ASTROBIOLOGY (NYCA) BASED AT RPI AND A HUB FOR ASTROBIOLOGY RESEARCH FOR MORE THAN THREE DECADES. OUR CURRENT TEAM AT RPI AND 9 OTHER INSTITUTIONS IS WELL-QUALIFIED AND WELL POSITIONED TO BUILD ON THIS HISTORY AND OVER THE NEXT 5 YEARS. INTERDISCIPLINARY INTEGRATION OF OUR RESEARCH NETWORK IS FUNDAMENTAL TO PROGRESS IN ASTROBIOLOGY. ONE OF THE DISTINGUISHING ASPECTS OF OUR PROPOSED WORK IS THE CLOSE ASSOCIATION OF EXPERTS ON GLOBAL AND LOCAL EARLY EARTH ENVIRONMENTS WITH RESEARCHERS ENGAGED IN EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS OF ABIOTIC AND PREBIOTIC CHEMISTRY. OUR COLLABORATIVE TEAM IS ORGANIZED AROUND FOUR MAIN THEMES THAT ARE DIRECTLY RELATED TO OUR RESEARCH PROGRAM: (1) EARLY EARTH ENVIRONMENTS (2) PREBIOTIC CHEMISTRY (3) EARLY EARTH LABORATORY AND ANALYTICAL APPROACHES AND (4) THE VIRTUAL EARLY EARTH LABORATORY THE BRIDGE AMONG THESE IS THE GATEWAY TO EARLY EARTH.

LINEAR ACCELERATOR (LINAC) REFURBISHMENT PROJECT

NANOSCIENCE AND ENGINEERING CENTER (NSEC) FOR DIRECTED ASSEMBLY OF NANOSTRUCTURES

UNIFIED THEORIES OF LANGUAGE AND COGNITION

TITLE IS SETTING THE STATE FOR LIFE: FROM INTERSTELLAR CLOUDS TO EARLY EARTH&MARS IN RESPONSE TO CAN #NNH08ZDA002C, NASA ASTROBIOLOGY INSTITUTE -

PHYSICALLY REALISTIC VIRTUAL SURGERY

ER46608: TMS-DEFECT MODELING BEYOND THE DENSITY FUNCTIONAL THEORY; PI-SHENGBAI ZHANG

RCN: BUILDING THE RESEARCH DATA ALLIANCE COMMUNITY THROUGH US AND INTERNATIONAL ENGAGEMENT (RDA 2)

NEURONAL POLARITY AND MEMBRANE TRAFFICKING

MECHANISTIC ANALYSIS OF MICROTUBULE BASED MOTORS

DEVELOPMENT OF A BIOENGINEERED HEPARIN FROM A NON-ANIMAL SOURCE

CENTER FOR TOKAMAK TRANSIENT SIMULATIONS

INVESTIGATING CIRCADIAN POST-TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATION.

HYBRID METHODS FOR DYNAMIC STRUCTURE ANALYSIS OF PROTEINS FROM PATHOGENIC MICROORGANISMS - PROJECT SUMMARY THIS RESEARCH PROGRAM WILL INVESTIGATE THE GENERAL HYPOTHESIS THAT UNDERSTANDING THE CONFORMATIONAL DIVERSITY OF PROTEINS WILL PROVIDE NEW INSIGHTS INTO THEIR BIOLOGY, AND ENABLE MEDICAL RESEARCH. IT IS DIRECTED TO TWO CLASSES OF SYSTEMS: INTEGRAL MEMBRANE PROTEINS (IMPS) AND VIRAL-HOST INTERACTIONS. IMPS PLAY CRITICAL ROLES AS GATE KEEPERS, RECEPTORS, TRANSPORTERS, HOMEOSTASIS REGULATORS, AND DRUG TARGETS. THESE FUNCTIONS ARE MEDIATED BY THE CONFORMATIONAL PLASTICITY OF THE IMP IN THE MEMBRANE ENVIRONMENT. IMPS ARE CHALLENGING TO PREPARE, AND EVEN MORE CHALLENGING TO RECONSTITUTE IN APPROPRIATE MEMBRANE MIMICKING ENVIRONMENTS. COST-EFFECTIVE TECHNOLOGIES FOR ISOTOPE-ENRICHMENT IN CONDENSED VOLUMES, HYBRID APPROACHES COMBINING NMR WITH EVOLUTIONARY CO-VARIATION (ECS), NOVEL METHODS OF CONTACT PREDICTION, AND INNOVATIVE MODELING METHODS FROM THE PROTEIN STRUCTURE PREDICTION COMMUNITY, WILL BE APPLIED TO STRUCTURE-FUNCTION STUDIES OF IMPS. THESE IMPS, CHOSEN FROM IMPORTANT HUMAN PATHOGENS, INCLUDING E. COLI, K. PNEUMONIAE, AND P. AERUGINOSA, ARE POTENTIAL TARGETS FOR ANTIBIOTIC DISCOVERY. ECS WILL ALSO BE COMBINED WITH NMR DATA TO DETERMINE STRUCTURES OF MULTIPLE “NATIVE STATES” OF PROTEINS. THE SECOND COMPONENT OF OUR PROGRAM IS DIRECTED TO VIRAL – HOST BIOMOLECULAR COMPLEXES, AND ANTIVIRAL DRUG DISCOVERY. WE WILL UTILIZE INNOVATIVE PARAMAGNETIC NMR METHODS, TOGETHER WITH SMALL ANGLE X-RAY SCATTERING (SAXS), ELECTRON-ELECTRON DOUBLE RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY (DEER), AND FÖRSTER RESONANCE ENERGY TRANSFER (FRET), TO RIGOROUSLY DEFINE DYNAMIC INTERDOMAIN STRUCTURAL DISTRIBUTIONS CONFERRED BY THE PARTIALLY-ORDERED LINKERS OF THE MURINE MOLONEY LEUKEMIA VIRUS (MLV) INTEGRASE (IN). THESE DATA WILL BE INTERPRETED IN THE CONTEXT OF MAXIMUM OCCUPANCY PROBABILITIES (MAXOCC), AND USED TO PROBE THE ROLE(S) OF THIS FLEXIBILITY IN THE GENE INTEGRATION MECHANISMS OF G-RETROVIRUSES. INTERDOMAIN LINKERS ALSO FUNCTION TO PROVIDE FLEXIBILITY NEEDED FOR BINDING PARTNER PROMISCUITY. WE WILL ALSO DETERMINE HOW THE INTERDOMAIN LINKER SEQUENCES OF INFLUENZA NON-STRUCTURAL PROTEIN 1 (NS1) CONFER APPROPRIATE PLASTICITY TO DEFINE ITS SPECIFICITY AND AFFINITY FOR HOST PROTEINS AND RNAS. THIS STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL PROMISCUITY UNDERLIES NS1’S MECHANISMS FOR SUPPRESSING THE CELLULAR INNATE IMMUNE RESPONSE TO INFLUENZA INFECTION, AND RIGOROUS CHARACTERIZATION OF ITS DYNAMIC STRUCTURAL BASIS WILL PROVIDE FUNDAMENTAL INFORMATION FOR LIVE-ATTENUATED VIRUS VACCINE DEVELOPMENT. WE WILL ALSO APPLY OUR PLATFORM TO INVESTIGATE DRUGS THAT INHIBIT SARS-COV2 VIRUS BY BINDING ITS MAIN PROTEASE (MPRO). WE HAVE IDENTIFIED THREE DRUGS, ALREADY APPROVED FOR USE IN HUMANS, ORIGINALLY DESIGNED TO INHIBIT THE NSP3/4A PROTEASE OF HEPATITIS C VIRUS, THAT ALSO INHIBIT SARS-COV2 IN VIRAL REPLICATION ASSAYS AT LOW MICROMOLAR CONCENTRATIONS. OUR COMPUTATIONAL DOCKING STUDIES HAVE ALSO IDENTIFIED SEVERAL OTHER FDA- APPROVED DRUGS THAT MAY INHIBIT MPRO. ENZYME KINETIC, BIOPHYSICAL CHEMISTRY, AND X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY STUDIES WILL BE USED TO CHARACTERIZE COMPLEXES FORMED BETWEEN THESE PROTEASE INHIBITOR DRUGS AND MPRO, AND TO DEVELOP THEIR POTENTIAL AS COVID-19 THERAPEUTICS, OR AS LEAD COMPOUNDS FOR NEW THERAPEUTIC DEVELOPMENT.

ELUCIDATING THE PRINCIPLES THAT CONTROL PROTON-COUPLED ELECTTRON TRANSFER...

RENSSELAER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE (RPI): NEW SENSOR AWARD. CONTROL NUMBER: 1737-1536 TITLE: ''INTEGRATED SPATIAL, SPECTRAL, & TEMPORAL OPTICAL REFLECTANCE SYSTEM FOR PRECISION OCCUPANCY & LOCATION SENSING TO IMPROVE BUILDING ENERGY EFFICIENCY''

COOPERATIVE AGREEMENT RPI

EFFECTS OF ADVANCED GLYCATION ENDPRODUCTS ON TYPE 2 DIABETIC AND FRAGILITY FRACTURES - ABSTRACT BONE FRACTURES CONTRIBUTE SIGNIFICANTLY TO HEALTHCARE COST AFFECTING THE QUALITY OF LIFE. CLINICALLY, FRACTURE RISK CAN BE PREDICTED BY DUAL X-RAY ABSORPTIOMETRY (DXA) OR THE FRACTURE RISK ASSESSMENT (FRAX) TOOL. BECAUSE TYPE 2 DIABETES (T2D) PATIENTS EXHIBIT HIGH BONE MINERAL DENSITY (BMD), BOTH TOOLS FAIL TO CORRECTLY PREDICT FRACTURE RISK, LEADING TO A SIGNIFICANT INCREASE OF FRAGILITY FRACTURES IN DIABETIC SUBJECTS. THEREFORE, THERE IS A NEED TO INVESTIGATE HOW MODIFICATIONS IN COLLAGEN AND OTHER ORGANIC COMPONENTS IN BONE CAN PREDICT DIABETIC FRACTURES. PENTOSIDINE (PEN), A FLUORESCENT ADVANCED GLYCATION ENDPRODUCT (AGE) THAT FORMS IN BONE BY REACTION BETWEEN SUGARS AND PROTEINS, IS THE ONLY ESTABLISHED MARKER OF BONE FRAGILITY. HOWEVER, IT DOES NOT CONSISTENTLY PREDICT T2D AND FRAGILITY FRACTURES. HERE, FOR THE FIRST TIME IN BONE, WE DEMONSTRATE THE PRESENCE OF CARBOXYMETHYL-LYSINE (CML), A NON-FLUORESCENT GLYCOXIDATIVE AGE, AND PRESENT A TECHNIQUE TO MEASURE IT. WE SHOW THAT IT FORMS IN ABUNDANCE IN BONE AND IS HIGHLY CORRELATED TO LOSS OF BONE TOUGHNESS. WE DEMONSTRATE THAT, IN CONTRAST TO OTHER AGES, CML IS UPREGULATED >60% IN T2D HUMAN BONE COMPARED TO THEIR AGE-MATCHED CONTROLS. WE THEN PROVIDE EVIDENCE THAT CML PROMOTES FORMATION AND GROWTH OF ADDITIONAL HYDROXYAPATITE (HA) CRYSTALS, SIMILAR TO HUMAN T2D CONDITION, AND FORMS A ‘MOLECULAR LINK’ BETWEEN THE ORGANIC AND INORGANIC COMPONENTS OF BONE (COLLAGEN-HA INTERFACE) IMPAIRING BONE QUALITY. OUR OVERALL HYPOTHESIS IS THAT CML IS A ‘NEW AND RELEVANT’ BIOMARKER OF T2D FRACTURE THAT CAPTURES THE EFFECTS OF BOTH HYPERGLYCEMIA AND OXIDATIVE STRESS IN BONE AND EXPLAINS THE SUSCEPTIBILITY OF BONE TO FRACTURE IN T2D. USING AN OBESE AND A NON-OBESE MOUSE MODEL OF T2D, THAT MIMIC BOTH CAUSALITY AND IMPACT OF HUMAN T2D ON BONE, WE PROVIDE EVIDENCE THAT T2D INCREASES AGES, WITH CML EXPLAINING BONE FRAGILITY. SIMILARLY, USING DATA FROM THE HEALTH, AGING AND BODY COMPOSITION (ABC) STUDY WE SHOW THAT HIGHER SERUM CML LEVELS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED RISK OF INCIDENT CLINICAL FRACTURES IN T2D, INDEPENDENT OF BMD. THUS, OUR OVERALL GOAL IS TO ESTABLISH CML AS A NEW AND RELEVANT BIOMARKER OF BONE FRAGILITY AND DETERMINE HOW IT CONTRIBUTES TO BONE FRAGILITY IN T2D. USING IN VITRO MODELS, EX VIVO HUMAN CADAVERIC TISSUE, IN VIVO MOUSE MODELS OF OBESE AND NON-OBESE T2D, AND EXISTING DATA FROM THE HEALTH ABC STUDY WE WILL PURSUE THERE AIMS: AIM 1: ESTABLISH NEG CONDITIONS FOR ENHANCED FORMATION OF CML OVER OTHER AGES AND DETERMINE THE MECHANISM(S) BY WHICH IT REDUCES ENERGY DISSIPATION IN BONE; AIM 2: DETERMINE THE CONTRIBUTION OF CML AND OTHER AGES TO ALTERATIONS IN BONE MATRIX AND ENERGY DISSIPATION IN HUMAN T2D VERTEBRAE AND CORTICAL AND CANCELLOUS BONE FROM HIP FRACTURE PATIENTS; AND AIM 3: VALIDATE CML AS A BIOMARKER OF T2D BONE FRAGILITY AND ESTABLISH ITS ASSOCIATION WITH HYPERGLYCEMIA AND OXIDATIVE STRESS. OUR FINDINGS WILL PROVIDE A NEW UNDERSTANDING OF THE MECHANISM AND THE EFFECTS OF CML AND OTHER AGES ON BONE FRACTURES LEADING TO NEW STRATEGIES TO PREDICT, MANAGE AND MITIGATE T2D AND FRAGILITY FRACTURES.

INCREMENTAL FUNDING

ROLE OF TUMOR HETEROGENEITY ON RECEPTOR ENGAGEMENT

INVESTIGATION OF METALLIC PHOTONIC CRYSTALS FOR THE MODIFICATION OF THERMAL EMISSION

NEW; FRAMEWORKS, ALGORITHMS, AND SCALABLE TECHNOLOGIES FOR MATHEMATICS (FASTMATH) SCIDAC INSTITUTE; PI - MARK SHEPHARD

RENSSELAER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE PROJECT: TRANSFORMATIONAL MOLECULAR LAYER DEPOSITION TAILOR-MADE SIZE-SIEVING SORBENTS FOR POST-COMBUSTION CARBON DIOXIDE (CO2) CAPTURE. DE-FE0031730 NEW AWARD

DEPLOYMENT OF A SUITE OF HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTATIONAL TOOLS FOR MULTISCALE MULTIPHYSICS SIMULATION OF GENERATION IV REACTORS

COMPUTATIONAL DESIGN OF SPECIFIC BINDING PROTEINS USING LEAVE-ONE-OUT

PHOTON-COUNTING X-RAY AND OPTICAL TOMOGRAPHY FOR PRECLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH

IN VIVO MACROSCOPIC FLUORESCENCE LIFETIME MOLECULAR OPTICAL IMAGING

DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF A VIRTUAL AIRWAY SKILL TRAINER (VAST)

OPTICAL MOLECULAR TOMOGRAPHY FOR REGENERATIVE MEDICINE

GRADUATE TEACHING FELLOWS IN COMMUNITY SITUATED RESEARCH: THE TRIPLE HELIX OF UNIVERSITY K-12 AND COMMUNITY KNOWLEDGE PRODUCTION

BASE AWARD DE-EE0009167 WITH RENSSELAER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE PROJECT ENTITLED ''SPATIALLY ADAPTIVE TUNABLE LIGHTING CONTROL SYSTEM WITH EXPANDED WELLNESS AND ENERGY SAVING BENEFITS''

USGS-RPI JOINT HYDROLOGIC RESEARCH

NEW GK-12:BUILDING BRIDGES FROM HIGH SCHOOL TO GRAD SCHOOL: INSPIRING STUDENTS THROUGH DISCOVERY-BASED ACTIVITIES IN ENERGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT

DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF A VIRTUAL COLORECTAL SURGICAL TRAINER (VCOST)

INDIVIDUALLY TAILORED LIGHTING SYSTEM TO IMPROVE SLEEP IN OLDER ADULTS

MRI: ACQUISITION OF A BALANCED ENVIRONMENT FOR SIMULATION

RCN: INCREASING THE IMPACT OF RESEARCH DATA

DEVELOPMENT OF A MUTISCALE MONITORING AND HEALTH ASSESSMENT FRAMEWORK FOR EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT OF LEVEES AND FLOOD-CONTROL INFRASTRUCTURE SYSTEMS

CELL CHIRALITY BASED IN VITRO MODELS FOR EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT AND ABNORMALITIES

DEVELOPING PHYSICS-BASED VIRTUAL SIMULATION TECHNOLOGY FOR NATURAL ORIFICE TRANSL

USGS-RPI JOINT HYDROLOGIC RESEARCH, DATED 10/15/2004

HEPARAN SULFATE 3-O-SULFATION IN TRANSCELLULAR PROPAGATION OF TAUOPATHY IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE

CONSTRAINED DISENTANGLEMENT (CODE) NETWORK FOR CT METAL ARTIFACT REDUCTION IN RADIATION THERAPY - ABSTRACT THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION REPORTED THAT CANCER IS THE SECOND LEADING CAUSE OF DEATH GLOBALLY AND IS RE- SPONSIBLE FOR 9.6 MILLION DEATHS IN 2018. APPROXIMATELY 50% OF ALL CANCER PATIENTS RECEIVE RADIATION THERAPY (RT). MANY OF THEM HAVE METAL IMPLANTS, WHICH INDUCE IMAGE ARTIFACTS IN THE TREATMENT PLANNING CT IMAGES AND COMPROMISE OR PRECLUDE TREATMENT IN AN ESTIMATED 15% OF ALL RADIATION THERAPY PATIENTS. DESPITE EXTENSIVE CT METAL ARTIFACT REDUCTION (MAR) RESEARCH IT REMAINS ONE OF THE LONG-STANDING CHALLENGES IN THE CT FIELD, WITHOUT A CLINICALLY SATISFACTORY SOLUTION. THE OVERALL GOAL OF THIS PROJECT IS TO DEVELOP CUTTING-EDGE DEEP LEARNING IMAGING METHODS AND SOFTWARE SOLUTIONS FOR COMMERCIAL CT SCANNERS TO ELIMINATE CT METAL ARTIFACTS IN GENERAL AND IMPROVE RT IN PARTICULAR. WE PROPOSE A THREE-PRONGED APPROACH TO SYSTEMATICALLY TACKLE THIS CHALLENGE IN THREE SPECIFIC AIMS: (1) ADVERSARIAL LEARNING TECHNIQUES FOR ESTIMATION OF SINOGRAM MISSING DATA AND METAL TRACES; (2) CONSTRAINED DISENTANGLEMENT (CODE) NETWORKS TO REMOVE CT IMAGE ARTIFACTS DURING IMAGE RECONSTRUCTION, THROUGH POST-PROCESSING, AND IN BOTH DATA AND IMAGE DOMAINS; AND (3) SYSTEMATIC EVALUATION OF OUR PROPOSED CT MAR TECHNIQUES AND CLINICAL TRANSLATION INTO ROBUST RT PLANNING METHODS TO MAXIMIZE THE RT TREATMENT PLANNING ACCURACY AND THUS IMPROVE PATIENT OUTCOMES. OUR SYNERGISTIC TRACK RECORDS IN CT MAR RESEARCH, ESPECIALLY WITH DEEP IMAGING METHODS OVER THE PAST THREE YEARS, PROMISES AN UNPRECEDENTED OPPORTUNITY FOR A BRAND-NEW SOLUTION TO CT MAR. FOR THE FIRST TIME WE WILL INTEGRATE CONTEMPORARY AI INNOVATIONS IN DATA PREPROCESSING, IMAGE RECONSTRUCTION, POST-PROCESSING, OBSERVER STUDIES AND TREATMENT PLANNING SYNERGISTICALLY IN A UNIFIED DATA-DRIVEN FRAMEWORK, POSITIONING THIS PROJECT UNIQUELY TO ELIMINATE METAL ARTIFACTS AND THEIR COMPLICATIONS IN RADIATION THERAPY. THIS PROJECT WILL BE PURSUED THROUGH THE LONG-TERM ACADEMIC-INDUSTRIAL PARTNERSHIP AMONG DR. GE WANG AT REN- SSELAER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE (RPI), DR. BRUNO DE MAN AT GE RESEARCH CENTER (GRC), AND DR. HARALD PAGANETTI AT MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL (MGH). WHILE OUR TEAMS WILL COLLABORATE CLOSELY THROUGH THE WHOLE PROJECT, GRC HAS A HISTORY OF CT RESEARCH AND TRANSLATION, INCLUDING DIRECT RAW DATA PROCESSING, AND WILL FOCUS ON AIM 1. RPI IS A PIONEERING GROUP IN TOMOGRAPHIC RECONSTRUCTION, ESPECIALLY DEEP-LEARNING-BASED CT IMAGING, AND WILL LEAD AIM 2. THE MGH TEAM IS AT THE FOREFRONT OF RADIATION THERAPY RESEARCH AND WILL BE RESPONSIBLE FOR AIM 3. UPON COMPLETION OF THIS PROJECT, WE WILL HAVE REDEFINED THE STATE OF THE ART OF CT MAR, LARGELY ELIMINATING CT METAL ARTIFACTS AND SUBSTANTIALLY IMPROVING RADIATION THERAPY PLANNING AND DELIVERY ACCURACY. WITH THE ABOVE-PROPOSED NETWORKS FOR CT MAR, METAL ARTIFACTS WILL HAVE BEEN BASICALLY ELIMINATED, TARGETING RESIDUAL ERRORS <10 HU FOR PHOTON AND PROTON THERAPY PLANNING, WITH THE GOAL OF REDUCING THE CLINICAL DIAMETRIC ERROR TO ±3% AND THE PROTON RANGE ERROR DUE TO METAL ARTIFACTS TO <2MM. SINCE OUR APPROACH IS SOFTWARE-BASED AND OPEN-SOURCE, THE PATH FOR TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER AND CLINICAL TRANSLATION IS CLEARLY DEFINED, AS WELL TESTED BEFORE.

AI ENHANCED LIFETIME-BASED MESOSCOPIC IN VIVO IMAGING OF TISSUE MOLECULAR HETEROGENEITY - ABSTRACT QUANTIFICATION OF DRUG-TARGET ENGAGEMENT IS RECOGNIZED AS THE MOST CRUCIAL PARAMETER IN THE DRUG DEVELOPMENT PIPELINE AS IT IS CENTRAL TO THERAPEUTIC ACTION. THOUGH, SUCH PARAMETER CAN ONLY BE ASSESSED VIA INVASIVE BIOCHEMICAL AND IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL (IHC) APPROACHES IN EX VIVO TISSUES. HEREIN, WE PROPOSE TO INTEGRATE AND OPTIMIZE A MULTIMODAL OPTICAL IMAGING PLATFORM THAT CAN PROVIDE DIRECT LONGITUDINAL (MULTIPLE TIME POINTS) MEASUREMENTS OF THE DRUG-TARGET ENGAGEMENT DISTRIBUTION ACROSS THE SAME TISSUE VOLUME IN CORRELATION WITH DRUG DELIVERY EFFICACY PARAMETERS, INCLUDING, TUMOR VASCULATURE, AND INDICATORS OF DRUG RESPONSE, SUCH AS METABOLISM. THE IMAGING PLATFORM WILL BE VALIDATED IN HUMAN BREAST TUMOR AND PATIENT DERIVED XENOGRAFTS IN LIVE ANIMALS SUBJECTED TO HER2-TRASTUZUMAB THERAPY. ADDITIONALLY, AS MFMT IS AN INDIRECT IMAGE FORMATION TECHNIQUE RELYING ON COMPLEX COMPUTATIONAL TASKS, WE WILL FURTHER PIONEER THE USE OF DEEP LEARNING METHODOLOGIES FOR FAST, ACCURATE, PARAMETER-FREE AND USER FRIENDLY 2D AND 3D MFMT IMAGE FORMATION.

DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF A VIRTUAL ELECTROSURGICAL SKILL TRAINER (VEST)

PIRE: POLYMER EDUCATION AND RESEARCH PARTNERSHIP BETWEEN US AND KOREA

INTEROPERABLE TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADVANCED PETASCALE SIMULATIONS

ADVERSARIALLY BASED VIRTUAL CT WORKFLOW FOR EVALUATION OF AI IN MEDICAL IMAGING - ADVERSARIALLY BASED VIRTUAL CT WORKFLOW FOR EVALUATION OF AI IN MEDICAL IMAGING ABSTRACT OVER THE PAST SEVERAL YEARS, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) AND MACHINE LEARNING (ML), ESPECIALLY DEEP LEARNING (DL), HAS BEEN THE MOST PROMINENT DIRECTION OF TOMOGRAPHIC RESEARCH, COMMERCIAL DEVELOPMENT, CLINICAL TRANSLATION, AND FDA EVALUATION. RECENTLY, IT HAS BECOME WIDELY RECOGNIZED THAT DEEP NEURAL NETWORKS OFTEN HAVE GENERALIZABILITY ISSUES AND ARE VULNERABLE TO ADVERSARIAL ATTACKS, DELIBERATE OR UNINTENTIONAL. THIS CRITICAL CHALLENGE MUST BE ADDRESSED TO OPTIMIZE THE PERFORMANCE OF DEEP NEURAL NETWORKS IN MEDICAL APPLICATIONS. IN JANUARY THIS YEAR, FDA PUBLISHED AN ACTION PLAN FOR FURTHERING THE OVERSIGHT FOR AI/DL-BASED SOFTWARE AS MEDICAL DEVICES (SAMDS). ONE MAJOR ACTION UNDERLINED IN THE PLAN IS “REGULATORY SCIENCE METHODS RELATED TO ALGORITHM BIAS AND ROBUSTNESS”. THE SIGNIFICANCE OF ENSURING THE SAFETY AND EFFECTIVENESS OF AI/DL-BASED SAMDS CANNOT BE OVERESTIMATED SINCE AI IS EXPECTED TO PLAY A CRITICAL ROLE IN THE FUTURE OF MEDICINE. IN THIS CONTEXT, THE OVERALL GOAL OF THIS ACADEMIC-FDA PARTNERSHIP R01 PROJECT IS TO GENERATE DIVERSE TRAINING AND CHALLENGING TESTING DATASETS OF LOW-DOSE CT (LDCT) SCANS, PROTOTYPE A VIRTUAL CT WORKFLOW, AND ESTABLISH AN EVALUATION METHODOLOGY FOR AI-BASED IMAGING PRODUCTS TO SUPPORT FDA MARKETING AUTHORIZATION. THE TECHNICAL INNOVATION LIES IN CUTTING-EDGE DL METHODS EMPOWERED BY (A) ADVERSARIAL LEARNING TO GENERATE ANATOMICALLY AND PATHOLOGICALLY REPRESENTATIVE FEATURES IN THE HUMAN CHEST; (B) ADVERSARIAL ATTACKING TO PROBE THE VIRTUAL CT WORKFLOW IN INDIVIDUAL STEPS AND ITS ENTIRETY; AND (C) SYSTEMATIC EVALUATION METHODS TO BETTER CHARACTERIZE AND PREDICT THE CLINICAL PERFORMANCE OF AI-BASED IMAGING PRODUCTS. IN CONTRAST TO OTHER CT SIMULATION PIPELINES, OUR ADVERSARIALLY BASED CT (ABC) PLATFORM RELIES ON ADVERSARIAL LEARNING TO ENSURE DIVERSITY AND REALISM OF THE SIMULATED DATA AND IMAGES AND IMPROVE THE GENERALIZABILITY OF DEEP NETWORKS, AND UTILIZES ADVERSARIAL SAMPLES TO PROBE THE ABC WORKFLOW TO ADDRESS THE ROBUSTNESS OF DEEP NETWORKS. THE OVERARCHING HYPOTHESIS IS THAT ADVERSARIAL LEARNING AND ATTACKING METHODS ARE POWERFUL TO DELIVER HIGH- QUALITY DATASETS FOR AI-BASED IMAGING RESEARCH AND PERFORMANCE EVALUATION. THE SPECIFIC AIMS ARE: (1) DIVERSE PATIENT MODELING (SBU), (2) VIRTUAL CT SCANNING (UTSW), (3) DEEP CT IMAGING (RPI), (4) VIRTUAL WORKFLOW VALIDATION (FDA), AND (5) ABC SYSTEM DISSEMINATION (RPI-SBU-UTSW-FDA). IN THIS PROJECT, GENERATIVE ADVERSARIAL LEARNING WILL PLAY AN INSTRUMENTAL ROLE IN GENERATING FEATURES OF CLINICAL SEMANTICS. ALSO, ADVERSARIAL SAMPLES WILL BE PRODUCED IN BOTH SINOGRAM AND IMAGE DOMAINS. IN THESE COMPLEMENTARY WAYS, AI-BASED IMAGING PRODUCTS CAN BE EFFICIENTLY EVALUATED FOR NOT ONLY ACCURACY BUT ALSO GENERALIZABILITY AND ROBUSTNESS. UPON COMPLETION, OUR ABC WORKFLOW/PLATFORM WILL BE MADE PUBLICLY AVAILABLE AND READILY EXTENDABLE TO OTHER IMAGING MODALITIES AND OTHER DISEASES. THIS ABC SYSTEM WILL BE SHARED THROUGH THE FDA’S CATALOG OF REGULATORY SCIENCE TOOLS, AND UNIQUELY WELL POSITIONED TO GREATLY FACILITATE THE DEVELOPMENT, ASSESSMENT AND TRANSLATION OF EMERGING AI-BASED IMAGING PRODUCTS.

RENSSELAER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE: NEW AWARD. CONTROL NUMBER: 1478-1574 PROJECT TITLE: ''CHANNELING ENGINEERING OF HYDROXIDE ION EXCHANGE POLYMERS AND REINFORCED MEMBRANES'' RENSSELAER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE WILL DEVELOP HIGHLY ION CONDUCTIVE, CHEMICALLY AND MECHANICALLY STABLE SOLID HYDROXIDE ION-CONDUCTING POLYMERS BY TAILORING MICRO-TO-NANOSCALE ION CHANNELS AND IMPREGNATE THEM INTO REINFORCED COMPOSITE MEMBRANES. THE GOAL OF THIS PROJECT IS DEVELOPMENT OF COMMERCIALLY VIABLE ANION EXCHANGE MEMBRANE MATERIALS FOR USE IN ELECTROCHEMICAL DEVICE TECHNOLOGIES. ----------

GPU-BASED MONTE CARLO SOFTWARE FOR COMPUTING CT IMAGING DOSES

BIOMOLECULAR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING TRAINING

A NEW PARADIGM OF RESPIRATION IN THE HUMAN GUT BACTEROIDES

MEMBRANE PROTEIN STRUCTURE USING EVOLUTIONARY COUPLINGS AND SPARSE NMR DATA

MULTI-DIMENSIONAL IMAGE ANALYSIS TOOLS FOR BRAIN TISSUE

APOE AND HEPARAN SULFATE INTERACTION IN ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE - PROJECT SUMMARY POLYMORPHISM IN THE APOE GENE IS THE LEADING RISK MODULATOR FOR LATE ONSET ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE (LOAD). DESPITE EXTENSIVE STUDIES, THE MOLECULAR MECHANISMS BY WHICH APOLIPOPROTEIN E (APOE) INFLUENCES AD RISK REMAIN POORLY UNDERSTOOD. A GROWING BODY OF RESEARCH IS POINTING TOWARDS A SIGNIFICANT ROLE FOR APOE/HEPARAN SULFATE INTERACTIONS IN AD PATHOGENESIS. HEPARAN SULFATE (HS) IS UBIQUITOUSLY PRESENT ON NEURONAL AND GLIAL SURFACE AND FACILITATES APOE CELL SURFACE BINDING AND CELLULAR UPTAKE. IN OUR RECENT STUDIES, WE HAVE SHOWN THAT APOE/HS BINDING AFFINITY CORRELATES WITH AD RISK AND THAT APOE RECOGNIZES A RARE HS MODIFICATION, 3-O-SULFATION. IN ADDITION, WE DEMONSTRATE AN INCREASE IN THE 3-O-SULFATED HS IN AD BRAINS. IN PRELIMINARY DATA, WE SHOW THAT APOE4 ALLELE FURTHER INCREASES THE LEVEL OF 3-O-SULFATED HS, LEADING TO DIFFERENTIAL INTERACTION BETWEEN APOE ISOFORMS AND HS IN THE BRAIN. WE HYPOTHESIZE THAT THE DIFFERENTIAL BINDING MODES BETWEEN APOE ISOFORMS AND HS CONTRIBUTE TO AD RISK. THIS HYPOTHESIS WILL BE TESTED ON MULTIPLE LEVELS USING AN INTERDISCIPLINARY APPROACH IN THREE AIMS. AIM 1, DELINEATE THE GLYCAN DETERMINANTS OF APOE-HS INTERACTION IN AD. AIM 2, DEFINE ISOFORM SPECIFIC APOE-HS INTERACTION AT ATOMIC RESOLUTION. AIM 3, STUDY ISOFORM SPECIFIC APOE-HS INTERACTION IN CELLULAR AND ANIMAL MODELS. SUCCESSFUL COMPLETION OF THIS PROJECT WILL PROVIDE NOVEL INSIGHTS INTO HOW APOE ISOFORMS MODULATE AD RISK THROUGH THEIR DISTINCT INTERACTIONS WITH HS, AND WILL IDENTIFY NEW DRUG TARGETS FOR AD.

"(MURI 05) BASIC RESEARCH INVESTIGATIONS INTO MULTIMODE LASER AND EM LAUNCHERS FOR AFFORDABLE, RAPID ACCESS TO SPACE"

CHEMOENZYMATIC SYNTHESIS OF GLYCOSAMINOGLYCAN OLIGOS

LIGHTING INTERVENTIONS TO REDUCE CIRCADIAN DISRUPTION IN ROTATING SHIFT WORKERS

BEYOND-DFT ELECTROCHEMISTRY WITH ACCELERATED AND SOLVATED TECHNIQUES (BEAST

WARNING BEACONS FOR FRONT LINE SERVICE WORKER SAFETY

USGS-RPI JOINT HYDROLOGIC RESEARCH DATED 10/15/2004

GRADUATE RESEARCH FELLOWSHIP PROGRAM (GRFP)

EFRI 2-DARE: CRYSTALLINE ATOMICALLY THIN LAYERS FOR PHOTONIC APPLICATIONS

RESPIRATION AND FITNESS IN BACTEROIDES - PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT BACTEROIDALES IS THE MOST ABUNDANT ORDER OF BACTERIA IN THE HUMAN GUT, YET WE STILL KNOW LITTLE ABOUT ENERGY GENERATING PROCESSES OF THESE BACTERIA AND HOW THESE SYSTEMS SUPPORT THEIR FITNESS IN THE GUT AND AFFECT HOST PROCESSES. WE HAVE DEMONSTRATED THAT BACTEROIDES HAVE A COMPLEX RESPIRATORY CHAIN THAT PROVIDES SUBSTANTIAL ENERGY DURING BOTH ANAEROBIC AND NANAEROBIC GROWTH. OUR PRELIMINARY RESULTS REVEAL NEW AND UNEXPECTED COMPLEXITIES OF THE RESPIRATORY PATHWAY, NEW TERMINAL ELECTRON ACCEPTORS THAT WE PREDICT CONTRIBUTE TO BACTERIAL AND HOST FITNESS, AND DIFFERENCES BETWEEN BACTEROIDES SPECIES THAT LIKELY IMPACT MICROBIOTA COMPOSITION. THESE IMPORTANT FEATURES AND COMPLEXITIES OF RESPIRATION IN THE GUT BACTEROIDES WILL BE ADDRESSED IN THREE SPECIFIC AIMS. IN AIM 1, WE WILL STUDY THE NUO COMPLEX, LIKELY THE MOST IMPORTANT GENERATOR OF THE PROTON GRADIENT, WHICH PROVIDES THE ENERGY FOR TRANSPORT FUNCTIONS INCLUDING TONB- DEPENDENT IMPORT PROCESSES SUCH AS ACQUISITION OF DIETARY POLYSACCHARIDES. UNLIKE MOST NUO ENZYMES, BACTEROIDES HAS THE NUO-11 VARIANT THAT DOES NOT ACCEPT ELECTRONS FROM NADH. IN THIS AIM, WE WILL USE GENETICS, BIOCHEMISTRY, AND MOUSE MODELS TO CONCLUSIVELY IDENTIFY THE ELECTRON DONOR TO NUO-11, DETERMINE THE IMPORTANCE OF NUO AND NA+/H+ ANTIPORTERS IN MAINTAINING THE ESSENTIAL PROTON GRADIENT, AND DETERMINE THEIR CONTRIBUTIONS TO BACTERIAL FITNESS. IN AIM 2, WE WILL STUDY THE ACQUISITION AND REMODELING OF THE ESSENTIAL RESPIRATORY COMPONENT MENAQUINONE (MK). MOST BACTEROIDES HAVE ALL THE GENES NECESSARY FOR THE DE NOVO SYNTHESIS OF MK; HOWEVER, CERTAIN BACTEROIDES SPECIES LACK THE PRIMARY MEN GENES AND MUST OBTAIN AND REMODEL MK FROM DIETARY OR MICROBIAL SOURCES. THIS REMODELING REQUIRES CLEAVAGE OF THE HYDROPHOBIC SIDE CHAIN BY AN UNKNOWN ENZYME THAT ALSO IS LIKELY NECESSARY FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF MK-4 (VITAMIN K2) BY HUMANS. WE WILL EXPLORE UNKNOWN FEATURES OF MK SYNTHESIS INCLUDING IDENTIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF THE ENZYME THAT CLEAVES THE ISOPRENOID CHAIN IN THE REMODELING PROCESS, HOW SPECIES WITHOUT THE MEN OPERON OBTAIN MK PRECURSORS, AND THE DIETARY AND/OR MICROBIOTA SOURCES OF THESE PRECURSORS. IN AIM 3, WE WILL STUDY THE NRFHA COMPLEX, EXPRESSION OF WHICH IS AMONG THE MOST UPREGULATED DURING NANAEROBIC GROWTH. WE PREDICT NRFHA IS AN ADDITIONAL TERMINAL CARRIER THAT DONATES ELECTRONS TO BOTH NITRITE AND NITRIC OXIDE (NO). WE PREDICT NRFHA PROTECTS BACTEROIDES AGAINST NO PRODUCED IN THE NORMAL AND INFLAMED GUT. WE WILL STUDY THE REGULATION OF THE NRFHA OPERON DURING NANAEROBIC GROWTH, STUDY THE ABILITY OF NRFHA TO DONATE ELECTRONS TO BOTH NITRITE AND NO, AND DETERMINE IF THIS COMPLEX ALLOWS BACTEROIDES TO BETTER SURVIVE IN THE INFLAMED GUT WITH CONCOMITANT PROTECTIVE EFFECTS FOR THE HOST. THE DATA OBTAINED FROM THE EXPERIMENTS OF THIS PROPOSAL WILL REVEAL SEVERAL NEW ASPECTS OF THE PHYSIOLOGY OF THE BACTEROIDES THAT CAN BE TRANSLATED FOR HUMAN HEALTH BENEFITS.

STRUCTURAL MECHANISMS OF HEDGEHOG AUTOPROCESSING IN PHYSIOLOGY AND DISEASE

DEVELOPING A VIRTUAL BASIC LAPAROSCOPIC SKILL TRAINER (VBLAST)

COMBINATORIAL AND HIGH THROUGHPUT MEMBRANE SYNTHESIS AND TESTING: TAILORING ...

HIGH-THROUGHPUT PLATFORM FOR IDENTIFYING STEM CELL TOXICITY

EFRI-RESTOR NOVEL CERAMIC GLASS COMPOSITES FOR IMPROVED ELECTRICAL ENERGY STORAGE

RTG: RESEARCH TRAINING IN APPLIED MATHEMATICS

NEW CONSENT BASED SITTING AWARD TO RENSSELAER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE

A COMPUTATIONAL APPROACH TO CLOSING THE GAP BETWEEN TISSUE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION

EFFECTS OF OSTEOCALCIN AND OSTEOPONTIN ON DAMAGE MORPHOLOGY AND BONE FRAGILITY

TAS::57 3600::TAS 'GREAT COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE, MATURE AND FURTHER APPLIED'

IGERT: AN ENTREPRENEURIAL PH.D. EDUCATION IN FUEL CELL MANUFACTURING, MATERIALS DEVELOPMENT, AND MODELING

THIS COOPERATIVE AGREEMENT IS AWARDED TO RENSSELAER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE FOR A PROJECT ENTITLED ''RISK SEGMENTATION AND PORTFOLIO ANALYSIS FOR PARETO DOMINANCE IN HIGH RENEWABLE PENETRATION AND STORAGE RESERVES.” THIS AWARD IS BEING MADE IN ACCORDANCE WITH FOA NUMBER DE-FOA-0002171 (PERFORM) AND APPLICATION CONTROL NUMBER 2171-1535.

DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF A VIRTUAL ENDOLUMINAL SURGICAL SIMULATOR (VESS) FOR TREATMENT OF COLORECTAL CANCER

DISCOVERY AND DEVELOPMENT OF NOVEL GLYCINE TRANSPORTER-2 INHIBITORS FOR THE TREATMENT OF NEUROPATHIC PAIN

BOTTOM-UP FABRICATION OF GRAPHENE MATERIALS (BUG)

GRADUATE RESEARCH FELLOWSHIP PROGRAM (GRFP)

FRAMEWORKS, ALGORITHMS, AND SCALABLE TECHNOLOGIES FOR MATHEMATICS (FASTMATH) INSTITUTE

DE-EE0008259: ENERGY EFFICIENT LOGISTICS: BEHAVIOR BASED POLICY MAKING AT NEW YORK CITY ALBANY CORRIDOR: NEW AWARD

MECHANISTIC ANALYSIS OF MICROTUBULE BASED MOTORS

UNDERSTANDING?CARDIAC?C-LOOPING?USING?MICROSCALE?IN?VITRO?MODELS - DEFECTS IN LATERALITY ARE OBSERVED IN MORE THAN 1 IN 8000 LIVE BIRTHS AND HAVE SIGNIFICANT CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS. THE EMBRYONIC HEART STARTS AS A STRAIGHT CARDIAC TUBE ALONG THE MIDLINE OF THE EMBRYO, WHICH IS SUBSEQUENTLY TRANSFORMED INTO A C-SHAPED HEART LOOP RELIABLY TOWARD THE RIGHT SIDE OF THE BODY. THIS CARDIAC C-LOOPING IS CONSIDERED AS THE EARLIEST EVIDENT EVENT OF LEFT-RIGHT (LR) ASYMMETRY BREAKING (ALSO CALLED CHIRALITY OR HANDEDNESS) OF A HUMAN ORGAN. THE INVERSED LATERALIZATION OF CARDIAC LOOPING OFTEN LEADS TO SEVERE CLINICAL OUTCOMES, INCLUDING DEXTROCARDIA, SEPTUM DEFECTS, DOUBLE OUTLET RIGHT VENTRICLE, AND EVEN DEATH OF FETUSES AND INFANTS. ACCUMULATING EVIDENCE SUGGESTS THAT ASYMMETRIC CARDIAC LOOPING DERIVES FROM AN UNKNOWN TISSUE- INTRINSIC MECHANISM. RECENTLY, WE HAVE RECAPITULATED CHIRAL MORPHOGENESIS ON MICROPATTERNED SURFACES AND IN 3D HYDROGELS AND DEMONSTRATED THAT CARDIAC CELLS HAVE A DEFINITE CHIRALITY BEFORE ASYMMETRIC LOOPING. PROTEIN KINASE C (PKC) ACTIVATORS CAN REVERSE BOTH CELL CHIRALITY AND CARDIAC C LOOPING. OUR RATIONALE IS THAT NOVEL CELL CHIRALITY BASED HIGH-THROUGHPUT PLATFORMS, TOGETHER WITH A BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF CELL CHIRALITY, CAN FACILITATE THE LR SYMMETRY RESEARCH. WE PROPOSE TO USE A COMBINATION OF MICRO-FABRICATION, HYDROGEL TECHNOLOGY, LIVE-CELL IMAGING, MOLECULAR ASSAYS, TRACTION FORCE MICROSCOPY, HIGH-THROUGHPUT SCREENING, EX VIVO CULTURE, AND GENETIC MOUSE MODELS AS TOOLS TO ELUCIDATE THE BIOPHYSICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL MECHANISMS. OUR OBJECTIVES ARE TO DETERMINE BIOMOLECULAR AND BIOMECHANICAL MECHANISMS OF PKC REGULATED CELL CHIRALITY AND ASYMMETRIC LOOPING AND TO IDENTIFY CYTOSKELETAL MECHANISMS OF CELL CHIRALITY DURING CARDIAC C-LOOPING. SPECIFIC AIM 1: IDENTIFY COMPONENTS AND SIGNALING PATHWAYS THAT REGULATE CARDIAC CHIRALITY WITH HIGH- THROUGHPUT SCREENING AND VALIDATE WITH EX OVO EMBRYO CULTURE. WE WILL SCREEN INHIBITORS/ACTIVATORS OF PKC ISOFORMS, THEIR DOWNSTREAM EFFECTORS, POSSIBLE SUBSTRATES, AND A SMALL-MOLECULE KINASE LIBRARY, DETERMINE MECHANISMS OF ACTION, AND VALIDATE THE FINDINGS WITH THE WHOLE-EMBRYO EX OVO CULTURE. SPECIFIC AIM 2: DETERMINE THE BIOMECHANICAL ROLE OF CELL CHIRALITY IN MULTICELLULAR MORPHOGENESIS. WE WILL EXAMINE WHETHER CHIRAL MECHANICAL FORCES ARE SUFFICIENT TO INDUCE CARDIAC C-LOOPING USING TRACTION FORCE MICROSCOPY AND WHETHER THE CELLS ON VENTRAL MYOCARDIUM EXHIBIT INTRINSIC CHIRAL BIASES. SPECIFIC AIM 3: DETERMINE CYTOSKELETAL MECHANISMS IN CARDIAC CELL CHIRALITY DURING C-LOOPING. WE WILL ANALYZE THE CHIRALITY OF ACTIN DYNAMICS OF CARDIAC CELLS, OBSERVE ITS CHANGE UNDER DRUGS OF INTEREST, AND CONFIRM THE FINDINGS WITH EX OVO WHOLE-EMBRYO CULTURE AND GENETIC MOUSE MODELS. IF THE PROJECT IS SUCCESSFUL, WE WILL BE ABLE TO ESTABLISH A SET OF NOVEL HIGH-THROUGHPUT PLATFORMS FOR STUDYING THE BIOPHYSICS OF ASYMMETRIC CARDIAC LOOPING BY MEASURING CELL CHIRALITY, AND FURTHER OUR UNDERSTANDING OF CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE. ALSO, THIS PROPOSED RESEARCH IS TRANSFORMATIVE, AND POTENTIALLY OPEN A NEW FIELD OF RESEARCH: CELL CHIRALITY, A FUNDAMENTAL CELLULAR PROPERTY DEFINING SYMMETRY BREAKING IN TISSUE DEVELOPMENT.

DMREF: MACHINE LEARNING ACCELERATED DESIGN AND DISCOVERY OF RARE-EARTH PHOSPHATES AS NEXT GENERATION ENVIRONMENTAL BARRIER COATINGS

DEVELOPMENT OF IN-SITU CORROSION KINETICS AND SALT PROPERTY MEASUREMENTS

ARF FUNCTIONAL LANDSCAPES

IMPORTANCE OF BETA-CATENIN SIGNALING IN OSTEOCYTES ASSOCIATED WITH ANABOLIC LOAD

BIOMOLECULAR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING TRAINING PROGRAM - ABSTRACT THE BIOMOLECULAR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING TRAINING PROGRAM AT RENSSELAER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE (RPI) IS DEDICATED TO THE EDUCATION OF A BROAD AND DIVERSE POOL OF PREDOCTORAL STUDENTS AT THE INTERFACE OF BIOLOGY, CHEMISTRY AND ENGINEERING, FOCUSING ON THE QUANTITATIVE LINKAGES THAT DEFINE THIS INTERFACE AND PREPARE TRAINEES FOR CAREERS IN BIOTECHNOLOGY. THE PROGRAM’S OVERARCHING OBJECTIVE IS TO PROVIDE THE TRAINEES WITH A KEEN UNDERSTANDING OF THE INTERDISCIPLINARY NATURE OF RESEARCH, HOW IT DEPENDS ON FUNDAMENTAL UNDERPINNINGS IN BOTH SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, HOW IT LEADS TO INNOVATIVE NEW SCIENTIFIC ADVANCES AND TECHNOLOGIES, AND HOW BASIC SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING RESEARCH CAN LEAD TO NEW DISCOVERIES AND COMMERCIAL PRODUCTS THAT BENEFIT SOCIETY. THE TRAINING PROGRAM HAS BEEN DESIGNED WITH KEY PROGRAM OBJECTIVES TO PROVIDE EACH TRAINEE WITH A STRONG FOUNDATION IN RIGOROUS EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN EMPHASIZING RIGOR AND REPRODUCIBILITY: TO CONDUCT ETHICAL, RESPONSIBLE AND PRODUCTIVE PREDOCTORAL RESEARCH WITH INTEGRITY AND APPROPRIATE TIME-TO-DEGREE; TO COMMUNICATE AND WORK EFFECTIVELY IN TEAMS WITH A DIVERSE AND BROAD POOL OF COLLEAGUES WITH MULTICULTURAL SOPHISTICATION; AND TO GAIN BROAD KNOWLEDGE, PROFESSIONAL SKILLS AND EXPERIENCES FOR DIVERSE CAREERS IN BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH. OUR TRAINING PROGRAM AT RPI INCREASES INTERACTIONS AMONG STUDENTS FROM FOUR DEPARTMENTS: BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERING, AND CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL BIOLOGY, THROUGH COURSES, STRUCTURED ACTIVITIES, RESEARCH MENTORING AND TRAINING, AND INDUSTRIAL EXPERIENCES. KEY ACTIVITIES OF THE TRAINING PROGRAM INCLUDE THE FOLLOWING 12 ACTION ITEMS: [A1] A CORE COURSE ENTITLED “PERSPECTIVES IN BIOMOLECULAR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING” THAT IS TAKEN BY ALL TRAINEES; [A2] A SET OF FOUR COURSES THAT MAXIMIZE DIDACTIC TRAINING AMONG THE KEY DISCIPLINES; [A3] A DAYLONG TECHNOLOGY COMMERCIALIZATION BOOT CAMP TO LEARN ABOUT FUNDAMENTALS OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY AND PARTICIPATE IN AN ENTREPRENEURIAL PROGRAM; [A4] A HIGH-PROFILE SEMINAR SERIES THAT PROVIDES EXPOSURE TO CONTEMPORARY RESEARCH IN ACADEMIA AND INDUSTRY; [A5] A STUDENT-RUN SEMINAR PROGRAM, IN WHICH TRAINEES PRESENT THEIR RESEARCH TO THEIR PEERS AND PROGRAM FACULTY; [A6] EXPOSURE TO ENRICHMENT ACTIVITIES ABOUT HUMAN HEALTH, PHYSIOLOGY, AND DISEASE, THEREBY PROMOTING A HEALTHCARE INNOVATION AND ENTREPRENEURIAL ECOSYSTEM; [A7] AN ANNUAL RETREAT TO NETWORK EXTERNALLY AND HOLD DISCUSSIONS ON CONTEMPORARY RESEARCH AREAS AND CAREERS IN BIOTECHNOLOGY; [A8] DUAL ADVISING AND MULTIDISCIPLINARY THESIS COMMITTEE MEMBERSHIP FOR PH.D. THESIS WORK; [A9] AN INDUSTRIAL INTERNSHIP; [A10] INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE; [A11] TRAINING IN RESPONSIBLE CONDUCT OF RESEARCH, SCIENTIFIC RIGOR AND REPRODUCIBILITY; AND [A12] PARTICIPATION IN A SET OF ACTIVITIES PERSONALIZED FOR INDUVIAL DEVELOPMENT. PROGRAM COMMITTEES AND A TRAINED EVALUATOR CONDUCT EVALUATIONS OF THE TRAINING PROCESS AND OUTCOMES TO ENSURES THAT THE TRAINEES SATISFY THESE REQUIREMENTS AND THAT THE OVERALL PROGRAM GOAL AND OBJECTIVES ARE MET THROUGH CONTINUOUS PROCESS IMPROVEMENT.

TIME-RESOLVED WIDE-FIELD MOLECULAR OPTICAL TOMOGRAPHY

DISCOVERING HIDDEN GROUPS ACROSS TUBERCULOSIS PATIENT AND PATHOGEN GENOTYPE DATA

THE ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH (ADCTR) TRAINING PROGRAM

4D VISIBLE HUMAN MODELING FOR RADIATION DOSIMETRY

MYOSIN STRUCTURAL AND KINETIC MECHANISMS THAT DIFFERENTIATE FAST AND SLOW MUSCLE

STABLE CARBOHYDRATE LIBRARIES IN INFECTIOUS DISEASE

INTEGRATIVE FREIGHT DEMAND MANAGEMENT IN THE NEW YORKCITY METROPOLITAN AREA - IMPLEMENTATION PHASE

DMREF: ADAPTIVE CONTROL OF MICROSTRUCTURE FROM THE MICROSCALE TO THE MACROSCALE

COLLABORATIVE CDI-TYPE II: CYBER ENABLED DISCOVERY SYSTEM FOR ADVANCED MULTIDISCIPLINARY STUDY OF HUMANITARIAN LOGISTICS FOR DISASTER RESPONSE

LIGHT MEASURING DEVICE FOR CORRECTING CIRCADIAN DISRUPTION

HEMP RETROFIT SIPS (HERS): HEMP-BASED INSULATED SIDING FOR RESIDENTIAL RETROFIT APPLICATIONS

PROJECT TITLE: USGS NON-COMPETITIVE ASSISTANCE FY 2025 - NATIONAL GRANTS BRANCH: 5 YEAR COOPERATIVE AGREEMENT WITH RPIPERIOD OF PERFORMANCE: 1 01 2025 12 31 2029PURPOSE: THIS COOPERATIVE AGREEMENT FOR THE U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY TENANCY AT 425 JORDAN ROAD, TROY, NY 12180-3590 IS A CONTINUATION THAT HAS BEEN ONGOING SINCE 1994. ONGOING COLLABORATION BETWEEN U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY AND RENSSELAER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE WILL CONTINUE TO PROMOTE AND FACILITATE COOPERATIVE RESEARCH ON PROJECTS WHERE THE INTERESTS OF THE U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY AND RENSSELAER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE COINCIDE.ACTIVITIES, DELIVERABLES EXPECTED OUTCOMES, INTENDED BENEFICIARIES:SPACE AND FACILITIESRENSSELAER WILL PROVIDE 30,000 SQUARE FEET OF SPACE NECESSARY FOR THE USGS TO PERFORM THE WORK NECESSARY FOR EFFECTIVE OPERATION OF THE AGENCY. THE SPACE, AN ENTIRE BUILDING LOCATED AT THE RENSSELAER TECHNOLOGY PARK, IS CAPABLE OF ACCOMMODATING IN EXCESS OF 80 STAFF AND PROVIDES SPACES FOR LABORATORIES AND SPECIAL EQUIPMENT, A SAMPLE PREPARATION ROOM, SAMPLE STORAGE ROOM, SPACE FOR ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT STORAGE, EQUIPMENT FABRICATION SPACE, COMPUTER AND CONFERENCE FACILITIES. THE BUILDING IS OWNED AND MAINTAINED BY RENSSELAER. AS OWNER, RENSSELAER PROVIDES ALL THE NECESSARY REPAIRS AND MAINTENANCE OF THE FACILITIES AND SURROUNDING GROUNDS AND PARKING AREAS, WATER AND SEWER SERVICES, INSURANCE, SNOW REMOVAL, JANITORIAL, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICES RELATED TO THE MANAGEMENT OF THE PROPERTY. ADJACENT TO THE FACILITY IS SUFFICIENT PARKING FOR STAFF AND VISITORS (OVER 100 SPACES), A FENCED STORAGE AREA AND ADDITIONAL PARKING STORAGE FOR UP TO 20 USGS VEHICLES.CONTINGENT UPON RENEWAL OF THE COOPERATIVE AGREEMENT AND IN ADDITION TO THE ABOVE, RENSSELAER WILL UPGRADE PARKING LOT LIGHTING, THE EXPANSION OF A EXISTING CONFERENCE ROOM IN THE ADMINISTRATIVE AREA OF THE BUILDING AND CREATION OF ONE NEW OFFICE ADJACENT TO THE EXPANDED CONFERENCE AREA (ALSO IN THE ADMINISTRATIVE AREA) WILL BE RECONFIGURED TO SUPPORT MORE STAFF ON SITE, AS WELL AS CONVERTING THE TRAINING ROOM TO OFFICE SPACE. A NEW FILE AREA WILL ALSO BE CREATED IN THIS SPACE TO ACCOMMODATE THIS NEED.HVAC WILL BE MODIFIED TO ACCOMMODATE THESE CHANGES. THERE WILL ALSO BE ADDITIONAL SINKS ADDED TO THE LAB AREA.

COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: FRAMEWORK: DATA: HDR: NANOCOMPOSITES TO METAMATERIALS: A KNOWLEDGE GRAPH FRAMEWORK

TESTING NOVEL HYPOTHESES IN MTU RECA INTEIN SPLICING

"ADAPTIVE PROCESS CONTROLS AND ULTRASONICS FOR HIGH TEMPERATURE PEM MEA MANUFACTURE

REMODELING THE MICROTUBULE CYTOSKELETON FOR POLARIZED TRANSPORT

COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: FUSE: INTERCONNECTS WITH CO-DESIGNED MATERIALS, TOPOLOGY, AND WIRE ARCHITECTURE -NONTECHNICAL DESCRIPTION: THIS INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH PROJECT FOCUSES ON THE SYNTHESIS OF NEW MATERIALS WHICH HAVE A HIGH ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY FOR SMALL WIRES. THIS IS IMPORTANT BECAUSE MORE POWERFUL AND ENERGY-EFFICIENT COMPUTERS REQUIRE SMALLER WIRES TO CONNECT THE SWITCHES (TRANSISTORS) AS WELL AS THE MEMORY ELEMENTS. THE KEY IDEA IS TO USE A NEW TYPE OF MATERIALS FOR WHICH ELECTRONS CANNOT BE SCATTERED AT THE WIRE SURFACES. THE PROJECT DISCOVERS SUCH NEW MATERIALS AND DEVELOPS METHODS FOR THEIR SYNTHESIS AND INTEGRATION INTO COMPUTER CHIP MANUFACTURING, FACILITATING MORE POWERFUL AND ENERGY-EFFICIENT CHIPS USED IN DEVICES RANGING FROM SMARTPHONES TO LARGE DATA CENTERS. THE PROJECT INCLUDES A MULTIFACETED EDUCATION AND WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT INITIATIVE, INVOLVING EDUCATION LEADERS FROM HISTORICALLY BLACK COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES AND MINORITY SERVING INSTITUTIONS, SCIENTISTS FROM RESEARCH INTENSIVE UNIVERSITIES, AND DEVELOPMENT ENGINEERS FROM COMPANIES IN THE SEMICONDUCTOR INDUSTRY. THESE INITIATIVES ARE DESIGNED TO INCREASE DIVERSITY, QUALITY, AND QUANTITY OF THE USA-BASED SEMICONDUCTOR CHIP MANUFACTURING WORKFORCE. TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION: THIS PROJECT AIMS TO CONTROL THE SYNTHESIS OF NEW HIGH-CONDUCTIVITY ELECTRICAL INTERCONNECT MATERIALS AND TO CO-DESIGN THE CONDUCTOR MATERIALS WITH THE BACK-END DIELECTRIC TO ACHIEVE A CONDUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE OVER EXISTING CU TECHNOLOGY IN FUTURE INTEGRATED CIRCUITS. THIS INVOLVES EXPLOITING SCATTERING-IMMUNE SURFACE TRANSPORT IN TOPOLOGICAL METALS, TUNING THEIR FERMI LEVEL THROUGH STRAIN AND DIELECTRIC ENGINEERING FOR MAXIMUM TOPOLOGICAL EFFECTS, AND ACHIEVING CRYSTAL ORIENTATION/CHIRALITY CONTROL FOR HIGH CONDUCTIVITY IN TOPOLOGICAL AND ANISOTROPIC METALS. THE PROJECT USES A TIGHT INTEGRATION OF COMPLEMENTARY NOVEL SYNTHESIS METHODS, HIGH-THROUGHPUT CHARACTERIZATION, AB-INITIO ELECTRON TRANSPORT CALCULATIONS, AS WELL AS STRAIN, DIELECTRIC AND CONTACT ENGINEERING. MORE SPECIFICALLY, IT INCLUDES SYNTHESIS OF TOPOLOGICAL AND DIRECTIONAL INTERCONNECT CONDUCTORS USING COMPLEMENTARY TECHNIQUES TO PROTOTYPE SEVERAL CLASSES OF MATERIALS FOR THE FUTURE SEMICONDUCTOR INDUSTRY, CO-DESIGN CRYSTAL GROWTH ORIENTATION AND CHIRALITY WITH ELECTRON TRANSPORT TO LEVERAGE FAVORABLE CONDUCTION INCLUDING SCATTERING-IMMUNE UNIDIRECTIONAL SURFACE TRANSPORT IN WEYL SEMIMETALS, AND TUNING OF THE FERMI LEVEL TO WEYL NODES BY ELASTIC STRAIN. THIS PROJECT IS CO-FUNDED BY THE HISTORICALLY BLACK COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES UNDERGRADUATE PROGRAM (HBCU-UP), WHICH PROVIDES AWARDS TO STRENGTHEN STEM UNDERGRADUATE EDUCATION AND RESEARCH AT HBCUS. THIS AWARD REFLECTS NSF'S STATUTORY MISSION AND HAS BEEN DEEMED WORTHY OF SUPPORT THROUGH EVALUATION USING THE FOUNDATION'S INTELLECTUAL MERIT AND BROADER IMPACTS REVIEW CRITERIA.- SUBAWARDS ARE PLANNED FOR THIS AWARD.

ADVANCE INSTITUTIONAL TRANSFORMATION AWARD: RAMP-UP: REFORMING ADVANCEMENT PROCESSES THROUGH INSTITUTIONAL TRANSFORMATION

BRAIN-BASED METRICS FOR PROLONGED FIELD CARE (PFC) TASKS

THE LANGUAGE OF LEARNING

A PLATFORM FOR ENGINEERING META-COGNITIVELY PERCEPTIVE ARTIFICIAL TEAMMATES

APPLICATION OF ELECTRICAL STIMULATION FOR RAPID AND DIRECTED RE-GROWTH VIA ELECTR

RENSSELAER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE - NUCLEAR ENERGY - SCHOLARSHIP AND FELLOWSHIP SUPPORT -

SEARCHING FOR THETA_13 AT DAYA BAY

ADVANCED DEVELOPMENT PARTICLE BEAM PROBE DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEMS

FORMATION OF AMYLOID FIBRILS IS WIDELY STUDIED BECAUSE THEY APPEAR TO PLAY A ROLE IN NUMEROUS NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES. THE FIBRILLIZATION PROCESS

SEQUENCING THE POLYSACCHARIDE COMPONENT OF PROTEOGLYCANS

COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: FRAMEWORKS: A SOFTWARE ECOSYSTEM FOR PLASMA SCIENCE AND SPACE WEATHER APPLICATIONS -THIS PROJECT ADVANCES THE FRONTIERS OF GLOBAL SIMULATIONS OF SPACE AND LABORATORY PLASMA SYSTEMS, AND MAKES THESE ADVANCES ACCESSIBLE TO A BROAD COMMUNITY OF USERS. THE PLASMA STATES IN SUCH SYSTEMS ARE OFTEN IN WEAKLY COLLISIONAL REGIMES WHERE TRADITIONAL FLUID MODELS BREAK DOWN. TO DESCRIBE SUCH SYSTEMS, THE PROJECT TEAM IS DEVELOPING GKEYLL, A MULTI-FLUID, MULTI-MOMENT MODEL THAT INCORPORATES IMPORTANT KINETIC EFFECTS. THE MODEL CAN BE USED FOR HIGH-FIDELITY AND ACCURATE PREDICTIONS FOR SPACE WEATHER EVENTS, AND FOR THE DESIGN AND STUDY OF LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS ENGAGED IN DISCOVERY PLASMA SCIENCE. THE PROJECT WILL DEVELOP COMPREHENSIVE CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE (CI) TO SUPPORT PROFESSIONAL SCIENTISTS IN THE EXECUTION OF SPACE WEATHER AND BASIC PLASMA PHYSICS SIMULATIONS OVER A WIDE VARIETY OF COMPUTING PLATFORMS FROM LOCAL CLUSTERS TO HIGH-PERFORMANCE COMPUTING FACILITIES. GKEYLL CI TO BE DEVELOPED INCLUDES (1) PROVIDING WEB-BASED USER INTERFACES FOR DEFINING, EXECUTING, AND MANAGING SIMULATIONS, (2) WORKFLOWS CONSISTING OF OF PRE-DEFINED SEQUENCES OF TASKS, AND (3) USER-FRIENDLY TOOLS THAT IMPLEMENT THE WORKFLOW TASKS. GKEYLL SCIENCE WILL BE FACILITATED BY ALGORITHMIC ADVANCES. GKEYLL IS OPEN-SOURCE AND PROVIDES THE SPACE AND LABORATORY PLASMA SCIENCE COMMUNITIES WITH A MODERN AND VERSATILE SOFTWARE ECOSYSTEM. THE PROJECT TEAM IS STRONGLY INTERDISCIPLINARY, INCLUDING SPACE AND LABORATORY PLASMA SCIENTISTS, APPLIED MATHEMATICIANS, COMPUTER SCIENTISTS AND SOFTWARE ENGINEERS, AND THE PROJECT WILL PROMOTE DIVERSITY IN PROFESSIONAL TRAINING AND EDUCATION. THE CI TO BE BUILT IN THE PROJECT IS CENTERED ON THE GKEYLL FRAMEWORK THAT CONSISTS OF ADVANCED PLASMA SIMULATION MODELS, TOOLS, AND AUTOMATED CONTINUOUS INTEGRATION OF NEW SOFTWARE. THE PROJECT WILL PROVIDE A UNIFORM AND COMPLETE OPEN-SOURCE SOLUTION WITH WORKFLOW CONTROL TO MODEL PLASMA SYSTEMS FROM TERRESTRIAL MAGNETOSPHERES TO LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS IN COLLISIONLESS OR WEAKLY COLLISIONAL PLASMA REGIMES, WHICH ARE ESSENTIAL FOR SPACE WEATHER AND LABORATORY PLASMA EXPERIMENTS. THE PROJECT WILL EXTEND AND ENHANCE THE CORE ALGORITHMS IN GKEYLL AND INTEGRATE THE SOFTWARE WITH THE NSF SCIENCE GATEWAY PLATFORM AS A SERVICE (SCIGAP). GKEYLL SCIENCE IS FACILITATED BY CORE MODELING AND PDE DISCRETIZATION ADVANCES, INCLUDING AUTOMATED AND ADAPTIVE GRIDDING FOR RELEVANT SETS OF PARAMETERIZED GEOMETRIES THAT ARE PROPERLY MATCHED TO THE EQUATION DISCRETIZATION METHODS. THE PROJECT WILL EMPLOY MODERN SOFTWARE ENGINEERING PRACTICES TO PRODUCE SCALABLE, SECURE, AND HIGH-FIDELITY PHYSICS-BASED SOFTWARE. THIS AWARD BY THE OFFICE OF ADVANCED CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE IS JOINTLY SUPPORTED BY THE DIVISION OF PHYSICS WITHIN THE NSF DIRECTORATE FOR MATHEMATICAL AND PHYSICAL SCIENCES, AND THE DIVISION OF ATMOSPHERIC AND GEOSPACE SCIENCES AND THE DIVISION OF RESEARCH, INNOVATION, SYNERGIES, AND EDUCATION WITHIN THE NSF DIRECTORATE FOR GEOSCIENCES. THIS AWARD REFLECTS NSF'S STATUTORY MISSION AND HAS BEEN DEEMED WORTHY OF SUPPORT THROUGH EVALUATION USING THE FOUNDATION'S INTELLECTUAL MERIT AND BROADER IMPACTS REVIEW CRITERIA.

100GHZ EQUIPMENT WITH CRYO APPLICATIONS

THE MODELING OF TWO-PHASE FLOWS AROUND SHIP HULLS

HARMONIC: HUMAN-AI ROBOTIC TEAM MEMBER OPERATING WITH NATURAL INTELLIGENCE AND COMMUNICATION

ENHANCED NEUROPROTECTION FOLLOWING ACUTE SCI USING FIBROUS MATERIALS

GRATING-BASED X-RAY PHASE-CONTRAST TOMOGRAPHY METHODS

REGIONAL 800 MHZ NMR SYSTEM UPGRADE - 7. PROJECT SUMMARY THIS PROPOSAL SEEKS TO FUND A STATE-OF-THE-ART 800 MHZ NMR RADIO FREQUENCY (RF) CONSOLE, [1H/19F,13C,15N,2H]- CRYOPROBE, CRYOPROBE COOLING UNIT, AND SUPERCONDUCTING MAGNET PUMP STATION CONTROLLER AND MONITORING UNIT, AS WELL AS A TEMPERATURE-CONTROLLED SAMPLE CHANGER ACCESSORY, OPTIMALLY CONFIGURED FOR MODERN SOLUTION-STATE BIOMOLECULAR NMR. THE PRIMARY NEED FOR THIS REPLACEMENT NMR CONSOLE IS TO ADDRESS THE CRITICAL NEED FOR NMR DATA COLLECTION AT 800 MHZ AMONG A BROAD AND GROWING USER GROUP AT RENSSELAER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE (RPI), AND AT OTHER INSTITUTIONS IN THE UPSTATE NEW YORK AND NEW JERSEY REGION. THIS NMR SPECTROMETER SYSTEM WILL REPLACE A 15-YR OLD BRUKER AVANCE II (AVII) 600 MHZ NMR CONSOLE, CRYOPROBE, AND MAGNET PUMP CONTROLLER SYSTEM THAT ARE NO LONGER SUPPORTED BY THE MANUFACTURER, AND WHICH HAVE LIMITED CAPABILITIES TO CARRY OUT MODERN NMR EXPERIMENTS REQUIRED BY OUR GROWING NIH-FUNDED NMR USER COMMUNITY. THE REPLACEMENT RF CONSOLE AND PROBE, TOGETHER WITH AN EXISTING WELL-MAINTAINED ACTIVELY-SHIELDED 18.8 TESLA SUPERCONDUCTING MAGNET WITH US2 CRYOSTAT, WILL FORM AN INTEGRATED BIOMOLECULAR NMR SYSTEM. THIS PROPOSAL WAS PREPARED ON BEHALF OF SOME 21 RESEARCH GROUPS, INCLUDING 14 NIH-FUNDED GROUPS, THAT WILL UTILIZE THE PROPOSED NMR INSTRUMENT FOR MEASUREMENTS. THIS EXISTING AV II CONSOLE CANNOT BE SUSTAINABLY MAINTAINED DUE TO LIMITED AVAILABILITY OF REPLACEMENT PARTS, AND ITS INABILITY TO RUN MODERN NMR DATA COLLECTION SOFTWARE. THE PRINCIPAL USER GROUPS INCLUDE FACULTY AT THE CENTER FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY AND INTERDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES, AND IN THE DEPARTMENTS OF BIOLOGY, CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL BIOLOGY, AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING AT RPI, AND EXTERNAL USER GROUPS, INCLUDING FACULTY OF THE STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT ALBANY, THE STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO, ALBANY COLLEGE OF PHARMACY AND HEALTH SCIENCES, SIENNA COLLEGE, AND RUTGERS – THE STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW JERSEY. THESE RESEARCHERS SPAN GROUPS WITH LIMITED EXPERTISE IN NMR WHO SEND SAMPLES AND/OR STUDENTS TO THE FACILITY FOR DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS EFFORTS, TO HIGHLY-EXPERIENCED BIOMOLECULAR NMR SPECTROSCOPISTS WHO NEED ACCESS TO HIGH FIELD NMR DATA COLLECTION. THE RPI 800 MHZ SPECTROMETER HAS SERVED FOR MORE THAN 14 YEARS AS A CRITICAL RESOURCE TO THE CAPITAL REGION OF NEW YORK, WITH NO OTHER NMR SYSTEM OF THIS FIELD STRENGTH OR GREATER WITHIN 120 MILES OF TROY. THE HARDWARE IS IN URGENT NEED OF UPGRADE, AS THERE IS THE POTENTIAL FOR IRREPARABLE HARDWARE FAILURE, AND THE RESEARCH GROUPS WHO USE IT CANNOT CARRY OUT THEIR NIH-FUNDED RESEARCH WITHOUT A STATE-OF-THE-ART 800 MHZ NMR SYSTEM. THEIR FUNDED PROJECTS ARE MATURE, AND WILL UTILIZE NEW HARDWARE AS SOON AS IT IS INSTALLED. THE UPGRADED INSTRUMENT WILL HAVE BROAD IMPACT, AS A SIGNIFICANT PORTION OF NMR TIME WILL BE DEDICATED TO TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT AND A BROAD RANGE OF COLLABORATIVE ACTIVITIES. THE OUTSTANDING EXPERTISE OF THE SCIENTISTS RESPONSIBLE FOR THIS NMR CORE FACILITY, WELL-ESTABLISHED ADMINISTRATION AND MAINTENANCE POLICIES, COMMITMENT TO SUPPORT BOTH MAJOR AND MINOR USERS, AND AFFORDABLE RATES FOR BOTH INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL USERS WILL ENSURE SUCCESS OF THIS INSTRUMENT AS A REGIONAL RESOURCE. 1

RENSSELAER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE (RPI): BASE AWARD

INVESTIGATION OF METALLIC PHOTONIC CRYSTALS FOR THE MODIFICATION OF THERMAL EMISSION

TAS::57 3600::TAS MASSIVELY PARALLEL MODELING AND SIMULATION OF NEXT GENERATION HYBRID NEUROMORPHIC SUPERCOMPUTER SYSTEM

APPRENTICE AGENTS

HIGH PERFORMANCE GREEN LEDS BY HOMOEPITAXIAL MOVPE

DMREF: REAL TIME CONTROL OF GRAIN GROWTH IN METALS

DECIPHERING THE MECHANICS OF MICROTUBULE NETWORKS IN MITOSIS - PROJECT SUMMARY CELLS PERFORM MECHANICAL TASKS ACROSS A WIDE RANGE OF PROCESSES INCLUDING SEGREGATING CHROMOSOMES DURING CELL DIVISION. THESE TASKS ARE ACCOMPLISHED BY THE ORGANIZATION OF FORCE-GENERATING CYTOSKELETAL NETWORKS. MICRON-SCALE MICROTUBULE NETWORKS NEED BOTH MOTOR AND NON-MOTOR PROTEINS TO MOVE AND ORGANIZE FILAMENTS INTO PROPER FUNCTIONAL MECHANICAL UNITS. OUR LONG-TERM GOAL IS TO DECIPHER THE MECHANICAL CODE THAT UNDERLIES THE ASSEMBLY AND FUNCTION OF THESE NETWORKS, USING MITOSIS AS A MODEL BIOLOGICAL PROCESS. TO ACHIEVE THIS GOAL, WE WILL EMPLOY BIOCHEMICAL RECONSTITUTION, BIOPHYSICAL METHODS, SINGLE-MOLECULE FLUORESCENCE MICROSCOPY, AND LIVE- CELL IMAGING. WE WILL BUILD ON OUR RECENT PUBLICATIONS AND UNPUBLISHED PRELIMINARY DATA TO FOCUS ON MICROTUBULE NETWORK MECHANICS IN MITOSIS IN THE FOLLOWING THREE AIMS: (1) DETERMINE THE MECHANICAL AND FUNCTIONAL DIFFERENCES BETWEEN BRIDGING FIBERS IN METAPHASE AND THE CENTRAL SPINDLE MICROTUBULE NETWORK IN ANAPHASE. SPECIFICALLY, WE WILL DISSECT THE MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF AN ESSENTIAL CROSSLINKING NON-MOTOR MAP, PRC1, THAT BUILDS DISTINCT MOTIFS WITHIN THE MITOTIC SPINDLE. THESE FEATURES INCLUDE BRIDGING FIBERS THAT CONNECT SISTER KINETOCHORE FIBERS IN METAPHASE AND THE CENTRAL SPINDLE MIDZONE ARRAY IN ANAPHASE. PRC1 IS CELL CYCLE REGULATED BY CDK/CYCLIN B, AND THEREFORE IS A BIOCHEMICALLY DISTINCT MOLECULE IN METAPHASE AND ANAPHASE. WE WILL ASSEMBLE AND MECHANICALLY PROBE FILAMENT NETWORKS TO UNDERSTAND HOW THE SPINDLE IS ABLE TO DIFFERENTIALLY GENERATE FORCES AND REMODEL ITSELF WHILE MOVING CHROMOSOMES IN METAPHASE AND ANAPHASE. IMAGING LIVE CELLS DURING MITOSIS THAT EXPRESS MUTANT PRC1 CONSTRUCTS WILL VALIDATE OUR IN VITRO FINDINGS. (2) DETERMINE THE MOLECULAR MECHANISMS FOR MAP CLUSTERING AND THE FUNCTIONAL ROLE OF MAP CLUSTERS IN REGULATING MICROTUBULE ORGANIZATION. SPECIALLY, WE WILL EXAMINE HOW INTRINSICALLY DISORDERED SUBDOMAINS WITHIN PRC1 CONTRIBUTE TO MAP CLUSTERING. OUR PUBLISHED AND PRELIMINARY DATA SUGGESTS THAT PRC1 CLUSTERS SIGNIFICANTLY IMPEDE FILAMENT SLIDING, AND THAT THE C-TERMINAL UNSTRUCTURED DOMAIN MEDIATES THIS EFFECT. WE WILL EMPLOY OUR BIOPHYSICAL AND CELL BIOLOGICAL TOOLS TO DETERMINE THE EFFECT THAT REDUCING CLUSTERING HAS ON MICROTUBULE ORGANIZATION. (3) DETERMINE HOW COMPLEXES OF MOTOR AND NON-MOTOR MAPS COLLECTIVELY REGULATE MICROTUBULE ORGANIZATION. WE WILL EXAMINE HOW THE KIF4A/PRC1 COMPLEX GENERATES FORCES DURING MICROTUBULE SLIDING, AND HOW A STEADY-STATE OVERLAP ARRANGEMENT PRODUCES RESISTIVE FORCES THAT MAINTAIN SPINDLE MIDZONE INTEGRITY. TOGETHER, OUR FINDINGS SHOULD ADVANCE OUR UNDERSTANDING OF HOW MICRON-SCALE MICROTUBULE NETWORKS REGULATE CHROMOSOME MOTIONS IN MITOSIS. WE AIM TO ELUCIDATE A ‘CODE’ THAT DEFINES HOW THE STRUCTURE AND BIOCHEMISTRY OF DIFFERENT MAPS GIVES RISE TO CELLULAR MACHINERY THAT CAN PERFORM MECHANICAL WORK. ERRORS IN MICROTUBULE NETWORK ASSEMBLY DUE TO COPY NUMBER VARIATIONS OR MUTATIONS IN ESSENTIAL MAPS ARE LINKED TO DISEASE IN HUMANS. OUR RESEARCH WILL SHED LIGHT ON THE BIOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES THAT LINK NETWORK FAILURE TO DISEASE STATES AND MAY LEAD TO THERAPIES THAT TARGET THESE PROTEINS OR PROVIDE INSIGHTS INTO DIAGNOSTIC TOOLS FOR ASSESSING DISEASE PROGRESSION.

TRANSPORT PHENOMENA IN FLUID- BEARING ROCKS

EMSW21-RTG: INTEGRATED RESEARCH TRAINING IN THE MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES

REDUCED-ORDER CONSTRAINED OPTIMIZATION FOR RAPID IMRT AND VMAT TREATMENT PLANNING

INTEGRATION OF COMPUTATIONAL THINKING AND SCIENCE USING CULTURALLY-BASED TOPICS

RENSSELAER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE (RPI), IN COLLABORATION WITH THE DOE AMES LABORATORY (AMESLAB), IOWA STATE UNIVERSITY (ISU) AND GENERAL ELECTRIC RESEARCH (GE), PROPOSE A 3-YEARS PROGRAM TO DEVELOP A NEW CLASS OF TEMPERATURE RESISTANT AL-CE-BASED ALLOYS FOR APPLICATIONS IN THE AEROSPACE INDUSTRY. THESE ALLOYS WILL HAVE TOUGHNESS, STRENGTH AND FATIGUE RESISTANCE AT ROOM TEMPERATURE SIMILAR TO THE BEST ALUMINUM ALLOYS CURRENTLY IN USE FOR AIRFRAME COMPONENTS, BUT WILL EXHIBIT SIGNIFICANTLY ENHANCED RETENTION OF MECHANICAL PROPERTIES UPON EXPOSURE TO ELEVATED TEMPERATURES. THIS WILL ALLOW APPLICATIONS OF THESE LIGHT ALUMINUM ALLOYS IN SUPERSONIC AIRCRAFT DESIGN. THIS PROGRAM WILL CONSIDER A BROAD RANGE OF MATERIAL COMPOSITIONS, INCLUDING BINARY AL-CE, TERNARY AL-CE-MG AND QUATERNARY AL-CE-MG-ZN AND AL-CE-MG-ZR ALLOYS, AS WELL AS AL-CE-MG REINFORCED WITH SIC OR AL2O3 NANOPARTICLES. THE ALLOY COMPOSITIONS WILL BE SELECTED THROUGH A HIGH THROUGHPUT SCREENING PROCEDURE. ALL MATERIALS WILL BE SUBJECTED TO THERMOMECHANICAL PROCESSING DESIGNED TO REFINE THE MICROSTRUCTURE AND TO PRODUCE A FINE DISPERSION OF INTERMETALLIC DISPERSOIDS, WHICH WILL ENSURE HIGH STRENGTH, HIGH FATIGUE RESISTANCE AND ENHANCED PROPERTY RETENTION UPON EXPOSURE TO ELEVATED TEMPERATURES. AN AMPLE PROGRAM OF TESTING UNDER MONOTONIC AND CYCLIC LOADING WILL BE UNDERTAKEN AND THE RESULTS WILL BE USED TO GUIDE FURTHER MATERIAL AND PROCESS DEVELOPMENT. THE DATA WILL BE USED TO DEVELOP AND CALIBRATE MODELS DESCRIBING THE MATERIAL BEHAVIOR UNDER MONOTONIC AND FATIGUE LOADING, AND CRITICAL CONDITIONS FOR CRACK NUCLEATION. THE MODELS WILL BE REPRESENTATIVE FOR THE ENSEMBLE OF THE EXPERIMENTAL DATA OBTAINED AND WILL BE AVAILABLE FOR USE IN AIRCRAFT COMPONENT DESIGN. SUPERSONIC FLIGHT CAUSES SIGNIFICANT TEMPERATURE INCREASE OF THE AIRFRAME DUE TO AERODYNAMIC FRICTION. ALUMINUM ALLOYS CURRENTLY USED IN SUBSONIC AIRCRAFT DESIGN CANNOT WITHSTAND SUCH ELEVATED TEMPERATURES AND THEREFORE, OTHER, HEAVIER MATERIALS ARE CURRENTLY SELECTED FOR SUPERSONIC AIRCRAFT. THE PROPOSED ALLOYS WILL MAKE POSSIBLE USING LIGHT ALUMINUM FOR SOME COMPONENTS OF THE AIRFRAME, WHICH WILL LEAD TO WEIGHT REDUCTION, ASSOCIATED FUEL SAVINGS AND REDUCTION OF CO2 EMISSIONS. THE PROPOSED TECHNOLOGY IS ESTIMATED TO REDUCE THE WEIGHT OF THE AIRFRAME BY 2%, WHICH TRANSLATES IN A REDUCTION OF 575,000 GALLONS OF JET FUEL, OR 5,100 METRIC TONS OF CO2 EMISSIONS OVER THE LIFETIME OF THE AIRCRAFT. THE PROGRAM PROPOSED WILL ADVANCE THE TECHNOLOGY READINESS LEVEL FROM 2 TO 4.

SIMULATION STUDIES OF THE MECHANISM OF TRANSLOCATION OF CELL PENETRATING PEPTIDES

DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION OF METHODS FOR INVESTIGATING THE BIOLOGICAL ROLES AND STRUCTURAL BASIS OF PROTEIN KINETIC STABILITY

NEW CA RPI

EFFECT: ENHANCED FORMATION OF EXPLAINABLE COLLECTIVE-JUDGMENT IN AI-ASSISTED TEAMS (TECHNICAL AREA 2)

TOOL FOR RELIABILITY ASSESSMENT OF CRITICAL ELECTRONICS IN PV (TRACE-PV)

MODULATING STRETCH ACTIVATION TO RESTORE MUSCLE AND HEART FUNCTION

ORBITRAP ECLIPSE TRIBRID MASS SPECTROMETER AS A REGIONAL RESOURCE - 7. PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT THIS S10 SHARED INSTRUMENTATION GRANT PROPOSAL REQUESTS FUNDS TO ACQUIRE AN ORBITRAP ECLIPSE TRIBRID MASS SPECTROMETER (MS). THIS NEW ORBITRAP WILL REPLACE OUR CURRENT LTQ ORBITRAP XL MS AND THE TSQ QUANTUM ULTRA MS, BOTH MORE THAN 15 YEARS OLD. THIS STRATEGIC INVESTMENT WILL SAVE SIGNIFICANT TAXPAYERS’ MONEYS BY REPLACING TWO OLD INSTRUMENTS WITH JUST ONE TO REDUCE THE COST OF OPERATION. AT THE SAME TIME, THE UNIQUE CAPABILITIES OF THE ORBITRAP ECLIPSE WOULD GREATLY ENHANCE THE RESEARCH TOPICS WHICH CAN BE ANALYZED TO MEET THE NEEDS OF OUR RESEARCH COMMUNITY, INCLUDING IDENTIFICATION OF PTMS INCLUDING PHOSPHORYLATION, ANALYSIS OF GLYCANS, AND TOP- DOWN PROTEOMICS. THE NEW ORBITRAP WILL BE HOUSED IN THE PROTEOMICS CORE FACILITY, IN THE CENTER FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY AND INTERDISCIPLINARY STUDIES (CBIS), AT RPI. IF OUR PROPOSAL IS FUNDED, THIS ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY WILL BE AVAILABLE TO 30 RESEARCH GROUPS IN THE NEW YORK CAPITAL REGION. THERE ARE 20-NIH FUNDED RESEARCH GROUPS PARTICIPATING IN THIS PROPOSAL, NINETEEN OF THESE ARE MAJOR USERS OF THE PROPOSED INSTRUMENTATION. OVERALL, THIS NIH-FUNDED GROUP IS VERY STRONG WITH R01, R44, R37, R21, RF1, R35, R03 AND ACCOUNTS FOR 85% OF THE AUT. CURRENTLY AN ORBITRAP ECLIPSE TRIBRID MASS SPECTROMETER IS NOT AVAILABLE IN A RADIUS OF 150 MILES FROM RPI AND WILL BECOME AN EXCELLENT RESOURCE IN THE NY CAPITAL REGION AND BEYOND. MANY OF THE RESEARCH PROGRAMS IN THIS PROPOSAL ARE RELATED TO BIOENGINEERING, STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY, MOLECULAR BIOPHYSICS AND BIOMANUFACTURING. THESE PROGRAMS ARE RELATED TO MANY HUMAN DISEASES, INCLUDING ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE, GLOMERULAR DISEASE, SPINAL CORD INJURY, LUNG RECELLULARIZATION, PARKINSON’S DISEASE, CIRCADIAN RHYTHM, MICROBIOME IN HUMAN GUT, AND IMMUNE MECHANISMS/DISEASES, CARDIAC CHIRALITY, CANCER, CHOLESTEROL LEVELS, ALL OF THESE PROJECTS ARE NIH FUNDED. THE USER BASE SPANS FROM USERS WITH LITTLE EXPERIENCE IN MASS SPECTROMETRY THAT SEND SAMPLES TO THE FACILITY AND FULLY RELY ON THE EXPERTISE OF THE PROTEOMICS CORE DIRECTOR, TO HIGHLY EXPERIENCED MASS SPECTROSCOPISTS. DR. ZAGOREVSKI WILL PLAY A KEY ROLE IN DESIGNING EXPERIMENTS, RUNNING EXPERIMENTS AND ANALYZING THE RESULTS, MAKING CRITICAL SCIENTIFIC CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MASS SPECTROMETRY FIELD. UNDER HIS OVERSIGHT, THE PROTEOMICS CORE IS ONE OF THE MOST SUCCESSFUL CORES IN CBIS WITH MORE THAN 90 PEER-REVIEWED PUBLICATIONS IN THE LAST 5 YEARS. HIS OUTSTANDING EXPERTISE, WELL-ESTABLISHED ADMINISTRATION AND MAINTENANCE POLICIES, COMMITMENT TO SUPPORT BOTH MAJOR AND MINOR USERS, AND AFFORDABLE RATES FOR BOTH INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL USERS WILL ENSURE SUCCESS OF THIS INSTRUMENT AS A REGIONAL RESOURCE.

MECHANISMS OF VESICLE TRAFFICKING AND KINESIN REGULATION - PROJECT SUMMARY NEARLY EVERY ASPECT OF CELLULAR FUNCTION—FROM DEVELOPMENT TO METABOLISM AND SIGNALING—REQUIRES THAT MEMBRANE PROTEINS BE TARGETED TO THE CORRECT LOCATION IN THE CELL. THIS PROCESS REQUIRES HIGH SPECIFICITY AS DIFFERENT CARGOES ARE DESTINED FOR DIFFERENT DESTINATIONS. ALTHOUGH THE BASIC STEPS OF THIS PROCESS ARE KNOWN (I.E., CARGOES ARE SORTED INTO VESICLES, THE PROPER KINESINS ARE RECRUITED, AND KINESINS THEN TRANSPORT VESICLES TO THE PROPER DESTINATION), OUR CURRENT UNDERSTANDING OF THE MECHANISMS BY WHICH KINESINS ARE RECRUITED TO VESICLES AND HOW THEIR ACTION IS REGULATED ON VESICLES IN LIVE CELLS IS EXTREMELY LIMITED. PREVIOUSLY, THE FIELD LACKED MANY OF THE TOOLS NEEDED TO BETTER CHARACTERIZE AND UNDERSTAND THESE MECHANISMS, BUT OUR GROUP HAS DEVELOPED SEVERAL CUTTING-EDGE TOOLS THAT ALLOW US FOR THE FIRST TIME TO ANSWER SEVERAL FUNDAMENTALLY IMPORTANT QUESTIONS. IN THIS PROJECT, WE WILL APPLY OUR EXPERIENCE WITH THESE TOOLS IN COMBINATION WITH PRIMARY HIPPOCAMPAL NEURON CULTURE AND LIVE CELL IMAGING TO ACHIEVE FOUR KEY GOALS: 1) DETERMINE THE MECHANISMS OF ON-VESICLE REGULATION FOR KINESIN- MEDIATED TRANSPORT, USING KINESIN-3 FAMILY MEMBER KIF13A AS AN INITIAL MODEL, 2) IDENTIFY MOLECULAR LINKS BETWEEN CARGO SORTING AND KINESIN RECRUITMENT, 3) DETERMINE THE MECHANISMS THAT UNDERLIE THE SORTING OF POLARIZED CARGOES AT THE TRANS-GOLGI NETWORK, AND 4) DEVELOP ADDITIONAL MOLECULAR TOOLS IN PURSUIT OF THESE GOALS THAT ALSO HAVE APPLICABILITY TO THE BROADER TRAFFICKING COMMUNITY.

SITS SOCIALIZING SOIL: ENHANCING COMMUNITY COOPERATION WITH ITERATIVE SENSOR RESEARCH (S3-ECO-WISER) -COMMUNITY-ENGAGED SOIL SENSING IS ESSENTIAL FOR CONFRONTING THE CHALLENGE OF TOXIC POLLUTION?SPECIFICALLY ARSENIC AND PER- AND POLY-FLUOROALKYL SUBSTANCES (PFAS)?IN HUMAN ENVIRONMENTS. THIS PROJECT USES BACTERIA AS SENSORS OF SOIL CONTAMINANTS, ULTIMATELY LEADING TO THE PRODUCTION OF PAPER-BASED ?TEST STRIPS? THAT GENERATE A QUANTITATIVE READING OF CONTAMINANT CONCENTRATIONS IN SOIL. SUCH BIOSENSORS CAN SUPPORT BASIC SCIENCE AS WELL AS COMMUNITY-ENGAGED INVESTIGATIONS OF EXPOSURE PATHWAYS. THE PROJECT USES A ?RESPONSIBLE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION? (RRI) FRAMEWORK, WHICH MEANS INCLUDING STAKEHOLDERS?PARTICULARLY CITIZEN SCIENTISTS?IN THE RESEARCH PROCESS TO ENHANCE CAPACITY TO ANTICIPATE CONSEQUENCES OF DIFFERENT SENSOR DESIGNS, REFLECT ON THE RESEARCHERS? ASSUMPTIONS, AND RESPOND TO STAKEHOLDER NEEDS AND VALUES. THIS WORK AIMS TO CREATE A BIOHYBRID DEVICE THAT CAN EXPLOIT AND TUNE THE STRENGTHS OF BOTH ELECTRONIC AND BIOLOGICAL SENSING WITH THE INVENTION OF A DYNAMIC BIOELECTRONIC INTERFACE. BY SEPARATING THE ACTUATION AND SENSING STAGES WITH DIFFERENT BACTERIA, A TRANSFER FUNCTION BETWEEN SIGNAL GAIN AND SYSTEM STABILITY CAN BE ENGINEERED AND CUSTOMIZED TOWARD COMMUNITY SENSING NEEDS. DEVELOPMENT OF THE DEVICE INVOLVES PURSUIT OF FOUR INTERDEPENDENT AIMS: 1) ENGAGING STAKEHOLDERS THROUGH CITIZEN SCIENCE AND AN ADVISORY BOARD IN ORDER TO INFORM RESEARCH PRIORITIES AND APPROACHES, 2) USING TWO DIFFERENT BACTERIA THAT FUNCTION AS THE SENSING FRONT END (E.COLI) AND ELECTROACTIVE BACKEND (S. ONEIDENSIS) TO PRODUCE ARSENIC DETECTION AT DETECTION LEVELS COMPARABLE TO CURRENT STANDARDS, 3) EXPERIMENTATION WITH ELECTROACTIVE BACTERIA SPECIES (P. AEROGINOSA) TO ADVANCE TOWARD A PFAS BIOSENSOR, AND 4) ITERATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF A PAPER-BASED SENSOR DESIGN THAT IS SUITABLE FOR COMMUNITY-BASED ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING. THIS AWARD WAS MADE THROUGH THE SIGNALS IN THE SOIL (SITS) SOLICITATION, A COLLABORATIVE PARTNERSHIP BETWEEN THE NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION AND THE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE (USDA NIFA). THIS AWARD REFLECTS NSF'S STATUTORY MISSION AND HAS BEEN DEEMED WORTHY OF SUPPORT THROUGH EVALUATION USING THE FOUNDATION'S INTELLECTUAL MERIT AND BROADER IMPACTS REVIEW CRITERIA.

NEW COOPERATIVE AGREEMENT - CONVERGENT MANUFACTURING OF METAL-CERAMIC BUILDS FOR HIGH-TEMPERATURE APPLICATIONS

EXPERIMENTAL AND THEORETICAL STUDIES OF CHARGE-CHARGE INTERACTIONS IN PROTEINS

RENSSELAER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE: NEW ONWARDS FULLY FUNDED COOPERATIVE AGREEMENT. CONTROL NUMBER: 2530-1533 PROJECT TITLE: METAL HALIDE PEROVSKITES AS INNOVATIVE AND COST-EFFECTIVE SALT WASTE FORMS WITH HIGH WASTE LOADINGS AND EXCEPTIONAL CHEMICAL DURABILITYNONO

ACTIVE PERCEPTION AND LEARNING FOR ROBUST SENSING AND CONTROL IN UAVS

SELF-ASSEMBLED MULTIFUNCTIONAL BIOINTERFACES - RESEARCH IN THE ZHA LAB AT RENSSELAER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE FOCUSES ON CREATING BIOMIMETIC MATERIALS AND PROCESSES THAT AID IN STUDYING, DIAGNOSING, PREVENTING, AND TREATING DISEASE. BY LEVERAGING THE SELF-ASSEMBLY CAPABILITIES OF RATIONALLY DESIGNED BIOMACROMOLECULES, THIS RESEARCH AIMS TO CREATE HIERARCHICALLY STRUCTURED SYSTEMS THAT ARE MULTIFUNCTIONAL. THIS MIRA R35 FOR EARLY STAGE INVESTIGATORS PROJECT WILL SUPPORT THE EXPLORATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF NEW APPROACHES FOR ENHANCING THE FUNCTION OF BIOMEDICAL AND BIOLOGICAL INTERFACES. THE APPROACHES ARE BASED ON AN INTERFACIAL PHENOMENON RECENTLY REPORTED BY THE PI, WHEREBY ROBUST NANOTHIN COATINGS ARE GENERATED NON- COVALENTLY ON SURFACES BY CONTROLLING THE SELF-ASSEMBLY OF STRUCTURAL PROTEINS SUCH AS SILK FIBROIN. THESE COATINGS CAN TRANSFORM THE PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF A WIDE RANGE OF SUBSTRATES UNDER BIOCOMPATIBLE CONDITIONS, REGARDLESS OF SURFACE CHEMISTRY OR TOPOGRAPHY AND WITHOUT SPECIALIZED EQUIPMENT. THE RESEARCH PROGRAM WILL EXPLORE COATINGS THAT: I) EXHIBIT DYNAMIC BEHAVIOR MIMICKING THE TEMPORAL COMPLEXITY OF CELL SIGNALING IN BIOLOGICAL PROCESSES, II) SHIELD SURFACES AGAINST UNWANTED MACROMOLECULAR AND CELLULAR INTERACTIONS, III) IMPROVE BIOCOMPATIBILITY AND BIOACTIVITY OF CELL-MATERIAL INTERFACES, AND IV) PRESENT OR RELEASE BIOACTIVE PAYLOADS IN A SUSTAINED, CONTROLLED MANNER. WHILE THE INNOVATIONS DEVELOPED BY THE RESEARCH PROGRAM ARE DISEASE-AGNOSTIC AND WILL HAVE THE POTENTIAL TO ADDRESS A WIDE RANGE OF BIOMEDICAL CHALLENGES, THREE PROOF-OF-CONCEPT TOPICS USING MODEL SYSTEMS WILL BE EXAMINED IN THIS PROJECT. 1) COATINGS WITH TEMPORALLY ORCHESTRATED RELEASE OF MULTIPLE NEUROTROPHIC FACTORS WILL BE DEVELOPED TO CONTROL SCHWANN CELL PHENOTYPE FOR NERVE TISSUE REGENERATION. 2) ANTIFOULING PEPTIDE MOTIFS WILL BE DISCOVERED BY COMBINATORIAL SYNTHESIS AND MACHINE LEARNING TO GENERATE COATINGS THAT IMPROVE THE LONG-TERM PERFORMANCE OF IMPLANTED BIOSENSORS. 3) SURFACES OF LIVING CELLS WILL BE ENGINEERED BY INTERFACIAL PROTEIN SELF- ASSEMBLY TO ENHANCE THEIR VIABILITY AND BIOACTIVITY IN THERAPEUTIC APPLICATIONS. THE OUTCOMES OF THIS RESEARCH PROGRAM ARE EXPECTED TO BROADLY YIELD VERSATILE, MODULAR TOOLS FOR BIOMATERIALS DEVELOPMENT.

PRESSURE-BASED MAPPING OF PROTEIN FREE ENERGY LANDSCAPES

NEW; ENGINEERING THE INTERFACE BETWEEN INORGANIC MATERIALS AND CELLS; PI - RAVI KANE

OBJECTIVES : SEARCHING FOR EXTRATERRESTRIAL LIFE NECESSITATES A BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF THE UNIQUE ASPECTS OF LIFE DETECTION IN THE HIGH-PRESSURE DEEP OCEANS OF EUROPA ENCELADUS AND TITAN. GENERALLY EARTH S OCEANS ARE SIMILAR TO THESE EXTRATERRESTRIAL OCEAN WORLDS BUT THE CLOSEST ANALOGS ARE DEEP-SEA HYDROTHERMAL VENTS WHERE MICROBES CYCLE NUTRIENTS AND ENERGY ACROSS A RANGE OF GEOCHEMICAL CONDITIONS. ALL OF THESE ECOSYSTEMS SHARE ONE CENTRAL PHYSICAL PARAMETER - HIGH HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE - AND PIEZOPHILY IS THE COMMON CHARACTERISTIC OF LIFE IN THE DEEP OCEAN. THIS HIGH-PRESSURE ADAPTATION CONFERS A COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE TO PIEZOPHILES ALLOWING THEM TO ACCESS ADDITIONAL ENERGY SOURCES AND EXPAND HABITABLE NICHES. WHILE DEEP-SEA MICROBES HAVE BEEN STUDIED EXTENSIVELY OBLIGATE PIEZOPHILES REMAIN ELUSIVE EXCLUDED BY TRADITIONAL DECOMPRESSIVE SAMPLING TECHNIQUES. PUTATIVE MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES IN THE DEEP OCEANS OF EUROPA ENCELADUS AND TITAN WOULD NECESSARILY BE PIEZOPHILES THEREFORE INSTRUMENT DEVELOPMENT FOR UPCOMING MISSIONS TO OCEAN WORLDS MUST INCLUDE THE ABILITY TO (1) DETECT LIFE UNDER HIGH PRESSURE CONDITIONS AND/OR (2) DEVELOP SAMPLE HANDLING AND LIFE DETECTION ANALYSIS PROTOCOLS THAT MITIGATE THE EFFECTS OF SAMPLE DECOMPRESSION ON ANALYTICAL OUTCOMES. THE DEEP PROJECT WILL TAKE ADVANTAGE OF A NEW HIGH PRESSURE SAMPLING SYSTEM (PUSH50) THAT ALLOWS FOR SAMPLE RETRIEVAL AND MANIPULATION WITHOUT DECOMPRESSION. HERE WE PROPOSE A FIELD RESEARCH PROGRAM TO THE EARTH S DEEPEST HYDROTHERMAL VENTS THE MID CAYMAN RISE IN ORDER TO DEVELOP HIGH PRESSURE SAMPLE HANDLING PROTOCOLS THAT OPTIMIZE LIFE DETECTION IN HIGH PRESSURE ENVIRONMENTS. METHODOLOGY: WE WILL EVALUATE THE FIDELITY OF A RANGE OF LIFE DETECTION TECHNIQUES ON A VARIETY OF DEEP-SEA VENT SAMPLES FOR WHICH IN SITU PRESSURES HAVE BEEN MAINTAINED THROUGHOUT THE ANALYTICAL PROCESS AND COMPARE THESE TO PARALLEL SAMPLES THAT HAVE BEEN SUBJECTED TO STANDARD DECOMPRESSIVE TECHNIQUES. WE AIM TO: (1) IDENTIFY THE MOST ROBUST SUITE OF ANALYSES FOR LIFE DETECTION IN HIGH PRESSURE ECOSYSTEMS; (2) DETERMINE THE INSTRUMENTAL/ANALYTICAL REQUIREMENTS FOR IN SITU LIFE DETECTION ON FUTURE OCEAN WORLDS MISSIONS. IN SITU DETECTION OF MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES WILL INCLUDE: QUANTIFICATION OF CELL AND BIOMASS; CHARACTERIZATION OF SPECIES AND METABOLIC DIVERSITY; ENRICHMENT CULTIVATION FOR HIGH VALUE TARGET METABOLISMS; AND MEASUREMENT OF GEOCHEMICAL ISOTOPIC BIOSIGNATURES. MANY OF THESE TECHNIQUES CAN BE (AND ARE CURRENTLY BEING) ADAPTED FOR REMOTE DEPLOYMENT ON LANDERS AND ROVERS. OUR PROPOSED RESEARCH WILL IDENTIFY WHICH OF THESE TECHNIQUES IS MOST ROBUST IN HIGH-PRESSURE ENVIRONMENTS OPTIMIZE IN SITU ANALYSIS PROTOCOLS FOR HIGH-PRESSURE ECOSYSTEMS AND DEVELOP THE TECHNOLOGY NECESSARY TO IMPLEMENT THESE PROTOCOLS IN UPCOMING MISSION INSTRUMENT PACKAGES SIGNIFICANCE THIS WORK ADDRESSES THE FOLLOWING PSTAR OBJECTIVES. SCIENCE: WE WILL ELUCIDATE THE PROCESSES BY WHICH HIGH PRESSURE MICROBIOMES ARE SENSITIVE TO TRADITIONAL DECOMPRESSION SAMPLING CHARACTERIZE THE METABOLIC AND SPECIES DIVERSITY THAT HAS BEEN OBSCURED BY THESE TECHNIQUES AND DEVELOP NEW APPROACHES TO DETECTING THESE ENIGMATIC PIEZOPHILES IN HIGH PRESSURE ENVIRONMENTS. TECHNOLOGY: WE WILL PERFORM THE FIRST TESTS OF A NEWLY DEVELOPED SAMPLING SYSTEM THAT MAINTAINS HIGH IN SITU PRESSURES DURING RECOVERY. WE WILL FURTHER DEVELOP THE TECHNOLOGY AND PROTOCOLS NECESSARY FOR CARRYING OUT LIFE DETECTION UNDER HIGH PRESSURES.

FLOW PHYSICS AND CONTROL OF 3-D SEPARATION ON FINITE SPAN, TAPERED AND SWEPT WINGS

23-APRA23-0092 COMPACT DELAY LINES FOR SPACE INTERFEROMETRY.

STCI: A SEMANTIC ESCIENCE FRAMEWORK (SESF): FACILITATING NEXT GENERATION DATA INTENSIVE SCIENCE

COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: SCALING UP THE USE OF MIXED REALITY IN CIVIL ENGINEERING EDUCATION

ADVANCED COGNITIVE SOCIAL SIMULATION

COMPUTATIONAL STUDIES OF FOLDING AND DYNAMICS OF PROTEINS

INTEROP ECO-OP: EMPLOYING CYBER INFRASTRUCTURE DATA TECHNOLOGIES TO FACILITATE IEA FOR CLIMATE IMPACTS IN NE & CA LME'S (#3 & #7)

PIRANHA PIN-FINS (PPF): VORACIOUS BOILING HEAT TRANSFER BY VAPOR VENTING FROM MICROCHANNELS

THE GOAL OF THIS PROPOSED PROJECT WILL BE TO CONTINUALLY ASSESS THE ENERGY-SAVINGS OPPORTUNITIES AND TECHNICAL BARRIERS RELATED TO LIGHTING TECHNOL

THREE EXPERTISES IN THE STUDY OF SMALL UNIT, COOPERATIVE, INTERACTIONS

SPORICIDAL ENZYMES FOR WIDE AREA DECONTAMINATION

TAS::57 3600::TAS "FLOW PHYSICS OF STALL- AND SEPARATION CELLS AND THEIR CONTROL"

EXPERIMENTAL AND THEORETICAL STUDIES OF CHARGE-CHARGE INTERACTIONS IN PROTEINS

A PROBABILISTIC CLOSED-LOOP ARTIFICIAL PANCREAS TO HANDLE UNANNOUNCED MEALS

MRI CONSORTIUM: ACQUISITION OF A LEICA TCS SP8 STED 3X SUPER RESOLUTION MICROSCOPE

MODELING THE CIRCADIAN EFFECTS OF LOW DOSE RADIATION ON IMMUNOMETABOLISM AND ITS EFFECT ON LIVER ORGANOID PHYSIOLOGY

MULTISCALE METHODS FOR THE RELIABLE SIMULATION OF MULTIPHASE PROCESSES

NEW MECHANISMS BEHIND SKELETAL MUSCLE ENDURANCE - STRETCH ACTIVATION (SA), A DELAYED FORCE INCREASE (FSA) FOLLOWING A RAPID STRETCH, IS KNOWN TO BE CRITICAL TO THE FUNCTION OF SOME MUSCLE TYPES, SUCH AS CARDIAC MUSCLE, BUT ITS PURPOSE IN OTHER TYPES IS NOT KNOWN. EVEN LESS IS KNOWN ABOUT THE MECHANISMS BEHIND SA, LIMITING OUR ABILITY TO TREAT DISEASES INVOLVING SA LOSS. THE FEW PREVIOUS INVESTIGATIONS OF MAMMALIAN SKELETAL MUSCLE SUGGESTED ITS FSA IS TOO LOW TO BE IMPORTANT FOR FUNCTION. HOWEVER, OUR MEASUREMENTS OF MOUSE SLOW-TWITCH MUSCLE FSA AT MODERATE AND HIGHER [PI] CONTRADICT THIS INTERPRETATION, SUGGESTING SA CONTRIBUTES AT LEAST 1/3 OF TOTAL FORCE GENERATION DURING PROLONGED USE. THIS WOULD INCREASE SLOW MUSCLE ENDURANCE BY MAINTAINING FORCE PRODUCTION WHEN CALCIUM-ACTIVATED FORCE PRODUCTION DECLINES AND [PI] INCREASES, SUCH AS DURING LONG-DISTANCE RUNNING. FOR SPECIFIC AIM 1 WE WILL TEST OUR HYPOTHESIS THAT STRETCH ACTIVATION IS A PREVIOUSLY UNKNOWN, ALTERNATIVE WAY TO MAINTAIN FORCE PRODUCTION, AND THAT STRETCH ACTIVATION CONTRIBUTES TO MAMMALIAN SKELETAL MUSCLE ENDURANCE. WE WILL TEST THIS BY MEASURING SA CHARACTERISTICS AND POWER FROM SKINNED AND LIVE MOUSE SOLEUS AND EXTENSOR DIGITORUM LONGUS FIBERS SUBJECTED TO EXTENDED USE CONDITIONS. SA’S MECHANISM IN SKELETAL MUSCLE IS COMPLETELY UNKNOWN. HOWEVER, OUR EXPERIMENTS WITH DROSOPHILA AND MICE STRONGLY SUGGEST TWO MYOSIN-BASED MECHANISMS FOR DIFFERENT FIBER TYPES. OUR PROPOSED SOLEUS MECHANISM INVOLVES A REVERSIBLE POWER STROKE THAT DOES NOT OCCUR IN EDL MYOSIN ISOFORMS. THIS WOULD ENABLE SOLEUS FIBERS TO STORE AND RETURN ENERGY FROM STRETCH IN THEIR MYOSINS, INCREASING MUSCLE EFFICIENCY. FOR SPECIFIC AIM 2 WE WILL DETERMINE THE KINETIC AND STRUCTURAL MECHANISMS THAT DIFFERENTIATE SKELETAL MUSCLE SA CHARACTERISTICS. TESTS OF OUR MECHANISMS INCLUDE OPTICAL TRAPPING EXPERIMENTS WITH DIFFERENT MYOSIN ISOFORMS TO ASSESS KEY ASPECTS OF OUR MODELS AND FITTING CROSS-BRIDGE MODEL EQUATIONS TO OUR MAMMALIAN SA TENSION TRANSIENTS. WE WILL TEST OUR HYPOTHESIS THAT A SPECIFIC MYOSIN STRUCTURAL DOMAIN IS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE SA RESPONSE DIFFERENCES BY MEASURING SA CHARACTERISTICS OF DROSOPHILA MUSCLE EXPRESSING CHIMERIC MYOSINS. IF OUR KINETIC MECHANISMS ARE CORRECT, THIS STRUCTURAL EXPERIMENT WILL DETERMINE THE REGION OF MYOSIN THAT DETERMINES IF A MYOSIN ISOFORM’S POWER-STROKE IS REVERSABLE. FOR SPECIFIC AIM 3 WE WILL TEST OUR HYPOTHESIS THAT DISRUPTED SA PROPERTIES CONTRIBUTE TO HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY (HCM) AND MYOSIN BASED SKELETAL MUSCLE DISEASES. WE WILL TEST IF THE MECHANISMS OF TWO OF OUR DROSOPHILA HCM MODELS INCLUDE ALTERED SA CHARACTERISTICS, AND CREATE THREE NEW DROSOPHILA MODELS WHERE THE HCM MUTATIONS ARE IN A DOMAIN OUR PRELIMINARY RESULTS SUGGEST IS CRITICAL FOR ENDOWING STRETCH-ACTIVATED FORCE. WE WILL TEST TWO MODELS OF DISTAL ARTHROGRYPOSIS, ONE WITH A SEVERE AND THE OTHER A MILD PHENOTYPE, FOR ALTERATIONS TO SA. OUR COMBINED USE OF MAMMALIAN AND DROSOPHILA MODELS IS PARTICULARLY POWERFUL FOR UNCOVERING NEW, FUNDAMENTAL KNOWLEDGE INTO SA’S ROLES AND MECHANISMS, AND WILL PROPEL US TOWARD OUR LONG-TERM GOAL OF APPLYING INSIGHTS FROM SA TO RESTORE IMPAIRED MUSCLE FUNCTION.

COMMUNITY STABILITY AND SOCIAL ENGINEERING IN LARGE-SCALE SOCIAL NETWORKS: EMPLOYING INDIVIDUAL-BASED MODELS FOR OPINION DYNAMICS TO DETECT AND DESTA

PURCHASE OF EQUIPMENT FOR THE CENTER FOR ROBOTIC MANUFACTURING SYSTEMS

AI-EMPOWERED HIGH-RESOLUTION MULTIMODAL IMAGING OF MICROBES UNDER EXTREME CONDITIONS

TAS:: 89 0222::TAS - INTEROPERABLE TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADVANCED PETASCALE SIMULATIONS

PFI:BIC: MULTIMODAL-SENSOR-ENABLED ENVIRONMENTS WITH ADVANCED COGNITIVE COMPUTING ENABLING SMART GROUP MEETING FACILITATION SERVICES.

III: MEDIUM: MINING PETABYTES OF DATA USING CLOUD COMPUTING AND A MASSIVELY PARALLEL CYBERINSTRUMENT

PETASCALE COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS

SENSE: MULTIMODAL BIOMETRIC SENSOR FOR OPTIMAL REGULATION OF CIRCADIAN RHYTHM AND NEUROCOGNITIVE PERFORMANCE

MRI: ACQUISITION OF A NEXT GENERATION, DATA-CENTRIC SUPERCOMPUTER

IUSE/PFE:RED A&I CURRICULUM INTEGRATION THROUGH COLLABORATIVE TEACHING AND MENTORING: ADAPTING AN INTEGRATED SYSTEM FOR ENGINEERING FORMATION -ENGINEERING EDUCATION FACES SIGNIFICANT CHALLENGES DUE TO RAPID TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCES, THE CONTINUOUS EVOLUTION OF BASE KNOWLEDGE, AND RAPID CHANGES IN THE WAY STUDENTS PERCEIVE AND PROCESS INFORMATION. THIS ENVIRONMENT MOTIVATES THE CONTINUOUS DEVELOPMENT OF THE ENGINEERING CURRICULUM AND TEACHING METHODS. ONE DIFFICULTY ARISING FROM THE TRADITIONAL INSTRUCTION METHODS IS THAT COURSES ARE TAUGHT INDEPENDENTLY BY DIFFERENT INSTRUCTORS, WITH LITTLE EFFORT TO UNDERLINE THE RELATIONSHIPS AND COMMONALITIES BETWEEN DISCIPLINES. ANOTHER CONCERN IS RELATED TO THE LIMITED ACCESS TO HANDS-ON ACTIVITIES AND PROJECT-BASED LEARNING IN MOST COLLEGES. THIS PROJECT WILL INTRODUCE SEVERAL CURRICULAR CHANGES SUPPORTED BY A RADICAL CHANGE OF TEACHING METHODS AND CULTURE FROM AN INDIVIDUALISTIC APPROACH TO A MORE COMPREHENSIVE, COLLABORATIVE TEACHING METHOD, WITH CONNECTIONS BETWEEN DISCIPLINES BEING CONTINUOUSLY ESTABLISHED AND PROJECT-BASED LEARNING BECOMING THE NORM. THIS IS EXPECTED TO LEAD TO A SIGNIFICANT ENHANCEMENT OF THE STUDENT EXPERIENCE, INCREASED STUDENT-TEACHER INTERACTION, INCREASED STUDENT RETENTION AND DEVELOPMENT OF STUDENT SKILLS NEEDED TO EXPAND OUR NATION?S TECHNICAL LEAD AND INNOVATION INFRASTRUCTURE. THIS PROJECT AIMS TO CHANGE THE CULTURE IN THE MECHANICAL, AEROSPACE AND NUCLEAR ENGINEERING (MANE) DEPARTMENT AT RENSSELAER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE (RPI) FROM A TRADITIONAL ENGINEERING SILOED APPROACH TO AN INTEGRATED AND COLLABORATIVE APPROACH. THE CENTRAL RESEARCH QUESTIONS ADDRESSED IN THIS PROJECT ARE: 1) HOW STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES AND LEARNING EXPERIENCE ARE IMPACTED BY THE TRANSFORMATION OF THE DEPARTMENT CULTURE IN RELATIONSHIP TO PEDAGOGY; AND 2) HOW SUCCESSFUL IS THE REPLICATION OF A PEDAGOGICAL MODEL DEVELOPED IN A SINGLE-PROGRAM DEPARTMENT OF A LARGE PUBLIC UNIVERSITY WHEN APPLIED TO A MULTI-PROGRAM DEPARTMENT OF A SMALLER PRIVATE COLLEGE. THESE RESEARCH QUESTIONS WILL BE ADDRESSED BY REPLICATING THE SUCCESSFUL IMPLEMENTATION OF COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY (CSU) NSF-SUPPORTED PROJECT ?REVOLUTIONIZING ROLES TO REIMAGINE INTEGRATED SYSTEMS OF ENGINEERING FORMATION?. THIS PROGRAM TRANSFORMED ENGINEERING EDUCATION BY ENABLING STUDENTS TO BETTER UNDERSTAND HOW DIFFERENT DISCIPLINES ARE COMING TOGETHER AND COURSE TOPICS ARE APPLIED IN PRACTICAL ENGINEERING PROBLEMS. IMPORTANT COMPONENTS OF THIS PROGRAM INCLUDE NANOCOURSES (OR ?JUST IN TIME? KNOWLEDGE DELIVERY), KNOWLEDGE INTEGRATION ACTIVITIES BETWEEN DISCIPLINES WITHIN THE CURRICULUM, AND VERTICALLY INTEGRATED AND OPEN-ENDED PROJECTS. WE WILL FOLLOW A MULTI-METHOD RESEARCH APPROACH TO UNDERSTAND THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE CSU PROGRAM IN OUR DEPARTMENT. WE WILL USE A NATURAL QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN WITH MIXED-METHODS (OBSERVATION, FOCUS GROUPS, INTERVIEWS, SURVEYS, SECONDARY DATA ANALYSIS) OVER A PERIOD OF FOUR YEARS, ACROSS ALL LEVELS OF EDUCATION, FOR ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF THE IMPLEMENTATION. OUR PRIMARY EXPECTED OUTCOMES OVER THE SHORT TERM ARE A CHANGED PEDAGOGICAL CULTURE AMONG FACULTY, AN INCREASE IN STUDENT ENGAGEMENT AND LEARNING, AND A BETTER STUDENT UNDERSTANDING OF SEEMINGLY DISPARATE DISCIPLINES. OVER THE LONG TERM, WE ANTICIPATE AN INCREASE IN RETENTION OF ENGINEERING STUDENTS, ESPECIALLY UNDERREPRESENTED MINORITY STUDENTS. SHOULD THE RPI EXPERIMENT BE AS SUCCESSFUL AS THE CSU ONE, IT WILL BE A DEMONSTRATION THAT THE MODEL IS VIABLE TO BE IMPLEMENTED MORE BROADLY. THIS AWARD REFLECTS NSF'S STATUTORY MISSION AND HAS BEEN DEEMED WORTHY OF SUPPORT THROUGH EVALUATION USING THE FOUNDATION'S INTELLECTUAL MERIT AND BROADER IMPACTS REVIEW CRITERIA.

NATURAL LANGUAGE UNDERSTANDING BY INTELLIGENT COLLABORATORS

THE PURPOSE OF THIS GRANT IS TO FUND AN UPGRADE OF A NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE FACILITY AT RENSSELAER POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY TO SUPPORT MEASUREMENTS OF BIOTHERAPEUTIC AND OTHER FLUIDS BEING DEVELOPED FOR SOCIETAL AND ECONOMIC NEEDS OF COMPANIES AND INSTITUTIONS ACROSS THE NEW YORK STATE AREA. ACTIVITIES TO BE PERFORMED: AGING AND OBSOLETE KEY PARTS OF AN EXISTING NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE INSTRUMENT WILL BE REPLACED WITH A MODERN RADIO FREQUENCY CONSOLE, CRYOPROBE, AND CRYOPROBE COOLING UNIT AND INSTALLED INTO THE EXISTING INFRASTRUCTURE. EXPECTED OUTCOMES: REPLACING THE EXISTING, OBSOLETE EQUIPMENT WILL ALLOW THE FACILITY TO BETTER SERVE MORE COMPLEX NEEDS FROM LOCAL INDUSTRY, ESPECIALLY IN THE BIOPHARMACEUTICAL AREA. THE NEW INSTRUMENTATION CORE WILL PROVIDE HIGHER QUALITY MEASUREMENTS. THE FACILITY IS ALSO A KEY COMPONENT OF WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT FOR THIS REGION. INTENDED BENEFICIARIES: THE FACILITY CURRENTLY SUPPORTS MULTIPLE COMPANIES LOCATED IN NEW YORK STATE THAT ARE KEY TO PRODUCTS THAT ENHANCE THE STANDARD OF LIVING ACROSS THE UNITED STATES. THE FACILITY IS ALSO AN IMPORTANT ELEMENT IN RESEARCH PROGRAMS AT SEVERAL NEW YORK BASED UNIVERSITIES THROUGH WHICH WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT SERVES A BROAD POPULATION. SUBRECIPIENT ACTIVITIES: THE RECIPIENT DOES NOT INTEND TO SUBAWARD FUNDS.

MECHANISMS ASSOCIATED WITH THE ALERTING EFFECTS OF LIGHT - PHASE 2

SEARCHING FOR THETA_14 AT DAYA BAY

RENSSELAER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE WITH LOS ALAMOS NATIONAL LABORATORY: NEW AWARD CONTROL NUMBER: 1858-1700 STABLE DIACID COORDINATED QUATERNARY AMMONIUM POLYMERS FOR 80-150°C FUEL CELLS THIS COOPERATIVE AGREEMENT IS HEREBY AWARDED TO RENSSELAER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE WITH LOS ALAMOS NATIONAL LABORATORY TO DEVELOP POLYMER FUEL CELLS THAT CAN OPERATE IN THE TEMPERATURE RANGE OF 80–150 °C WITHOUT HUMIDIFICATION.

DEPLOYMENT OF A SUITE OF HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTATIONAL TOOLS FOR MULTISCALE MULTIPHYSICS SIMULATION OF GENERATION IV REACTORS

MOTIVATION, LEARNING, AND PERFORMANCE: DEVELOPING A DETAILED AND COMPREHENSIVE COMPUTATIONAL THEORY (AREA 1 - LEARNING IN FORMAL AND INFORMAL ENVIRON

TAS::57 3600::TAS 'FLOW PHYSICS AND CONTROL OF 3-D SEPARATION ON 3-D SWEPT WINGS' DATED 20 OCT 2016 IS HEREBY INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE.

GRADUATE ASSISTANCE IN AREA OF NATIONAL NEED FOR THE INTERDISCIPLINARY MECHANICAL ENGINEERING AND AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING PHD PROGRAM AT RENSSELAER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE

MAGNETIC SIGNATURES OF ELECTRICAL APPARATUS

AMINOBENZOMORPHAN: POTENTIAL COCAINE ABUSE MEDICATIONS

"MILLISECONDS MATTER FOR DECISION MAKING: UNDERSTANDING AND MODELING LARGE EFFECTS ON BEHAVIOR PRODUCED BY SMALL CHANGES IN COGNITION, PERCEPTION, A

GRADUATE RESEARCH FELLOWSHIP PROGRAM (GRFP)

MRI: ACQUISITION OF A SMART SENSOR WEB FOR UNDERSTANDING FRESHWATER ECOSYSTEMS

UNDERSTANDING CHIRALITY AT CELL-CELL JUNCTIONS WITH MICROSCALE PLATFORMS - THE REGULATION OF CELL-CELL JUNCTIONS IS ESSENTIAL FOR THE BIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS OF VARIOUS TISSUES SUCH AS EPITHELIUM AND ENDOTHELIUM. RECENT EVIDENCE IN EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT AND VASCULAR PHYSIOLOGY SUGGESTS THAT CELL-CELL JUNCTIONS ARE REGULATED BY CELL CHIRALITY, A UNIVERSAL BUT FUNDAMENTAL PROPERTY OF THE CELL. WE PIONEER IN RESEARCH IN CELL CHIRALITY USING ENGINEERED IN VITRO PLATFORMS. HERE, USING THESE PLATFORMS, WE ARE TO INVESTIGATE THE BIOPHYSICAL MECHANISM ASSOCIATED WITH CHIRALITY AT CELL-CELL JUNCTIONS. WHILE THE PRINCIPLE MAY BE SHARED AMONG MANY CELL TYPES, THIS STUDY WILL FOCUS ON ENDOTHELIAL CELLS AND THE REGULATION OF VASCULAR PERMEABILITY. THE ENDOTHELIAL CELL LAYER IS A SEMI-PERMEABLE BARRIER THAT TIGHTLY CONTROLS THE PASSAGE OF PROTEINS AND CELLS IN THE BLOODSTREAM INTO THE INTERSTITIAL SPACE AND REGULATES THE LOCAL ENVIRONMENT OF BIOLOGICAL TISSUES IN LIVING ORGANISMS. CELLS ACHIEVE THIS VITAL FUNCTION PRIMARILY THROUGH MEDIATING PARACELLULAR TRANSPORT BY CONTROLLING THE OPENING AND CLOSURE OF CELL-CELL JUNCTIONS. PROTEIN KINASE C (PKC) ACTIVATION HAS BEEN ASSOCIATED WITH ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION IN CHRONIC CONDITIONS SUCH AS DIABETES AND LONG-TERM SMOKING AS WELL AS ACUTE DISEASES SUCH AS SEPSIS, ACUTE LUNG INJURY, AND VIRAL INFECTION. RESTORING AND MAINTAINING VASCULAR INTEGRITY IS CRITICAL FOR BODY FUNCTION AND PATIENT SURVIVAL, ESPECIALLY FOR ACUTE DISEASES. RECENTLY, WE HAVE DEMONSTRATED THAT PKC CAN REVERSE CELL CHIRALITY, WHICH MEDIATES ENDOTHELIAL PERMEABILITY. HOWEVER, LITTLE IS KNOWN ABOUT THE MOLECULAR MECHANISM OF HOW PKC ACTIVATION REVERSES ENDOTHELIAL CHIRALITY OR THAT OF HOW CELL CHIRALITY ALTERS ENDOTHELIAL PERMEABILITY. IN THIS PROPOSAL, WE HYPOTHESIZE THAT PKC REVERSES CELL CHIRALITY BY REDUCING THE LEVEL OF ACTIN CROSSLINKING AND THAT CELL CHIRALITY REGULATES CELL-CELL JUNCTIONS (AND THEREFORE ENDOTHELIAL PERMEABILITY) BIOMECHANICALLY THROUGH ACTIN TILTING AND VE-CADHERIN LOCALIZATION. WE WILL PURSUE THE FOLLOWING THREE AIMS: AIM 1. IDENTIFY THE TIMING AND LOCATION OF BIOMECHANICAL ASYMMETRY RESPONSIBLE FOR MULTICELLULAR CHIRAL MORPHOGENESIS USING TRACTION FORCE MICROSCOPY (TFM). COMBING 2D MICROPATTERNING FOR CELL CHIRALITY AND TFM FOR CELLULAR FORCES, WE ARE TO STUDY IN GREAT DETAIL OF 2D COLLECTIVE SYMMETRY BREAKING AND TO INTERROGATE UNDERLYING CELLULAR BIOMECHANICAL MECHANISMS. AIM 2. DETERMINE CYTOSKELETAL MECHANISMS UNDERLYING PKC INDUCED REVERSAL OF ENDOTHELIAL CELL CHIRALITY. WE WILL IDENTIFY FORMIN ISOFORMS AND ACTIN CROSSLINKERS INVOLVED IN THIS PROCESS, AND THEIR REGULATION BY PKC SIGNALING. AIM 3. INVESTIGATE THE ROLE OF CHIRALITY MISMATCH IN THE INTERCELLULAR GAP FORMATION AND ENDOTHELIAL PERMEABILITY. WE WILL QUANTIFY ACTIN STRUCTURE AND DYNAMICS DURING THE INTERCELLULAR JUNCTIONS AND EXAMINE HOW THE MISMATCH OF CELL CHIRALITY CAN LEAD TO ACTIN REMODELING AND INDUCE INTERCELLULAR GAP FORMATION. IF SUCCESSFUL, WE WILL BE ABLE TO IDENTIFY THE BIOPHYSICAL MECHANISMS, ALLOWING FOR THE POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT OF NOVEL, SPECIFIC THERAPIES BASED ON CELL CHIRALITY FOR ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION. WITH DATA OBTAINED FROM THIS PROPOSAL, WE WILL SEEK FURTHER SUPPORT AND EXAMINE OUR FINDINGS WITH ANIMAL MODELS.

PHYSICAL MECHANISMS OF CELL STATE TRANSITIONS: SIZE HOMEOSTASIS IN BUDDING YEAST